Volvo S60 Cross Country (2018 year). Manual — part 18
STARTING AND DRIVING
* Option/accessory.
309
The car should then be driven for approximately
20 minutes more.
The following may arise during regeneration:
•
a smaller reduction of engine power may
be noticed temporarily
•
fuel consumption may increase temporar-
ily
•
a smell of burning may arise.
When regeneration is complete the warning text
is cleared automatically.
Use the parking heater
* in cold weather - the
engine then reaches normal operating tempera-
ture more quickly.
If the filter is completely filled with particles, it
may be difficult to start the engine and the fil-
ter is non-functional. Then there is a risk that
the filter will need to be replaced.
Related information
•
•
•
Fuel consumption and CO2 emissions
(p. 416)
•
Catalytic converters
The purpose of the catalytic converters is to
purify exhaust gases. They are located close to
the engine so that operating temperature is
reached quickly.
The catalytic converters consist of a monolith
(ceramic or metal) with channels. The channel
walls are lined with a thin layer of platinum/
rhodium/palladium. These metals act as cata-
lysts, i.e. they participate in and accelerate a
chemical reaction without being used up them-
selves.
Lambda-sond
TM
oxygen sensor
The Lambda-sond is part of a control system
intended to reduce emissions and improve fuel
economy. For more information, see Fuel con-
sumption and CO2 emissions (p. 416).
An oxygen sensor monitors the oxygen content
of the exhaust gases leaving the engine. This
value is fed into an electronic system that contin-
uously controls the injectors. The ratio of fuel to
air directed to the engine is continuously
adjusted. These adjustments create optimal con-
ditions for efficient combustion, and together with
the three-way catalytic converter reduce harmful
emissions (hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and
nitrous oxides).
Related information
•
•
STARTING AND DRIVING
* Option/accessory.
310
Economical driving
Drive economically and eco-consciously by driv-
ing smoothly, thinking ahead, and adjusting your
driving style and speed to the prevailing condi-
tions.
•
Use the ECO Guide
* which indicates how
fuel-efficiently the car is being driven, see
Eco guide & Power guide
•
For lower fuel consumption, activate Drive
mode ECO
.
•
Use the Eco Coast
20
freewheel function -
engine braking will cease and the car's
kinetic energy can be used to freewheel for
longer distances.
•
Drive in the highest gear possible, adapted to
the current traffic situation and road - lower
engine speeds result in lower fuel consump-
tion. Use the gear indicator (p. 277)
.
•
Drive at a steady speed and keep a good dis-
tance to other vehicles and objects to mini-
mise braking.
•
High speed results in increased fuel con-
sumption - the wind resistance increases
with speed.
•
Do not run the engine to operating tempera-
ture at idling speed, but rather drive with a
normal load right after starting - a cold
engine consumes more fuel than a warm
one.
•
Drive with the correct air pressure in the
tyres and check this regularly - select ECO
tyre pressure for best results, see Tyres -
approved tyre pressures (p. 421).
•
Choice of tyres can affect fuel consumption -
seek advice on suitable tyres from a dealer.
•
Do not use winter tyres when the winter sea-
son is over.
•
Remove unnecessary items from the car -
the greater the load the higher the fuel con-
sumption.
•
Use engine braking to slow down, when it
can take place without risk to other road
users.
•
A roof load and space box increase air resis-
tance, leading to higher consumption -
remove the load carriers when not in use.
•
Avoid driving with open windows.
For information about Volvo Car Corporation's
environmental philosophy, see Environmental phi-
losophy (p. 22).
For more information about fuel consumption,
see Fuel consumption and CO2 emissions
(p. 416).
WARNING
Never switch off the engine while moving,
such as downhill, this deactivates important
systems such as the power steering and
brake servo.
Related information
•
•
Fuel consumption and CO2 emissions
(p. 416)
•
19
Applies to automatic gearbox.
20
See "Drive mode ECO".
21
Applies to manual gearbox.
STARTING AND DRIVING
}}
* Option/accessory.
311
Driving with a trailer*
When driving with a trailer there are a number of
important points to think about regarding e.g. the
towing bracket, the trailer and how the load is
positioned in the trailer.
Payload depends on the car's kerb weight. The
total of the weight of the passengers and all
accessories, e.g. towbar, reduces the car's pay-
load by a corresponding weight. For more
detailed information, see Weights (p. 404).
If the towing bracket is mounted by Volvo, then
the car is delivered with the necessary equipment
for driving with a trailer.
•
The car's towing bracket must be of an
approved type.
•
If the towbar is retrofitted, check with your
Volvo dealer that the car is fully equipped for
driving with a trailer.
•
Distribute the load on the trailer so that the
weight on the towing bracket complies with
the specified maximum towball load.
•
Increase the tyre pressure to the recom-
mended pressure for a full load. For informa-
tion on the tyre pressure, see Tyres -
approved tyre pressures (p. 421).
•
The engine is loaded more heavily than usual
when driving with a trailer.
•
Do not tow a heavy trailer when the car is
brand new. Wait until it has been driven at
least 1000 km.
•
The brakes are loaded much more than usual
on long and steep downhill slopes. Downshift
to a lower gear and adjust your speed.
•
For safety reasons, the maximum permitted
speed for the car when coupled with a trailer
should not be exceeded. Follow the regula-
tions in force for the permitted speeds and
weights.
•
Maintain a low speed when driving with a
trailer up long, steep ascents.
