KIA Forte 5 / Forte Koup (2018 year). Manual — part 31

Maintenance

30

7

Vacuum crankcase ventilation
hoses

Inspect the surface of hoses for evi-
dence of heat and/or mechanical
damage. Hard and brittle rubber,
cracking, tears, cuts, abrasions, and
excessive swelling indicate deterio-
ration. Particular attention should be
paid to examine those hose surfaces
nearest to high heat sources, such
as the exhaust manifold.
Inspect the hose routing to assure
that the hoses do not come in con-
tact with any heat source, sharp
edges or moving component which
might cause heat damage or
mechanical wear. Inspect all hose
connections, such as clamps and
couplings, to make sure they are
secure, and that no leaks are pres-
ent. Hoses should be replaced
immediately if there is any evidence
of deterioration or damage.

Air cleaner filter

A Genuine Kia air cleaner filter is
recommended when the filter is
replaced.

Spark plugs

Make sure to install new spark plugs
of the correct heat range.

Cooling system

Check cooling system components,
such as radiator, coolant reservoir,
hoses and connections for leakage
and damage. Replace any damaged
parts.

Coolant

The coolant should be changed at
the intervals specified in the mainte-
nance schedule.

Manual transaxle fluid
(if equipped)

Inspect the manual transaxle fluid
according to the maintenance sched-
ule.

Valve clearance (if equipped)

Inspect excessive valve noise and/or
engine vibration and adjust if neces-
sary. An authorized Kia dealer
should perform the operation.

7 31

Maintenance

Automatic transaxle fluid
(if equipped)

Automatic transaxle fluid should not
be checked under normal usage
conditions.
But in severe conditions, the fluid
should be changed at an authorized
Kia dealer in accordance to the
scheduled maintenance at the begin-
ning of this chapter.

✽

✽

NOTICE

Automatic transaxle fluid color is
basically red.
As the vehicle is driven, the auto-
matic transaxle fluid will begin to
look darker.
It is normal condition and you
should not judge the need to replace
the fluid based upon the changed
color.

Brake hoses and lines

Visually check for proper installation,
chafing, cracks, deterioration and
any leakage. Replace any deteriorat-
ed or damaged parts immediately.

Brake/clutch fluid

Check brake fluid level in the brake
fluid reservoir. The level should be
between “MIN” and “MAX” marks on
the side of the reservoir. Use only
hydraulic brake fluid conforming to
DOT 3 or DOT 4 specification.

Parking brake

Inspect the parking brake system
including the parking brake pedal
and cables.

Brake discs, pads, calipers
and rotors

Check the pads for excessive wear,
discs for run out and wear, and
calipers for fluid leakage.

Maintenance

32

7

Exhaust pipe and muffler

Visually inspect the exhaust pipes,
muffler and hangers for cracks, dete-
rioration, or damage. Start the
engine and listen carefully for any
exhaust gas leakage. Tighten con-
nections or replace parts as neces-
sary.

Suspension mounting bolts

Check the suspension connections
for looseness or damage. Retighten
to the specified torque.

Dual clutch transmission Fluid

Inspect the dual clutch transmission
fluid according to the maintenance
schedule.

Steering gear box, linkage &
boots/lower arm ball joint

With the vehicle stopped and engine
off, check for excessive free-play in
the steering wheel.
Check the linkage for bends or dam-
age. Check the dust boots and ball
joints for deterioration, cracks, or
damage. Replace any damaged
parts.

Drive shafts and boots

Check the drive shafts, boots and
clamps for cracks, deterioration, or
damage. Replace any damaged
parts and, if necessary, repack the
grease.

Air conditioning refrigerant

Check the air conditioning lines and
connections for leakage and dam-
age.

When checking engine oil, engine
coolant, brake fluid, and washer fluid,
always be sure to clean the area
around any filler plug, drain plug, or
dipstick before checking or draining
any lubricant or fluid. This is espe-
cially important in dusty or sandy
areas and when the vehicle is used
on unpaved roads. Cleaning the plug
and dipstick areas will prevent dirt
and grit from entering the engine and
other mechanisms that could be
damaged.

CHECKING FLUID LEVELS

7 33

Maintenance

ENGINE OIL

Checking the engine oil level

1. Be sure the vehicle is on level

ground.

2. Start the engine and allow it to

reach normal operating tempera-
ture.

3. Turn the engine off and wait for a

few minutes (about 5 minutes) for
the oil to return to the oil pan.

4. Pull the dipstick out, wipe it clean,

and reinsert it fully.

5. Pull the dipstick out again and

check the level. The level should
be between F and L.

WARNING -

Radiator
hose

Be very careful not to touch the
radiator hose when checking or
adding the engine oil as it may
be hot enough to burn you.

CAUTION

- Replace

engine oil

Do not overfill with engine oil.
Engine damage may result.

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Maintenance

34

7

If it is near or at L, add enough oil to
bring the level to F. Do not overfill.

Use a funnel to help prevent oil
from being spilled on engine com-
ponents.

