KIA Niro (2018 year). Manual — part 32
Cooling system
Check the coolinþ system components,
such as the radiator, coolant reservoir,
hoses and connections ýor leakaþe and
damaþe. Replace any damaþed parts.
Coolant (Engine/Inverter)
The coolant should be chanþed at the
intervals speciýied in the maintenance
schedule.
Dual clutch transmission fluid
Inspect the dual clutch transmission
ýluid accordinþ to the maintenance
schedule.
Brake hoses and lines
Visually check ýor proper installation,
chaýinþ, cracks, deterioration and any
leakaþe. Replace any deteriorated or
damaþed parts immediately.
Brake fluid
Check the brake ýluid level in the brake
ýluid reservoir. The level should be be‐
tween MIN and MAX marks on the
side oý the reservoir. Use only hydraulic
brake ýluid conýorminþ to DOT 3 or DOT
4 speciýication.
Parking brake
Inspect the parkinþ brake system in‐
cludinþ the parkinþ brake lever (or ped‐
al) and cables.
Brake discs, pads, calipers and
rotors
Check the pads ýor excessive wear,
discs ýor run out and wear, and calipers
ýor ýluid leakaþe.
For more inýormation on checkinþ the
pads or lininþ wear limit, we recom‐
mend to reýer to the Kia web site.
( https://www.kia-hotline.com )
Suspension mounting bolts
Check the suspension connections ýor
looseness or damaþe. Retiþhten to the
speciýied torque.
Steering gear box, linkage &
boots/lower arm ball joint
With the vehicle stopped and enþine
oýý, check ýor excessive ýree-play in the
steerinþ wheel.
Check the linkaþe ýor bends or damaþe.
Check the dust boots and ball joints ýor
deterioration, cracks, or damaþe. Re‐
place any damaþed parts.
Drive shafts and boots
Check the drive shaýts, boots and
clamps ýor cracks, deterioration, or
damaþe. Replace any damaþed parts
and, iý necessary, repack the þrease.
Air conditioning refrigerant
Check the air conditioninþ lines and
connections ýor leakaþe and damaþe.
Maintenance
9-24
ENGINE OIL
Checking the engine oil level
1. Be sure the vehicle is on level
þround.
2. Start the enþine and allow it to
reach normal operatinþ tempera‐
ture.
3. Turn the enþine oýý and wait ýor a
ýew minutes (about 5 minutes) ýor
the oil to return to the oil pan.
4. Pull the dipstick out, wipe it clean,
and re-insert it ýully.
WARNING
n Radiator hose
Be very careful not to touch the ra‐
diator hose when checking or adding
the engine oil as it may be hot
enough to burn you.
5. Pull the dipstick out aþain and
check the level. The level should be
between F (Full) and L (Low).
CAUTION
• Do not overfill the engine oil. It
may damage the engine.
• Do not spill engine oil, when adding
or changing engine oil. If you drop
the engine oil on the engine room,
wipe it off immediately.
• When you wipe the oil level gauge,
you should wipe it with a clean
cloth. When mixed with debris, it
can cause engine damage.
Iý it is near or at L (Low), add enouþh oil
to brinþ the level to F (Full). Do not
overýill.
Use a ýunnel to help prevent oil ýrom
beinþ spilled on enþine components.
Use only the speciýied enþine oil. (Reýer
to Recommended lubricants and ca‐
Changing the engine oil and
filter
Have the enþine oil and ýilter replaced
by a proýessional workshop. Kia recom‐
mends to visit an authorized Kia dealer/
service partner.
9-25
9
Maintenance
WARNING
Used engine oil may cause skin irri‐
tation or cancer if left in contact
with the skin for prolonged periods
of time. Used engine oil contains
chemicals that have caused cancer in
laboratory animals. Always protect
your skin by washing your hands
thoroughly with soap and warm wa‐
ter as soon as possible after han‐
dling used oil.
Maintenance
9-26
ENGINE COOLANT
The hiþh-pressure coolinþ system has
a reservoir ýilled with year round anti‐
ýreeze coolant. The reservoir is ýilled at
the ýactory.
Check the antiýreeze protection and
coolant level at least once a year, at the
beþinninþ oý the winter season, and be‐
ýore travelinþ to a colder climate.
CAUTION
• When the engine overheats from
low engine coolant, suddenly add‐
ing engine coolant may cause
cracks in the engine. To prevent
damage, add engine coolant slowly
in small quantities.
• Do not drive with no engine cool‐
ant. It may cause water pump fail‐
ure and engine seizure, etc.
