KIA K2500 (2017 year). Manual — part 12
Driving tips
WARNING - Driving under
the influence of alcohol or
drugs
1
Drinking and driving is danger-
ous. Drunk driving is the num-
2
ber one contributor to the high-
way death toll each year. Even a
small amount of alcohol will
3
affect your reflexes, perceptions
and judgement.
You are much more likely to
4
have a serious accident if you
drink and drive.
5
If you are drinking or taking
drugs, don’t drive. Do not ride
with a driver who has been
6
drinking or taking drugs.
Choose a designated driver or
7
call a cab.
Driving while under the influ-
ence of drugs is as dangerous
8
or more dangerous than driving
drunk.
9
5 7
Driving tips
SUGGESTIONS FOR ECONOMICAL OPERATION
Your vehicle's fuel economy depends
•
Do not use the air conditioner
• Open windows at high speeds can
mainly on your style of driving, where
unnecessarily.
reduce fuel economy.
you drive and when you drive.
•
Slow down when driving on rough
• Fuel economy is less in crosswinds
1
Each of these factors affects how
roads.
and headwinds. To help offset
many kilometers (miles) you can get
some of this loss, slow down when
•
For longer tire life and better fuel
from a liter (gallon) of fuel. To operate
driving in these conditions.
economy, always keep the tires
2
your vehicle as economically as pos-
inflated to the recommended pres-
sible, use the following driving sug-
sures.
Keeping a vehicle in good operating
gestions to help save money in both
3
•
Maintain a safe distance from other
condition is important both for econ-
fuel and repairs:
vehicles to avoid sudden stops.
omy and safety. Therefore, we rec-
•
Avoid lengthy warm-up idling.
This will reduce wear on brake lin-
ommend that the system be serviced
4
Once the engine is running
ings and pads. Driving in such a
by an authorized Kia dealer.
smoothly,
begin
driving.
way will also save fuel because
Remember, engine warm-up may
extra fuel is required to accelerate
5
take a little longer on cold days.
WARNING - Engine off
back to driving speed.
•
Save fuel by accelerating slowly
during motion
•
Do not carry unnecessary weight
6
after stopping.
in the vehicle.
Never turn the engine off to
•
Keep the engine in tune and follow
coast down hills or anytime the
•
Do not rest your foot on the brake
the recommended periodic mainte-
vehicle is in motion. The power
7
pedal while driving. This can cause
nance schedule. This will increase
steering and power brakes will
needless wear, possible damage
the life of all parts and lower your
not function without the engine
to the brakes, and poor fuel econo-
8
operating costs.
running. Instead, keep the
my.
engine on and downshift to an
•
Improper wheel alignment results
appropriate gear for engine
in faster tire wear and lower fuel
9
braking effect.
economy.
5 8
Driving tips
SPECIAL DRIVING CONDITIONS
Hazardous driving conditions
Rocking the vehicle
WARNING - Spinning tires
When hazardous driving conditions
If it is necessary to rock the vehicle
Do not spin the wheels, espe-
are encountered such as water,
to free it from snow, sand, or mud,
cially at speeds more than 56
1
snow, ice, mud, sand, or similar haz-
first turn the steering wheel right and
km/h (35 mph). Spinning the
ards, follow these suggestions:
left to clear the area around your
wheels at high speeds when the
front wheels. Then, shift back and
•
Drive cautiously and allow extra
2
vehicle is stationary could
forth between
1
(First) and R
distance for braking.
cause a tire to overheat, explode
(Reverse). Do not race the engine,
•
Avoid sudden movements in brak-
and injure bystanders.
and spin the wheels as little as pos-
3
ing or steering.
sible. If you are still stuck after a few
•
When braking, pump the brake
tries, have the vehicle pulled out by a
pedal with a light up-and-down
tow vehicle to avoid engine overheat-
4
motion until the vehicle is stopped.
ing and possible damage to the
•
If stalled in snow, mud, or sand,
transmission.
5
use second gear. Accelerate slow-
ly to avoid spinning the drive
✽ NOTICE
wheels.
