KIA K900 (2018 year). Manual — part 29

7-52

Maintenance

Battery recharging by battery
charger

Your vehicle has a maintenance-free,
calcium-based battery.
• If the battery becomes discharged

in a short time (because, for exam-
ple, the headlights or interior lights
were left on while the vehicle was
not in use), recharge it by slow
charging (trickle) for 10 hours.

• If the battery gradually discharges

because of high electric load while
the vehicle is being used, recharge
it at 20-30A for two hours.

• Absorbent Glass Matt (AGM) bat-

teries are maintenance-free and
we recommend that the AGM bat-
tery be serviced by an authorized
K900 Kia dealer. For charging your
AGM battery, use only fully auto-
matic battery chargers that are
specially developed for AGM bat-
teries.

• When replacing the AGM battery,

we recommend that you use parts
for replacement from an authorized
K900 Kia dealer.

Battery recharging by vehicle

After a jump start from a good bat-
tery, run the engine for 20-30 min-
utes at idle or driving the vehicle
before it is shutoff. Vehicle may not
restart if you shut it off before the
battery had chance to adequately
recharge.
When recharging the battery,
observe the following precautions:
• The battery must be removed from

the vehicle and placed in an area
with good ventilation.

• Do not allow cigarettes, sparks, or

flame near the battery.

• Watch the battery during charging,

and stop or reduce the charging
rate if the battery cells begin
gassing (boiling) violently or if the
temperature of the electrolyte of
any cell exceeds 120°F (49°C).

• Wear eye protection when check-

ing the battery during charging.

AGM battery(if equipped)

Do not open or remove the cap
on top of the battery. This may
cause leaks of internal elec-
trolyte that could result in
severe injury.

WARNING

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• Disconnect the battery charger in

the following order.

1.Turn off the battery charger main

switch.

2.Unhook the negative clamp from

the negative battery terminal.

3.Unhook the positive clamp from

the positive battery terminal.

• Before performing maintenance or

recharging the battery, turn off all
accessories and stop the engine.

• The negative battery cable must be

removed first and installed last
when the battery is disconnected.

• Operation related to the battery

should be done at an authorized
K900 Kia dealer.

Reset items

Items should be reset after the bat-
tery has been discharged or the bat-
tery has been disconnected.
• Auto up/down window

(See section 4)

• Sunroof (See section 4)
• Driver position memory system

(See section 4)

• Trip computer (See section 4)
• Climate control system

(See section 4)

• Clock (See section 4)
• Audio (See section 4)
• Power trunk (See section 4)

Battery in trunk

Your vehicle is equipped with a
battery in the trunk. For your
safety, avoid storing containers
with liquid in the trunk of the
vehicle. If the liquid leaks, this
could contact the battery and
create a risk of electrocution.

WARNING

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7-54

Maintenance

TIRES AND WHEELS

Tire care

For proper maintenance, safety, and
maximum fuel economy, you must
always maintain recommended tire
inflation pressures and stay within
the load limits and weight distribution
recommended for your vehicle.

Recommended cold tire infla-
tion pressures

All tire pressures (including the
spare) should be checked when the
tires are cold. “Cold Tires” means the
vehicle has not been driven for at
least three hours or driven less than
one mile (1.6 km).
Recommended pressures must be
maintained for the best ride, vehicle
handling, and minimum tire wear.
For recommended inflation pressure,
refer to “Tire and wheels” in section 8.

All specifications (sizes and pressures)
can be found on a label attached to the
driver’s side center pillar.

• Underinflation also results in

excessive wear, poor handling and
reduced fuel economy. Wheel
deformation also is possible. Keep
your tire pressures at the proper
levels. If a tire frequently needs
refilling, have it checked by an
authorized K900 Kia dealer.

• Overinflation produces a harsh

ride, excessive wear at the center
of the tire tread, and a greater pos-
sibility of damage from road haz-
ards.

OKH073078N

Tire underinflation

Inflate your tire consistent with
the instructions provided in this
manual. Severe under inflation
can lead to severe heat buildup,
causing blowouts, tread separa-
tion and other tire failures that
can result in the loss of vehicle
control. This risk is much higher
on hot days and when driving
for long periods at high speeds.