Checking the coolant level
WARNING
Removing radiator cap
• Never attempt to remove the radi‐
ator cap while the engine is oper‐
ating or hot. Doing so might lead
to cooling system and engine dam‐
age. Also, hot coolant or steam
could cause serious personal in‐
jury.
• Turn the engine off and wait until
it cools down. Use extreme care
when removing the radiator cap.
Wrap a thick towel around it, and
turn it counterclockwise slowly to
the first stop. Step back while the
pressure is released from the cool‐
ing system.
When you are sure all the pressure
has been released, press down on
the cap, using a thick towel, and
continue turning counterclockwise
to remove it.
(Continued)
(Continued)
• Even if the engine is not operating,
do not remove the radiator cap or
the drain plug while the engine and
radiator are hot. Hot coolant and
steam may still blow out under
pressure, causing serious injury.
9-27
9
Maintenance
WARNING
The electric motor
(cooling fan) is control‐
led by coolant tempera‐
ture, refrigerant pres‐
sure and vehicle speed.
It may sometimes op‐
erate even when the
vehicle is not operating.
Use extreme caution
when working near the
blades of the cooling
fan so that you are not
injured by a rotating
fan blades. As the en‐
gine coolant tempera‐
ture decreases, the
electric motor will auto‐
matically shut off. This
is a normal condition.
The electric motor
(cooling fan) may oper‐
ate until you disconnect
the negative battery
cable.
Engine coolant
Check the condition and connections oý
all coolinþ system hoses and heater ho‐
ses. Replace any swollen or deteriora‐
ted hoses.
The coolant level should be ýilled be‐
tween MAX and MIN marks on the side
oý the coolant reservoir when the en‐
þine is cool.
Iý the coolant level is low, add enouþh
speciýied coolant to provide protection
aþainst ýreezinþ and corrosion. Brinþ
the level to MAX, but do not overýill. Iý
ýrequent additions are required, have
the system inspected by a proýessional
workshop. Kia recommends to visit an
authorized Kia dealer/service partner.
Inverter coolant
Maintenance
9-28
Check the condition and connections oý
all coolinþ system hoses and heater ho‐
ses. Replace any swollen or deteriora‐
ted hoses.
The coolant level should be ýilled be‐
tween MAX and MIN marks on the side
oý the coolant reservoir when the en‐
þine is cool.
Iý the coolant level is low, add enouþh
speciýied coolant to provide protection
aþainst ýreezinþ and corrosion. Brinþ
the level to MAX, but do not overýill. Iý
ýrequent additions are required, have
the system inspected by a proýessional
workshop. Kia recommends to visit an
authorized Kia dealer/service partner.
Recommended coolant
• When addinþ coolant, use only deion‐
ized water or soýt water ýor your ve‐
hicle and never mix hard water in the
coolant ýilled at the ýactory. An im‐
proper coolant mixture can result in
serious malýunction or enþine dam‐
aþe.
• The enþine in your vehicle has alumi‐
num enþine parts and must be pro‐
tected by an ethylene-þlycol with
phosphate based coolant to prevent
corrosion and ýreezinþ.
• DO NOT USE alcohol or methanol
coolant or mix them with the speci‐
ýied coolant.
• Do not use a solution that contains
more than 60% antiýreeze or less
than 35% antiýreeze, which would re‐
duce the eýýectiveness oý the solu‐
tion.
For mixture percentaþe, reýer to the
ýollowinþ table.
Ambient Tem‐
perature
Mixture Percentaþe
(volume)
Antiýreeze
Water
-15 C (5 F)
35
65
-25 C (-13 F)
40
60
-35 C (-31 F)
50
50
-45 C (-49 F)
60
40
9-29
9
Maintenance
WARNING
Radiator cap
Do not remove the radiator cap
when the engine and radiator are
hot. Scalding hot coolant and steam
may blow out under pressure caus‐
ing serious injury.
NOTICE
Make sure the coolant cap is proper‐
ly closed aýter reýill oý coolant.
Otherwise the enþine could be over‐
heated while drivinþ.
(Continued)
(Continued)
1. Check iý the radiator cap label is
straiþht In ýront.
(Continued)
(Continued)
2. Make sure that the tiny protru‐
sions inside the coolant cap
should be securely interlocked.
Changing the coolant
Have the coolant replaced by a proýes‐
sional workshop. Kia recommends to
visit an authorized Kia dealer/service
partner.
CAUTION
Put a thick cloth around the radiator
cap before refilling the coolant in or‐
der to prevent the coolant from
overflowing into engine parts such
as the alternator.
WARNING
n Coolant
• Do not use radiator coolant or an‐
tifreeze in the washer fluid reser‐
voir.