6
Prolonged rocking may cause engine
•
Use sand, rock salt, tire chains, or
over-heating, transmission damage
other non-slip material under the
or failure, and tire damage.
7
drive wheels to provide traction
when stalled in ice, snow, or mud.
8
9
5 9
Driving tips
Driving at night
Driving in the rain
Driving in flooded areas
Because night driving presents more
Rain and wet roads can make driving
Avoid driving through flooded areas
hazards than driving in the daylight,
dangerous, especially if you’re not pre-
unless you are sure the water is no
1
here are some important tips to
pared for the slick pavement. Here are
higher than the bottom of the wheel
remember:
a few things to consider when driving
hub. Drive through any water slowly.
in the rain:
Allow adequate stopping distance
2
•
Slow down and keep more dis-
•
A heavy rainfall will make it harder to
because brake performance may be
tance between you and other vehi-
see and will increase the distance
affected. After driving through water,
cles, as it may be more difficult to
needed to stop your vehicle, so slow
dry the brakes by gently applying
3
see at night, especially in areas
down.
them several times while the vehicle
where there may not be any street
is moving slowly.
lights.
•
Keep your windshield wiping equip-
4
ment in good shape. Replace your
•
Adjust your mirrors to reduce the
windshield wiper blades when they
glare from other driver's head-
Driving off-road
show signs of streaking or missing
5
lights.
areas on the windshield.
Drive carefully off-road because your
•
Keep your headlights clean and
vehicle may be damaged by rocks of
•
If your tires are not in good condi-
properly aimed on vehicles not
roots or trees. Become familiar with
6
tion, making a quick stop on wet
equipped with the automatic head-
the off-road conditions where you
pavement can cause a skid and
light aiming feature. Dirty or
are going to drive before you begin
possibly lead to an accident. Be sure
7
improperly aimed headlights will
driving.
your tires are in good shape.
make it much more difficult to see
•
Turn on your headlights to make it
at night.
8
easier for others to see you.
•
Avoid staring directly at the head-
•
Driving too fast through large pud-
lights of oncoming vehicles. You
dles can affect your brakes. If you
could be temporarily blinded, and it
9
must go through puddles, try to drive
will take several seconds for your
through them slowly.
eyes to readjust to the darkness.
•
If you believe you may have gotten
your brakes wet, apply them lightly
while driving until normal braking
operation returns.
5
10
Driving tips
Winter driving
Snow tires
WARNING - Snow tire
•
We recommend that you carry
If you mount snow tires on your Kia,
size
emergency equipment, including
make sure they are radial tires of the
same size and load range as the
Snow tires should be equivalent
1
tire chains, a window scraper,
windshield de-icer, a bag of sand
original tires. Mount snow tires on all
in size and type to the vehicle's
four wheels to balance your vehicle’s
standard tires. Otherwise, the
or salt, flares, a small shovel and
2
jumper cables.
handling in all weather conditions.
safety and handling of your
Keep in mind that the traction provid-
vehicle may be adversely affect-
•
Make sure you have sufficient eth-
ed by snow tires on dry roads may
ed.
ylene-glycol coolant in the radiator.
3
not be as high as your vehicle's orig-
•
Check the battery condition and
inal equipment tires. You should drive
cables. Cold temperatures reduce
Do not install studded tires without
cautiously even when the roads are
4
the capacity of any battery, so it
clear. Check with the tire dealer for
first checking local, state and munic-
must be in excellent condition to
ipal regulations for possible restric-
maximum speed recommendations.
provide enough winter starting
tions against their use.
5
power.
•
Make sure the engine oil viscosity
6
is suitable for cold weather.
•
Check the ignition system for loose
connections and damage.
7
•
Use antifreeze-formulated wind-
shield washer fluid. (Do not use
8
engine coolant antifreeze.)
•
Do not use the parking brake if it
might freeze. When parking, shift
9
to
1 (First) or R
(Reverse) and
block the rear wheels.