WARNING

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Maintenance

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• Warm tires normally exceed rec-

ommended cold tire pressures by 4
to 6 psi (28 to 41 kPa). Do not
release air from warm tires to
adjust the pressure or the tires will
be underinflated.

• Be sure to reinstall the tire inflation

valve caps. Without the valve cap,
dirt or moisture could get into the
valve core and cause air leakage. If
a valve cap is missing, install a
new one as soon as possible.

Always observe the following:
• Check tire pressure when the tires

are cold. (After vehicle has been
parked for at least three hours or
hasn't been driven more than one
mile (1.6 km) since startup.)

• Check the pressure of your spare

tire each time you check the pres-
sure of other tires.

• Never overload your vehicle. Be

careful not to overload a vehicle
luggage rack if your vehicle is
equipped with one.

• Worn, old tires can cause acci-

dents. If your tread is badly worn,
or if your tires have been dam-
aged, replace them.

Checking tire inflation pres-
sure

Check your tires once a month or
more.
Also, check the tire pressure of the
spare tire.

How to check

Use a good quality gage to check tire
pressure. You can not tell if your tires
are properly inflated simply by look-
ing at them. Radial tires may look
properly inflated even when they're
underinflated.
Check the tire's inflation pressure
when the tires are cold. - "Cold"
means your vehicle has been sitting
for at least three hours or driven no
more than 1 mile (1.6 km).

Tire Inflation

Overinflation or underinflation
can reduce tire life, adversely
affect vehicle handling, and
lead to sudden tire failure. This
could result in loss of vehicle
control and potential injury.

WARNING

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7-56

Maintenance

Remove the valve cap from the tire
valve stem. Press the tire gage firm-
ly onto the valve to get a pressure
measurement. If the cold tire inflation
pressure matches the recommended
pressure on the tire and loading
information label, no further adjust-
ment is necessary. If the pressure is
low, add air until you reach the rec-
ommended amount.
If you overfill the tire, release air by
pushing on the metal stem in the
center of the tire valve. Recheck the
tire pressure with the tire gage. Be
sure to put the valve caps back on
the valve stems. They help prevent
leaks by keeping out dirt and mois-
ture.

• Inspect your tires frequently for

proper inflation as well as wear and
damage. Always use a tire pres-
sure gauge.

• Tires with too much or too little

pressure wear unevenly causing
poor handling, loss of vehicle con-
trol, and sudden tire failure leading
to accidents, injuries, and even
death. The recommended cold tire
pressure for your vehicle can be
found in this manual and on the tire
label located on the driver's side
center pillar.

✽

NOTICE

Remember to check the pressure of
your spare tire. Kia recommends
that you check the spare every time
you check the pressure of the other
tires on your vehicle.

Tire rotation

To equalize tread wear, it is recom-
mended that the tires be rotated
every 7,500 miles (12,000 km) or
sooner if irregular wear develops.
During rotation, check the tires for
correct balance.
When rotating tires, check for uneven
wear and damage. Abnormal wear is
usually caused by incorrect tire pres-
sure, improper wheel alignment, out-
of-balance wheels, severe braking or
severe cornering. Look for bumps or
bulges in the tread or side of tire.
Replace the tire if you find either of
these conditions. Replace the tire if
fabric or cord is visible. After rotation,
be sure to bring the front and rear tire
pressures to specification and check
lug nut tightness.
Refer to “Tire and wheels” in section 8.

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Disc brake pads should be inspected
for wear whenever tires are rotated.

✽

NOTICE

The front tire size is different from
the rear tire size. So when you rotate
tires, check the tire and wheel size.

Wheel alignment and tire bal-
ance

The wheels on your vehicle were
aligned and balanced carefully at the
factory to give you the longest tire life
and best overall performance.
In most cases, you will not need to
have your wheels aligned again.
However, if you notice unusual tire
wear or your vehicle pulling one way
or the other, the alignment may need
to be reset.
If you notice your vehicle vibrating
when driving on a smooth road, your
wheels may need to be rebalanced.

OBH078040

OBK079038

■

18 inch tire

■

19 inch tire

Mixing Tires

• Do not use the compact spare

tire for tire rotation.