Use only the specified engine oil.
(Refer to “Recommended lubricants
and capacities” in section 8.)

Changing the engine oil and
filter

Have engine oil and filter changed by
an authorized Kia dealer according
to the Maintenance Schedule at the
beginning of this chapter.

WARNING

Used engine oil may cause irri-
tation or cancer of the skin if
left in contact with the skin for
prolonged periods of time.
Always protect your skin by
washing your hands thoroughly
with soap and warm water as
soon as possible after handling
used oil.

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7 35

Maintenance

ENGINE COOLANT

The high-pressure cooling system
has a reservoir filled with year-round
antifreeze coolant. The reservoir is
filled at the factory.
Check the antifreeze protection and
coolant level at least once a year, at
the beginning of the winter season,
and before traveling to a colder cli-
mate.

Checking the coolant level

Check the condition and connections
of all cooling system hoses and
heater hoses. Replace any swollen
or deteriorated hoses.
The coolant level should be filled
between F (MAX) and L (MIN) marks
on the side of the coolant reservoir
when the engine is cool.
If the coolant level is low, add enough
specified coolant or distilled (deion-
ized) water to provide protection
against freezing and corrosion. Bring
the level to F (MAX), but do not over-
fill. If frequent coolant addition is
required, see an authorized Kia deal-
er for a cooling system inspection.

Recommended engine coolant

• When adding coolant, use only

deionized water or soft water for
your vehicle and never mix hard
water in the coolant filled at the fac-
tory. An improper coolant mixture
can result in serious malfunction or
engine damage.

• The engine in your vehicle has alu-

minum engine parts and must be
protected by an ethylene-glycol
with phosphate based coolant to
prevent corrosion and freezing.

• DO NOT USE alcohol or methanol

coolant or mix them with the spec-
ified coolant.

• Do not use a solution that contains

more than 60% antifreeze or less
than 35% antifreeze, which would
reduce the effectiveness of the
solution.

WARNING

- Cooling fan

Use caution when
working near the
blade of the cooling
fan.

The electric

motor (cooling fan) is

controlled by engine coolant
temperature, refrigerant pres-
sure and vehicle speed. It may
sometimes operate even when
the engine is not running.

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Maintenance

36

7

CAUTION

- Removing

radiator cap

Never attempt to
remove the radiator
cap while the engine
is operating or hot.
Doing so might lead
to cooling system and
engine damage.

For mixture percentage, refer to the
following table.

-15°C (5°F)

35

65

-25°C (-13°F)

40

60

-35°C (-31°F)

50

50

-45°C (-49°F)

60

40

Ambient

Temperature

Mixture Percentage (volume)

Antifreeze

Water

WARNING

Radiator cap

Do not remove the radiator cap
when the engine and radiator
are hot. Scalding hot coolant
and steam may blow out under
pressure.

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7 37

Maintenance

Turn the engine off and wait until it
cools down. Use care when remov-
ing the radiator cap. Wrap a thick
towel around it, and turn it counter-
clockwise slowly to the first stop.
Step back while the pressure is
released from the cooling system.
When you are sure all the pressure
has been released, press down on
the cap, using a thick towel, and con-
tinue turning counterclockwise to
remove it.

Changing the coolant

Have the coolant changed by an
authorized Kia dealer according to
the Maintenance Schedule at the
beginning of this section.

Maintenance

38

7

BRAKE/CLUTCH (IF EQUIPPED) FLUID

Checking the brake/clutch*
fluid level

Check the fluid level in the reservoir
periodically. The fluid level should be
between MAX and MIN marks on the
side of the reservoir.
Before removing the reservoir cap
and adding brake/clutch* fluid, clean
the area around the reservoir cap
thoroughly to prevent brake/clutch*
fluid contamination.

* if equipped

If the level is low, add fluid to the
MAX level. The level will fall with
accumulated mileage. This is a nor-
mal condition associated with the
wear of the brake linings and/or
clutch disc (if equipped). If the fluid
level is excessively low, have the
brake/clutch* system checked by an
authorized Kia dealer.

Use only the specified brake/clutch*
fluid. (Refer to “Recommended lubri-
cants and capacities” in chapter 8.)

Never mix different types of fluid.

In the event the brake/clutch* system
requires frequent additions of fluid,
the vehicle should be inspected by
an authorized Kia dealer.
When changing and adding
brake/clutch* fluid, handle it carefully.
Do not let it come in contact with
your eyes. If brake/clutch* fluid
should come in contact with your
eyes, immediately flush them with a
large quantity of fresh tap water.
Have your eyes examined by a doc-
tor as soon as possible.

Brake/clutch* fluid, which has been
exposed to open air for an extended
time should never be used as its
quality cannot be guaranteed. It
should be disposed of properly.

CAUTION

- Brake/clutch

fluid

Do not allow brake/clutch* fluid
to contact the vehicle's body
paint, as paint damage will
result.

CAUTION

- Proper fluid

Only use brake/clutch fluid in
brake/clutch system.