5 11
Driving tips
Tire chains
✽ NOTICE
Chain installation
Since the sidewalls of radial tires are
•
Make sure the snow chains are the
When installing chains, follow the
thinner, they can be damaged by
correct size and type for your
manufacturer's instructions and
1
mounting some types of snow chains
tires. Incorrect snow chains can
mount them as tightly as you can.
on them. Therefore, the use of snow
cause damage to the vehicle body
Drive slowly with chains installed. If
tires is recommended instead of
and suspension and may not be
you hear the chains contacting the
2
snow chains. Do not mount tire
covered by your vehicle manufac-
body or chassis, stop and tighten
chains on vehicles equipped with
turer warranty. Also, the snow
them. If they still make contact, slow
aluminum wheels, snow chains may
chain connecting hooks may be
down until it stops. Remove the
3
cause damage to the wheels. If snow
damaged from contacting vehicle
chains as soon as you begin driving
chains must be used, use wire-type
components causing the snow
on cleared roads.
4
chains with a thickness of less than
chains to come loose from the tire.
15 mm (0.59 in). Damage to your
Make sure the snow chains are
WARNING
vehicle caused by improper snow
SAE class “S” certified.
5
chain use is not covered by your
- Mounting chains
•
Always check chain installation
vehicle manufacturers warranty.
for proper mounting after driving
When mounting snow chains,
Install them only on the rear tires.
approximately 0.5 to 1 km (0.3 to
park the vehicle on level ground
6
0.6 miles) to ensure safe mounting.
away from traffic. Turn on the
Retighten or remount the chains if
vehicle Hazard Warning flashers
7
they are loose.
and place a triangular emer-
gency warning device behind
the vehicle if available. Always
8
apply the parking brake and
turn off the engine before
installing snow chains.
9
5 12
Driving tips
TRAILER TOWING - FOR EUROPE ONLY (FOR 1 TON ONLY)
✽ NOTICE - For Europe
WARNING - Tire chains
WARNING - Towing a
•
The technically permissible maxi-
•
The use of chains may
trailer
mum load on the rear axle(s) may
adversely affect vehicle han-
If you don't use the correct
be exceeded by not more than 15
1
dling.
equipment and drive properly,
% and the technically permissible
•
Do not exceed 30 km/h (20
you can lose control when you
maximum laden mass of the vehi-
2
mph) or the chain manufactur-
pull a trailer. For example, if the
cle may be exceeded by not more
er’s recommended speed
trailer is too heavy, the brakes
than 10 % or 100 kg (220.4 lbs),
limit, whichever is lower.
may not work well - or even at
whichever value is lower. In this
3
all. You and your passengers
case, do not exceed 100 km/h (62.1
•
Drive carefully and avoid
could be seriously or fatally
mph) for vehicle of category M1 or
bumps, holes, sharp turns,
injured. Pull a trailer only if you
80 km/h (49.7 mph) for vehicle of
4
and other road hazards, which
have followed all the steps in
category N1.
may cause the vehicle to
this section.
•
When towing a trailer, the addi-
bounce.
5
tional load imposed at the trailer
•
Avoid sharp turns or locked-
coupling device may cause the
wheel braking.
rear tire maximum load ratings to
6
•
Chains that are the wrong size
be exceeded, but not by more than
or improperly installed can
15%. In such a case, do not exceed
damage your vehicle's brake
100km/h, and the rear tire pres-
7
lines, suspension, body and
sure should be at least 20 kPa(0.2
wheels.
bar) above the tire pressure(s) as
8
•
Stop driving and retighten the
recommended for normal use (i.e.
chains any time you hear them
without a trailer attached).
hitting the vehicle.
9
5 13
Driving tips
For Europe only
Engine
2.5L Engine
2.7L Engine
1
Item
Without brake
2
700 (1,543)
700 (1,543)
Maximum trailer weight
System
kg (Ibs.)
With brake
3
1,400 (3,086)
1,400 (3,086)
System
Maximum permissible
4
static vertical load on
56 (124)
56 (124)
the coupling device
5
kg (Ibs.)