• Do not mix bias ply and radial

ply tires under any circum-
stances. This may cause
unusual handling characteris-
tics that could result in death,
severe injury.

WARNING

Wheel Weight

Improper wheel weights can
damage your vehicle's aluminum
wheels. Use only approved wheel
weights.

CAUTION

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7-58

Maintenance

Tire replacement

If the tire is worn evenly, a tread wear
indicator will appear as a solid band
across the tread. This shows there is
less than 1/16 inch (1.6 mm) of tread
left on the tire. Replace the tire when
this happens.
Do not wait for the band to appear
across the entire tread before replac-
ing the tire.

✽

NOTICE

We recommend that when replacing
tires, use the same originally sup-
plied with the vehicles. If not, that
affects driving performance.

The ABS works by comparing the
speed of the wheels. Tire size can
affect wheel speed. When replacing
tires, all 4 tires must use the same size
originally supplied with the vehicle.
Using tires of a different size can
cause the ABS (Anti-lock Brake
System) and ESC (Electronic Stability
Control) to work irregularly.

OKH073079N

Tread wear indicator

Wheels

Wheels that do not meet Kia’s
specifications may fit poorly
and result in damage to the
vehicle or unusual handling and
poor vehicle control.

CAUTION

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Compact spare tire replacement

A compact spare tire has a shorter
tread life than a regular size tire.
Replace it when you can see the
tread wear indicator bars on the tire.
The replacement compact spare tire
should be the same size and design
tire as the one provided with your
new vehicle and should be mounted
on the same compact spare tire
wheel. The compact spare tire is not
designed to be mounted on a regular
size wheel, and the compact spare
tire wheel is not designed for mount-
ing a regular size tire.

Wheel replacement

When replacing the metal wheels for
any reason, make sure the new
wheels are equivalent to the original
factory units in diameter, rim width
and offset.

✽

NOTICE

The front tire size is different from
the rear tire size. So when you rotate
tires, check the tire and wheel size.

A wheel that is not the correct size
may adversely affect wheel and
bearing life, braking and stopping
abilities, handling characteristics,
ground clearance, body-to-tire clear-
ance, snow chain clearance,
speedometer and odometer calibra-
tion, headlight aim and bumper
height.

Tire traction

Tire traction can be reduced if you
drive on worn tires, tires that are
improperly inflated or on slippery
road surfaces. Tires should be
replaced when tread wear indicators
appear. To reduce the possibility of
losing control, slow down whenever
there is rain, snow or ice on the road.

Tire maintenance

In addition to proper inflation, correct
wheel alignment helps to decrease
tire wear. If you find a tire is worn
unevenly, have your dealer check the
wheel alignment.
When you have new tires installed,
make sure they are balanced. This
will increase vehicle ride comfort and
tire life. Additionally, a tire should
always be rebalanced if it is removed
from the wheel.

The compact spare tire is for
emergency use only. Do not
operate your vehicle on this
compact spare at speeds over
50 mph (80 km/h). The original
tire should be repaired or
replaced as soon as possible to
avoid failure of the spare possi-
bly leading to personal injury or
death.

WARNING

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7-60

Maintenance

Tire sidewall labeling

This information identifies and
describes the fundamental charac-
teristics of the tire and also provides
the tire identification number (TIN)
for safety standard certification. The
TIN can be used to identify the tire in
case of a recall.

1. Manufacturer or brand name

Manufacturer or Brand name is
shown.

2. Tire size designation

A tire’s sidewall is marked with a tire
size designation. You will need this
information when selecting replace-
ment tires for your car. The following
explains what the letters and num-
bers in the tire size designation
mean.
Example tire size designation:
(These numbers are provided as an
example only; your tire size designa-
tor could vary depending on your
vehicle.)
P245/45R19 98V

P-

Applicable vehicle type (tires
marked with the prefix “P’’ are
intended for use on passenger
cars or light trucks; however,
not all tires have this marking).

245 - Tire width in millimeters.
45 - Aspect ratio. The tire’s section

height as a percentage of its
width.

R -

Tire construction code (Radial).