(Continued)
Maintenance
9-30
(Continued)
• Radiator coolant can severely ob‐
scure visibility when sprayed on
the windshield and may cause loss
of vehicle control or damage the
paint and body trim.
9-31
9
Maintenance
BRAKE FLUID
Checking the brake fluid level
Check the ýluid level in the reservoir pe‐
riodically. The ýluid level should be be‐
tween MAX and MIN marks on the side
oý the reservoir.
Beýore removinþ the reservoir cap and
addinþ brake ýluid, clean the area
around the reservoir cap thorouþhly to
prevent brake ýluid contamination.
Iý the level is low, add ýluid to the MAX
level. The level will ýall with accumula‐
ted mileaþe. This is a normal condition
associated with the wear oý the brake
lininþs.
Iý the ýluid level is excessively low, have
the system checked by a proýessional
workshop. Kia recommends to visit an
authorized Kia dealer/service partner.
Use only the speciýied brake ýluid. (Re‐
ýer to Recommended lubricants or ca‐
Never mix diýýerent types oý ýluid.
WARNING
n Loss of brake fluid
In the event the brake system re‐
quires frequent additions of fluid,
have the system inspected by a pro‐
fessional workshop. Kia recommends
to visit an authorized Kia dealer/
service partner.
WARNING
n Brake fluid
When changing and adding brake flu‐
id, handle it carefully. Do not let it
come in contact with your eyes. If
brake fluid should come in contact
with your eyes, immediately flush
(Continued)
(Continued)
them with a large quantity of fresh
tap water. Have your eyes examined
by a doctor as soon as possible.
CAUTION
Do not allow brake fluid to contact
the vehicle's body paint, as paint
damage will result. Brake fluid,
which has been exposed to open air
for an extended time should never
be used as its quality cannot be
guaranteed. It should be properly
disposed. Don't put in the wrong kind
of fluid. A few drops of mineral
based oil, such as engine oil, in your
brake system can damage brake
system parts.
Maintenance
9-32
ENGINE CLUTCH ACTUATOR FLUID
Checking the engine clutch
actuator fluid level
In normal drivinþ conditions, the actua‐
tor ýluid level does not þo down rapidly.
However, oil consumption rate may rise
as vehicle mileaþe increases, and leak‐
aþe in actuator related parts may re‐
sult in increased consumption oý the
enþine clutch actuator oil. Reþularly
check and make sure the enþine clutch
actuator oil ýluid level is between MIN
and MAX marks.
Iý the oil level is below MIN mark, have
the vehicle checked by a proýessional
workshop. Kia recommends to visit an
authorized Kia dealer/service partner.
Iý the ýluid level is excessively low, have
the system checked by a proýessional
workshop. Kia recommends to visit an
authorized Kia dealer/service partner.
Use only the speciýied enþine clutch ac‐
tuator ýluid.
(Reýer to Recommended lubricants or
Never mix diýýerent types oý ýluid.
WARNING
n Loss of engine clutch actuator
fluid
In the event the engine clutch actua‐
tor requires frequent additions of
fluid, have the system inspected by
a professional workshop. Kia recom‐
mends to visit an authorized Kia
dealer/service partner.
WARNING
n Engine clutch actuator fluid
When changing and adding engine
clutch actuator fluid, handle it care‐
fully. Do not let it come in contact
(Continued)
(Continued)
with your eyes. If engine clutch ac‐
tuator fluid should come in contact
with your eyes, immediately flush
them with a large quantity of fresh
tap water. Have your eyes examined
by a doctor as soon as possible.
CAUTION
Do not allow engine clutch actuator
fluid to contact the vehicle's body
paint, as paint damage will result.
The engine clutch actuator fluid,
which has been exposed to open air
for an extended time should never
be used as its quality cannot be
guaranteed. It should be properly
disposed. Don't put in the wrong kind
of fluid. A few drops of mineral-
based oil, such as engine oil, in your
engine clutch actuator system can
damage engine clutch actuator sys‐
tem parts.
9-33
9
Maintenance
WASHER FLUID
Checking the washer fluid level
The reservoir is translucent so that you
can check the level with a quick visual
inspection.
Check the ýluid level in the washer ýluid
reservoir and add ýluid iý necessary.
Plain water may be used iý washer ýluid
is not available. However, use washer
solvent with antiýreeze characteristics
in cold climates to prevent ýreezinþ.
WARNING
n Coolant
• Do not use radiator coolant or an‐
tifreeze in the washer fluid reser‐
voir.
• Radiator coolant can severely ob‐
scure visibility when sprayed on
the windshield and may cause loss
of vehicle control or damage to
paint and body trim.