6
7
8
9
5 14
Driving tips
■
2.5L/2.7L Engine
Your vehicle can tow a trailer. To
Load-pulling components such as
identify what the vehicle trailering
the engine, transmission, wheel
capacity is for your vehicle, you
assemblies, and tires are forced to
should read the information in
work harder against the load of the
1
“Weight of the Trailer” that appears
added weight. The engine is required
later in this section.
to operate at relatively higher speeds
4.4WL
and under greater loads. This addi-
2
C
Remember that trailering is different
tional burden generates extra heat.
D
than just driving your vehicle by itself.
The trailer also adds considerably to
2WL
Trailering means changes in han-
3
wind resistance, increasing the
dling, durability, and fuel economy.
pulling requirements.
A
B
Successful, safe trailering requires
44TL
correct equipment, and it has to be
4
used properly.
E
This section contains many time-
5
tested, important trailering tips and
safety rules. Many of these are
important for your safety and that of
6
F
your passengers. Please read this
section carefully before you pull a
trailer.
7
Collar
E
8
6-M12 bolt
9
Dimensions : mm (in)
A : 165 (6.50)
D : 165 (6.50)
B : 70 (2.76)
E : 50 (1.97)
C : 55 (2.17)
F : 880 (34.65)
1PUC5001
5 15
Driving tips
If you do decide to pull a trailer
Weight of the trailer
Weight of the trailer tongue
Here are some important points if
How heavy can a trailer safely be? It
The tongue load of any trailer is an
you decide to pull a trailer:
should never weigh more than the
important weight to measure
1
maximum trailer weight with trailer
because it affects the total gross
•
Consider using a sway control. You
brakes. But even that can be too
vehicle weight (GVW) of your vehi-
can ask a hitch dealer about sway
heavy.
cle. This weight includes the curb
2
control.
weight of the vehicle, any cargo you
It depends on how you plan to use
•
After your odometer indicates 800
your trailer. For example, speed, alti-
may carry in it, and the people who
km (500 miles) or more, you can
will be riding in the vehicle. And if you
3
tude, road grades, outside tempera-
tow a trailer. For the first 800 km
ture and how much your vehicle is
will tow a trailer, you must add the
(500 miles) that you tow a trailer,
tongue load to the GVW because
used to pull a trailer are all important.
don’t drive over 80 km/h (50 mph)
4
The ideal trailer weight can also
your vehicle will also be carrying that
and don’t make starts at full throt-
weight.
depend on any special equipment
tle. This helps your engine and
that you have on your vehicle.
After you've loaded your trailer,
5
other parts of your vehicle “wear” in
weigh the trailer and then the tongue,
at the heavier loads.
separately, to see if the weights are
•
Always drive your vehicle at a mod-
proper. If they aren’t, you may be
6
erate speed (less than 100 km/h).
able to correct them simply by mov-
•
The important considerations have
ing some items around in the trailer.
7
to do with weight:
8
9
5 16
Driving tips
Hitches
Safety chains
WARNING
It's important to have the correct
You should always attach chains
•
Never load a trailer with more
hitch equipment. Crosswinds, large
between your vehicle and your trail-
weight in the rear than in the
trucks going by, and rough roads are
er. Cross the safety chains under the
1
front. The front should be
a few reasons why you’ll need the
tongue of the trailer so that the
loaded with approximately
right hitch. Here are some rules to
tongue will not drop to the road if it
60% of the total trailer load;
follow:
becomes separated from the hitch.
2
the rear should be loaded with
• Will you have to make any holes in
Instructions about safety chains may
approximately 40% of the total
the body of your vehicle when you
be provided by the hitch manufactur-
3
trailer load.
install a trailer hitch? If you do, then
er or by the trailer manufacturer.
•
Never exceed the maximum
be sure to seal the holes later
Follow the manufacturer’s recom-
weight limits of the trailer or
when you remove the hitch.
mendation for attaching safety
4
trailer towing equipment.
chains. Always leave just enough
If you don’t seal them, deadly car-
Improper loading can result in
slack so you can turn with your trail-
bon monoxide
(CO) from your
5
damage to your vehicle and/or
er. And, never allow safety chains to
exhaust can get into your vehicle,
personal
injury.