19 - Rim diameter in inches.
98 - Load Index, a numerical code

associated with the maximum
load the tire can carry.

V -

Speed Rating Symbol. See the
speed rating chart in this sec-
tion for additional information.

I030B04JM

1

1

2

3

4

5,6

7

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Wheel size designation

Wheels are also marked with impor-
tant information that you need if you
ever have to replace one. The follow-
ing explains what the letters and
numbers in the wheel size designa-
tion mean.

Example wheel size designation:
8.0JX19

8.0 - Rim width in inches.
J - Rim contour designation.
19 - Rim diameter in inches.

Tire speed ratings

The chart below lists many of the dif-
ferent speed ratings currently being
used for passenger car tires. The
speed rating is part of the tire size
designation on the sidewall of the
tire. This symbol corresponds to that
tire's designed maximum safe oper-
ating speed.

3. Checking tire life (TIN : Tire

Identification Number)

Any tires that are over 6 years old,
based on the manufacturing date,
(including the spare tire) should be
replaced by new ones. You can find
the manufacturing date on the tire
sidewall (possibly on the inside of the
wheel), displaying the DOT Code.
The DOT Code is a series of num-
bers on a tire consisting of numbers
and English letters. The manufactur-
ing date is designated by the last four
digits (characters) of the DOT code.

DOT : XXXX XXXX OOOO
The front part of the DOT means a
plant code number, tire size and
tread pattern and the last four num-
bers indicate week and year manu-
factured.
For example:
DOT XXXX XXXX 1617 represents
that the tire was produced in the 16th
week of 2017.

S

112 mph (180 km/h)

T

118 mph (190 km/h)

H

130 mph (210 km/h)

V

149 mph (240 km/h)

Z

Above 149 mph (240 km/h)

Maximum Speed

Speed

Rating

Symbol

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Maintenance

4. Tire ply composition and mate-

rial

The number of layers or plies of rub-
ber-coated fabric in the tire. Tire
manufacturers also must indicate the
materials in the tire, which include
steel, nylon, polyester, and others.
The letter "R" means radial ply con-
struction; the letter "D" means diago-
nal or bias ply construction; and the
letter "B" means belted-bias ply con-
struction.

5. Maximum permissible inflation

pressure

This number is the greatest amount
of air pressure that should be put in
the tire. Do not exceed the maximum
permissible inflation pressure. Refer
to the Tire and Loading Information
label for recommended inflation
pressure.

6. Maximum load rating

This number indicates the maximum
load in kilograms and pounds that
can be carried by the tire. When
replacing the tires on the vehicle,
always use a tire that has the same
load rating as the factory installed
tire.

7. Uniform tire quality grading

Quality grades can be found where
applicable on the tire sidewall
between tread shoulder and maxi-
mum section width.
For example: TREAD wear 200
TRACTION AA
TEMPERATURE A

Tire age

Replace tires within the recom-
mended time frame. Failure to
replace tires as recommended
can result in sudden tire failure,
which could lead to a loss of
control and an accident.

WARNING

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Tread wear

The tread wear grade is a compara-
tive rating based on the wear rate of
the tire when tested under controlled
conditions on a specified govern-
ment test course. For example, a tire
graded 150 would wear one-and-a-
half times (1½) as well on the gov-
ernment course as a tire graded 100.
The relative performance of tires
depends upon the actual conditions
of their use, however, and may
depart significantly from the norm
due to variations in driving habits,
service practices and differences in
road characteristics and climate.
These grades are molded on the
side-walls of passenger vehicle tires.
The tires available as standard or
optional equipment on your vehicle
may vary with respect to grade.

Traction - AA, A, B & C

The traction grades, from highest to
lowest, are AA, A, B and C. Those
grades represent the tire’s ability to
stop on wet pavement as measured
under controlled conditions on spec-
ified government test surfaces of
asphalt and concrete. A tire marked
C may have poor traction perform-
ance.
The traction grade assigned to this
tire is based on straight-ahead brak-
ing traction tests, and does not
include acceleration, cornering,
hydroplaning, or peak traction char-
acteristics.