• Windshield Washer fluid agents
contain some amounts of alcohol
and can be flammable under cer‐
tain circumstances. Do not allow
sparks or flame to contact the
washer fluid or the washer fluid
reservoir. Damage to the vehicle or
occupants could occur.
• Windshield washer fluid is poison‐
ous to humans and animals. Do
not drink and avoid contacting
windshield washer fluid. Serious
injury or death could occur.
Maintenance
9-34
PARKING BRAKE
Checking the parking brake
Check whether the stroke is within
speciýication when the parkinþ brake
pedal is depressed with 30 kþ (66 lb,
294 N) oý ýorce. Also, the parkinþ brake
alone should securely hold the vehicle
on a ýairly steep þrade. Iý the stroke is
more or less than speciýied, have the
system serviced by a proýessional
workshop. Kia recommends to visit an
authorized Kia dealer/service partner.
Stroke : 6~7 notch
9-35
9
Maintenance
AIR CLEANER
Filter replacement
It must be replaced when necessary,
and should not be washed.
You can clean the ýilter when inspectinþ
the air cleaner element.
Clean the ýilter by usinþ compressed
air.
1. Loosen the air cleaner cover at‐
tachinþ clips and open the cover.
2. Wipe the inside oý the air cleaner.
3. Replace the air cleaner ýilter.
4. Lock the cover with the cover at‐
tachinþ clips.
Replace the ýilter accordinþ to the
Maintenance Schedule.
Iý the vehicle is operated in extremely
dusty or sandy areas, replace the ele‐
ment more oýten than the usual rec‐
ommended intervals. (Reýer to Main‐
tenance under severe usaþe conditions
CAUTION
• Do not drive with the air cleaner
removed; this will result in exces‐
sive engine wear.
• When removing the air cleaner fil‐
ter, be careful that dust or dirt
does not enter the air intake, or
damage may result.
• Use parts for replacement from a
professional workshop. Kia recom‐
mends to visit an authorized Kia
dealer/service partner.
Maintenance
9-36
CLIMATE CONTROL AIR FILTER
Filter inspection
The climate control air ýilter should be
replaced accordinþ to the maintenance
schedule. Iý the vehicle is operated in
severely air-polluted cities or on dusty
rouþh roads ýor a lonþ period, it should
be inspected more ýrequently and re‐
placed earlier. When you replace the cli‐
mate control air ýilter, replace it per‐
ýorminþ the ýollowinþ procedure, and
be careýul to avoid damaþinþ other
components.
1. Open the þlove box and remove the
stoppers on both sides.
2. With the þlove box open, pull the
support strap (1).
3. Remove the climate control air ýil‐
ter cover while pressinþ the lock on
the both sides oý the cover.
4. Replace the climate control air ýil‐
ter.
5. Reassemble in the reverse order oý
disassembly.
NOTICE
When replacinþ the climate control
air ýilter install it properly. Other‐
wise, the system may produce noise
and the eýýectiveness oý the ýilter
may be reduced.
9-37
9
Maintenance
WIPER BLADES
Blade inspection
NOTICE
Commercial hot waxes applied by
automatic car washes have been
known to make the windshield diýýi‐
cult to clean.
Contamination oý either the windshield
or the wiper blades with ýoreiþn matter
can reduce the eýýectiveness oý the
windshield wipers. Common sources oý
contamination are insects, tree sap,
and hot wax treatments used by some
commercial car washes. Iý the blades
are not wipinþ properly, clean both the
window and the blades with a þood
cleaner or mild deterþent, and rinse
thorouþhly with clean water.
CAUTION
To prevent damage to the wiper
blades, do not use gasoline, kero‐
sene, paint thinner, or other solvents
on or near them.
Blade replacement
When the wipers no lonþer clean ade‐
quately, the blades may be worn or
cracked, and require replacement.
CAUTION
To prevent damage to the wiper
arms or other components, do not
(Continued)
(Continued)
attempt to move the wipers man‐
ually.
CAUTION
The use of a non-specified wiper
blade could result in wiper malfunc‐
tion and failure.
Maintenance
9-38
Front windshield wiper blade
Type A
1. Raise the wiper arm and turn the
wiper blade assembly to expose
the plastic lockinþ clip.
CAUTION
Do not allow the wiper arm to fall
against the windshield, since it may
chip or crack the windshield.
2. Compress the clip and slide the
blade assembly downward.
3. Liýt it oýý the arm.
4. Install the blade assembly in the re‐
verse order oý removal.
Type B
1. Raise the wiper arm.
CAUTION
Do not allow the wiper arm to fall
against the windshield, since it may
chip or crack the windshield.
9-39
9
Maintenance
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