Check
drag on the ground.
as well as dirt and water.
weights and loading at a com-
6
• The bumpers on your vehicle are
mercial scale or highway
not intended for hitches. Do not
patrol office equipped with
attach rental hitches or other
scales.
7
bumper-type hitches to them. Use
•
An improperly loaded trailer
only a frame-mounted hitch that
can cause loss of vehicle con-
does not attach to the bumper.
8
trol.
9
5 17
Driving tips
Trailer brakes
Driving with a trailer
Following distance
If your trailer weighs more than 700
Towing a trailer requires a certain
Stay at least twice as far behind the
kg (1,543 lbs.) loaded, then it needs
amount of experience. Before setting
vehicle ahead as you would when
1
its own brakes and they must be ade-
out for the open road, you must get
driving your vehicle without a trailer.
quate. Be sure to read and follow the
to know your trailer. Acquaint your-
This can help you avoid situations
instructions for the trailer brakes so
self with the feel of handling and
that require heavy braking and sud-
2
you’ll be able to install, adjust and
braking with the added weight of the
den turns.
maintain them properly.
trailer. And always keep in mind that
the vehicle you are driving is now a
3
• Don’t tap into your vehicle's brake
Passing
good deal longer and not nearly so
system.
responsive as your vehicle is by
You’ll need more passing distance
4
itself.
up ahead when you’re towing a trail-
WARNING
er. And, because you’re a good deal
Before you start, check the trailer
longer, you’ll need to go much farther
Do not use a trailer with its own
hitch and platform, safety chains,
5
beyond the passed vehicle before
brakes unless you are absolute-
electrical connector(s), lights, tires
you can return to your lane.
ly certain that you have properly
and mirror adjustment. If the trailer
set up the brake system. This is
has electric brakes, start your vehicle
6
not a task for amateurs. Use an
and trailer moving and then apply the
experienced, competent trailer
trailer brake controller by hand to be
7
shop for this work.
sure the brakes are working. This lets
you check your electrical connection
at the same time.
8
During your trip, check occasionally
to be sure that the load is secure,
9
and that the lights and any trailer
brakes are still working.
5 18
Driving tips
Backing up
Turn signals when towing a trailer
Do not connect a trailer lighting sys-
tem directly to your vehicle’s lighting
Hold the bottom of the steering
When you tow a trailer, your vehicle
system. Use only an approved trailer
wheel with one hand. Then, to move
has to have a different turn signal
wiring harness.
the trailer to the left, just move your
flasher and extra wiring. The green
1
hand to the left. To move the trailer to
arrows on your instrument panel will
An authorized Kia dealer can assist
the right, move your hand to the
flash whenever you signal a turn or
you in installing the wiring harness.
2
right. Always back up slowly and, if
lane change. Properly connected,
possible, have someone guide you.
the trailer lights will also flash to alert
CAUTION
other drivers you’re about to turn,
3
Failure to use an approved trail-
change lanes, or stop.
Making turns
er wiring harness could result in
When towing a trailer, the green
When you’re turning with a trailer,
damage to the vehicle electrical
arrows on your instrument panel will
4
make wider turns than normal. Do
system and/or personal injury.
flash for turns even if the bulbs on
this so your trailer won’t strike soft
the trailer are burned out. Thus, you
shoulders, curbs, road signs, trees,
5
may think drivers behind you are
or other objects. Avoid jerky or sud-
seeing your signals when, in fact,
den maneuvers. Signal well in
they are not. It’s important to check
6
advance.
occasionally to be sure the trailer
bulbs are still working. You must also
check the lights every time you dis-
7
connect and then reconnect the
wires.