Temperature -A, B & C

The temperature grades are A (the
highest), B and C representing the
tire’s resistance to the generation of
heat and its ability to dissipate heat
when tested under controlled condi-
tions on a specified indoor laboratory
test wheel.
Sustained high temperature can
cause the material of the tire to
degenerate and reduce tire life, and
excessive temperature can lead to
sudden tire failure. The grade C cor-
responds to a level of performance
which all passenger car tires must
meet under the Federal Motor
Vehicle Safety Standard No. 109.
Grades B and A represent higher
levels of performance on the labora-
tory test wheel than the minimum
required by law.

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Maintenance

Low aspect ratio tire
(if equipped)

Low aspect ratio tires, whose aspect
ratio is lower than 50, are provided
for sporty looks.
Because the low aspect ratio tires
are optimized for handling and brak-
ing, it may be more uncomfortable to
ride in and there is more noise com-
pare with normal tires.

Tire temperature

The temperature grade for this
tire is established for a tire that
is properly inflated and not
overloaded. Excessive speed,
underinflation, or excessive
loading, either separately or in
combination, can cause heat
build-up and possible sudden
tire failure. This can cause loss
of vehicle control and serious
injury or death.

WARNING

Because the sidewall of the low
aspect ratio tire is shorter than
the normal, the wheel and tire of
the low aspect ratio tire is easi-
er to be damaged. So, follow the
instructions below.
• When driving on a rough road

or off road, drive cautiously
because tires and wheels may
be damaged. And after driv-
ing, inspect tires and wheels.

• When passing over a pothole,

speed bump, manhole, or
curb stone, drive slowly so
that the tires and wheels are
not damaged.

• If the tire is impacted, inspect

the tire condition or contact an
authorized K900 Kia dealer.

• To prevent damage to the tire,

inspect the tire condition and
pressure every 1,800 miles
(3,000 km).

CAUTION

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• It is not easy to recognize the tire

damage with your own eyes. But if
there is the slightest hint of tire
damage, even though you cannot
see the tire damage with your own
eyes, have the tire checked or
replaced because the tire damage
may cause air leakage from the
tire.

• If the tire is damaged by driving on

a rough road, off road, pothole,
manhole, or curb stone, it will not
be covered by the warranty.

• You can find out the tire information

on the tire sidewall.

Tire terminology and defini-
tions

Air Pressure: The amount of air
inside the tire pressing outward on
the tire. Air pressure is expressed in
pounds per square inch (psi) or kilo-
pascal (kPa).
Accessory Weight: This means the
combined weight of optional acces-
sories. Some examples of optional
accessories are, automatic transmis-
sion, power seats, and air condition-
ing.
Aspect Ratio: The relationship of a
tire's height to its width.
Belt: A rubber coated layer of cords
that is located between the plies and
the tread. Cords may be made from
steel or other reinforcing materials.
Bead: The tire bead contains steel
wires wrapped by steel cords that
hold the tire onto the rim.
Bias Ply Tire: A pneumatic tire in
which the plies are laid at alternate
angles less than 90 degrees to the
centerline of the tread.

Cold Tire Pressure: The amount of
air pressure in a tire, measured in
pounds per square inch (psi) or kilo-
pascals (kPa) before a tire has built
up heat from driving.
Curb Weight: This means the weight
of a motor vehicle with standard and
optional equipment including the
maximum capacity of fuel, oil and
coolant, but without passengers and
cargo.
DOT Markings: A code molded into
the sidewall of a tire signifying that
the tire is in compliance with the U.S.
Department of Transportation motor
vehicle safety standards. The DOT
code includes the Tire Identification
Number (TIN), an alphanumeric des-
ignator which can also identify the
tire manufacturer, production plant,
brand and date of production.
GVWR: Gross Vehicle Weight Rating
GAWR FRT: Gross Axle Weight
Rating for the Front Axle.
GAWR RR: Gross Axle Weight
Rating for the Rear axle.