Small

amounts of improper fluids
(such as engine oil) can cause
damage to the brake/clutch sys-
tem.

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7 39

Maintenance

WASHER FLUID

Checking the washer fluid
level

Check the fluid level in the washer
fluid reservoir and add fluid if neces-
sary. Plain water may be used if
washer fluid is not available.
However, use washer solvent with
antifreeze characteristics in cold cli-
mates to prevent freezing.

Checking the parking brake

Check the stroke of the parking
brake by counting the number of
“clicks’’ heard while fully applying it
from the released position. Also, the
parking brake alone should securely
hold the vehicle on a fairly steep
grade. If the stroke is more or less
than specified, have the parking
brake adjusted by an authorized Kia
dealer.

Stroke : 6~8 “clicks’’ at a force of 20

kg (44 lbs, 196 N).

WARNING

- Windshield

fluid

Do not drink the windshield
washer fluid. The windshield
washer fluid is poisonous to
humans and animals.

WARNING

- Coolant

• Do not use radiator coolant or

antifreeze in the washer fluid
reservoir.

• Radiator coolant can severely

obscure visibility when sprayed
on the windshield and may
cause loss of vehicle control.

WARNING

- Flammable

fluid

Do not allow the washer fluid to
come in contact with open
flames or sparks.The windshield
washer fluid reservoir is flamma-
ble under certain circumstances.
This can result in a fire.

OMD070007

OYDDDR2105

PARKING BRAKE

Maintenance

40

7

AIR CLEANER

Filter replacement

It must be replaced when necessary,
and should not be washed.
You can clean the filter when inspect-
ing the air cleaner element.
Clean the filter by using compressed
air.

1. Loosen the air cleaner cover

attaching clips and open the cover.

2. Wipe the inside of the air cleaner.
3. Replace the air cleaner filter.
4. Lock the cover with the cover

attaching clips.

OMD070011

OMD070012

OMD070010

7 41

Maintenance

Replace the filter according to the
Maintenance Schedule.
If the vehicle is operated in extreme-
ly dusty or sandy areas, replace the
element more often than the usual
recommended intervals. (Refer to
“Maintenance under severe usage
conditions” in this chapter.)

CAUTION -

Air filter
maintenance

• Do not drive with the air clean-

er removed; this will result in
excessive engine wear.

• When removing the air cleaner

filter, be careful that dust or
dirt does not enter the air
intake, or damage may result.

• Use a Kia genuine part. Use of

nongenuine part could dam-
age the air flow sensor.

Maintenance

42

7

CLIMATE CONTROL AIR FILTER (IF EQUIPPED)

Filter inspection

The climate control air filter should
be replaced according to the
Maintenance Schedule. If the vehicle
is operated in severely air-polluted
cities or on dusty rough roads for a
long period, it should be inspected
more frequently and replaced earlier.
When you replace the climate control
air filter, replace it performing the fol-
lowing procedure, and be careful to
avoid damaging other components.

Filter replacement

1. Open the glove box and pull the

support strap (1).

2. With the glove box open, remove

the stoppers on both sides.

OYDDMC2005

OYDDMC2006

7 43

Maintenance

3. Remove the climate control air fil-

ter case by pulling out both sides
of the cover.

4. Replace the climate control air fil-

ter.

5. Reassemble in the reverse order

of disassembly.

When replacing the climate control
air filter install it properly. Otherwise,
the system may produce noise and
the effectiveness of the filter may be
reduced.

OMG079027

OYDDMC2007

Maintenance

44

7

WIPER BLADES

Blade inspection

Commercial hot waxes applied by
automatic car washes have been
known to make the windshield diffi-
cult to clean.

Contamination of either the wind-
shield or the wiper blades with for-
eign matter can reduce the effective-
ness of the windshield wipers.
Common sources of contamination
are insects, tree sap, and hot wax
treatments used by some commer-
cial car washes. If the blades are not
wiping properly, clean both the win-
dow and the blades with a good
cleaner or mild detergent, and rinse
thoroughly with clean water.

Blade replacement

When the wipers no longer clean
adequately, the blades may be worn
or cracked, and require replacement.
To prevent damage to the wiper arms
or other components, do not attempt
to move the wipers manually.
The use of a non-specified wiper
blade could result in wiper malfunc-
tion and failure.

1JBA5122

CAUTION

- Wiper blades

To prevent damage to the wiper
blades, do not use gasoline,
kerosene, paint thinner, or other
solvents on or near them.

7 45

Maintenance

Front windshield wiper blade

Type A

1. Raise the wiper arm and turn the

wiper blade assembly to expose
the plastic locking clip.

2. Compress the clip (1) and slide

the blade assembly downward (2).

3. Lift it off the arm.
4. Install the blade assembly in the

reverse order of removal.

Type B

1. Raise the wiper arm.

1LDA5023

CAUTION -

Wiper arms

Do not allow the wiper arm to
fall against the windshield,
since it may chip or crack the
windshield.

1JBA7037

1JBA7038

OHM078059