8
9
5 19
Driving tips
Driving on grades
✽ NOTICE
Parking on hills
Reduce speed and shift to a lower
•
When towing a trailer on steep
Generally, you should not park your
gear before you start down a long or
grades (in excess of 6%) pay close
vehicle, with a trailer attached, on a
1
steep downgrade. If you don’t shift
attention to the engine coolant
hill. People can be seriously or fatal-
down, you might have to use your
temperature gauge to ensure the
ly injured, and both your vehicle and
brakes so much that they would get
engine does not overheat. If the
the trailer can be damaged if they
2
hot and no longer operate efficiently.
needle of the coolant temperature
begin a downhill trajectory.
On a long uphill grade, shift down
gauge moves across the dial
and reduce your speed to around 70
towards “H” (HOT), pull over and
3
WARNING - Parking on a
km/h (45 mph) to reduce the possi-
stop as soon as it is safe to do so,
hill
bility of engine and transmission
and allow the engine to idle until it
4
cools down. You may proceed once
Parking your vehicle on a hill
overheating.
the engine has cooled sufficiently.
with a trailer attached could
•
You must decide driving speed
cause serious injury or death,
5
should the trailer break lose.
depending on trailer weight and
uphill grade to reduce the possibil-
ity of engine and transmission
6
overheating.
7
8
9
5 20
Driving tips
However, if you ever have to park
When you are ready to leave after
Maintenance when trailer tow-
your trailer on a hill, here’s how to do
parking on a hill
ing
it:
1. With the manual transmission in
Your vehicle will need service more
1. Apply your brakes, but don’t shift
Neutral, apply your brakes and
often when you regularly pull a trail-
1
into gear.
hold the brake pedal down while
er. Important items to pay particular
2. Have someone place chocks
you:
attention to include engine oil, auto-
2
under the trailer wheels.
• Start your engine;
matic transmission fluid, axle lubri-
cant and cooling system fluid. Brake
3. When the wheel chocks are in
• Shift into gear; and
place, release the brakes until the
condition is another important item to
3
• Release the parking brake.
frequently check. Each item is cov-
chocks absorb the load.
2. Slowly remove your foot from the
ered in this manual, and the Index
4. Reapply the brakes. Apply your
brake pedal.
will help you find them quickly. If
4
parking brake, and then shift to R
3. Drive slowly until the trailer is clear
you’re trailering, it’s a good idea to
(Reverse).
of the chocks.
review these sections before you
5
5. Release the brakes.
start your trip.
4. Stop and have someone pick up
and store the chocks.
Don’t forget to also maintain your
WARNING - Parking brake
trailer and hitch. Follow the mainte-
6
nance schedule that accompanied
It can be dangerous to get out of
your trailer and check it periodically.
your vehicle if the parking brake
7
Preferably, conduct the check at the
is not firmly set.
start of each day’s driving. Most
If you have left the engine run-
importantly, all hitch nuts and bolts
8
ning, the vehicle can move sud-
should be tight.
denly. You or others could be
seriously or fatally injured.
9
5 21
Driving tips
OVERLOADING
✽ NOTICE
CAUTION
• Due to higher load during trailer
The gross axle weight rating
usage, overheating might occur in
(GAWR) and the gross vehicle
1
hot days or during uphill driving.
weight rating (GVWR) for your
If the coolant gauge indicates
vehicle are on the manufactur-
over-heating, switch off the A/C
2
er's label attached to the pas-
and stop the vehicle in a safe area
senger’s door. Exceeding these
to cool down the engine.
ratings can cause an accident
• When towing check transmission
3
or vehicle damage. You can cal-
fluid more frequently.
culate the weight of your load
by weighing the items (or peo-
4
ple) before putting them in the
vehicle. Be careful not to over-
5
load your vehicle.
6
7
8
9
5 22
Driving tips
LABEL INFORMATION
There are several important labels
2.5L
and identification numbers located
on your vehicle. The label locations
are identified in the illustrations
1
shown.
2
3
OPU086003R
OPU062003
4
2.7L / 3.0L
Vehicle identification number
(VIN)
5
6
7
8
1PUA6003A
Engine number
9
OPU086001
Identification label
(if equipped)
5 23
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