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Maintenance

Intended Outboard Sidewall: The
side of an asymmetrical tire, that
must always face outward when
mounted on a vehicle.
Kilopascal (kPa): The metric unit for
air pressure.
Light truck(LT) tire: A tire designat-
ed by its manufacturer as primarily
intended for use on lightweight trucks
or multipurpose passenger vehicles.
Load ratings: The maximum load
that a tire is rated to carry for a given
inflation pressure.
Load Index: An assigned number
ranging from 1 to 279 that corre-
sponds to the load carrying capacity
of a tire.
Maximum Inflation Pressure: The
maximum air pressure to which a
cold tire may be inflated. The maxi-
mum air pressure is molded onto the
sidewall.

Maximum Load Rating: The load rat-
ing for a tire at the maximum permissi-
ble inflation pressure for that tire.
Maximum Loaded Vehicle Weight:
The sum of curb weight; accessory
weight; vehicle capacity weight; and
production options weight.
Normal Occupant Weight: The
number of occupants a vehicle is
designed to seat multiplied by 150
pounds (68 kg).
Occupant Distribution: Designated
seating positions.
Outward Facing Sidewall: The side
of a asymmetrical tire that has a par-
ticular side that faces outward when
mounted on a vehicle. The outward
facing sidewall bears white lettering
or bears manufacturer, brand, and/or
model name molding that is higher or
deeper than the same moldings on
the inner facing sidewall.
Passenger (P-Metric) Tire: A tire
used on passenger cars and some
light duty trucks and multipurpose
vehicles.

Ply: A layer of rubber-coated parallel
cords
Pneumatic tire: A mechanical
device made of rubber, chemicals,
fabric and steel or other materials,
that, when mounted on an automo-
tive wheel, provides the traction and
contains the gas or fluid that sustains
the load.
Production options weight: The
combined weight of installed regular
production options weighing over 5
lb.(2.3 kg) in excess of the standard
items which they replace, not previ-
ously considered in curb weight or
accessory weight, including heavy
duty brakes, ride levelers, roof rack,
heavy duty battery, and special trim.
Recommended Inflation Pressure:
Vehicle manufacturer's recommend-
ed tire inflation pressure and shown
on the tire placard.
Radial Ply Tire: A pneumatic tire in
which the ply cords that extend to the
beads are laid at 90 degrees to the
centerline of the tread.

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Rim: A metal support for a tire and
upon which the tire beads are seat-
ed.
Sidewall: The portion of a tire
between the tread and the bead.
Speed Rating: An alphanumeric
code assigned to a tire indicating the
maximum speed at which a tire can
operate.
Traction: The friction between the
tire and the road surface. The
amount of grip provided.
Tread: The portion of a tire that
comes into contact with the road.
Treadwear Indicators: Narrow
bands, sometimes called "wear
bars," that show across the tread of a
tire when only 2/32 inch of tread
remains.
UTQGS:

Uniform Tire Quality

Grading Standards, a tire information
system that provides consumers with
ratings for a tire's traction, tempera-
ture and treadwear. Ratings are
determined by tire manufacturers
using government testing proce-
dures. The ratings are molded into
the sidewall of the tire.

Vehicle Capacity Weight: The num-
ber of designated seating positions
multiplied by 150 lbs. (68 kg) plus the
rated cargo and luggage load.
Vehicle Maximum Load on the
Tire: Load on an individual tire due
to curb and accessory weight plus
maximum occupant and cargo
weight.
Vehicle Normal Load on the Tire:
Load on an individual tire that is
determined by distributing to each
axle its share of the curb weight,
accessory weight, and normal occu-
pant weight and dividing by 2.
Vehicle Placard: A label permanent-
ly attached to a vehicle showing the
original equipment tire size and rec-
ommended inflation pressure.

All season tires

Kia specifies all season tires on
some models to provide good per-
formance for use all year round,
including snowy and icy road condi-
tions. All season tires are identified
by ALL SEASON and/or M+S (Mud
and Snow) on the tire sidewall. Snow
tires have better snow traction than
all season tires and may be more
appropriate in some areas.

Summer tires

Kia specifies summer tires on some
models to provide superior perform-
ance on dry roads. Summer tire per-
formance is substantially reduced in
snow and ice. Summer tires do not
have the tire traction rating M+S
(Mud and Snow) on the tire side wall.
If you plan to operate your vehicle in
snowy or icy conditions, Kia recom-
mends the use of snow tires or all
season tires on all four wheels.

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