•
Avoid driving with a trailer on inclines of more
than 12%.
Trailer cable
An adapter is required if the car's towing bracket
has 13 pin electrics and the trailer has 7 pin
electrics. Use an adapter cable approved by
Volvo. Make sure the cable does not drag on the
ground.
Direction indicators and brake lights on
the trailer
If any of the trailer's lamps for direction indicators
are broken, then the combined instrument pan-
el's symbol for direction indicators flashes faster
than normal and the information display shows
the text
Trailer indicator malfunction
.
If any of the trailer's lamps for the brake light are
broken then the
Trailer brake light
malfunction
text is shown.
Level control
*
The rear shock absorbers maintain a constant
height irrespective of the car's load (up to the
maximum permissible weight). When the car is
stationary the rear of the car lowers slightly,
which is normal.
Trailer weights
For information on Volvo's permitted trailer
weights, see Towing capacity and towball load
(p. 405).
The stated maximum permitted trailer weights
are those permitted by Volvo. National vehicle
regulations can further limit trailer weights
and speeds. Towbars can be certified for
higher towing weights than the car can
actually tow.
WARNING
Follow the stated recommendations for trailer
weights. Otherwise, the car and trailer may be
difficult to control in the event of sudden
movement and braking.
||
STARTING AND DRIVING
* Option/accessory.
312
Related information
•
•
•
•
Lamp replacement - general (p. 360)
Driving with a trailer* - manual
gearbox
When driving with a trailer in hilly terrain in a hot
climate there may be a risk of overheating.
Overheating
When driving with a trailer in hilly terrain in a hot
climate there may be a risk of overheating.
•
Do not run the engine at higher revolutions
than 4500 rpm (diesel engines: 3500 rpm) -
otherwise the oil temperature may become
too high.
Related information
•
Driving with a trailer* - automatic
gearbox
When driving with a trailer in hilly terrain in a hot
climate there may be a risk of overheating.
•
An automatic gearbox selects the optimum
gear related to load and engine speed.
•
In the event of overheating a warning symbol
is illuminated in the combined instrument
panel with a message that is shown in the
information display - follow the recommenda-
tion given.
Steep inclines
•
Do not lock the automatic transmission in a
higher gear than the engine "can cope with"
- it is not always a good idea to drive at a
high gear with low engine revolutions.
Parking on a hill
1. Depress the foot brake.
2. Activate the parking brake.
3. Move the gear selector to position P.
4. Release the foot brake.
•
Move the gear selector to park position P
when parking an automatic car with a hitched
trailer. Always use the parking brake.
•
Block the wheels with chocks when parking
a car with hitched trailer on a hill.
STARTING AND DRIVING
* Option/accessory.
313
Starting on a hill
1. Depress the foot brake.
2. Move the gear selector to driving position D.
3. Release the parking brake.
4. Release the foot brake and start driving off.
Related information
•
Automatic gearbox - Geartronic
Towing bracket/Towbar*
A towing bracket means that it is possible to e.g.
tow a trailer behind the car.
If the car is equipped with a detachable/remova-
ble towbar, the installation instructions for the
loose section must be followed carefully, see
Detachable towbar
WARNING
If the car is fitted with a Volvo detachable
towbar:
•
Follow the installation instructions care-
fully.
•
The detachable section must be locked
with the key before setting off.
•
Check that the indicator window shows
green.
Important checks
•
The towbar's towball must be cleaned and
greased regularly.
When a hitch with a vibration damper is used,
the towball must not be lubricated.
This also applies when fitting a bicycle rack
that is clamped in around the towball.
Related information
•
STARTING AND DRIVING
* Option/accessory.
314
Detachable towbar* - storage
Store the detachable towbar in the cargo area.
Towbar storage space.
Always remove the towbar after use and store
it in the appointed location in the car.
Related information
•
•
•
Detachable towbar* - specifications
Specifications for detachable towbar.
Specifications
G021485
Dimensions, mounting points (mm)
A
998
B
81
C
854
D
427
E
109
F
282
G
Side member
H
Ball centre
STARTING AND DRIVING
}}
* Option/accessory.
315
Related information
•
•
•
Detachable towbar* - attachment/
removal
The attachment/removal of the detachable tow-
bar is performed in the following way:
Attaching
G018928
Remove the protective cover by first pressing
in the catch
and then pulling the cover
straight back
.
G021487
Ensure that the mechanism is in the
unlocked position by turning the key clock-
wise.
G021488
The indicator window must show red.
G021489
Insert the towbar until you hear a click.
||
STARTING AND DRIVING
316
G021490
The indicator window must show green.
G000000
Turn the key anticlockwise to locked position.
Remove the key from the lock.
G021494
Check that the towbar is secure by pulling it
up, down and back.
WARNING
If the towbar is not fitted correctly then it must
be detached and reattached in accordance
with the previous instructions.
Only grease in the ball for the towing hitch,
the remainder of the towbar should be clean
and dry.
When a hitch with a vibration damper is used,
the towball must not be lubricated.
G021495
Safety cable.
WARNING
Take care to secure the trailer's safety cable
in the intended bracket.
Removing the towbar
Insert the key and turn it clockwise to the
unlocked position.
STARTING AND DRIVING
}}
* Option/accessory.
317
Push in the locking wheel
and turn it
anticlockwise
until you hear a click.
Turn the locking wheel down fully, until it
comes to a stop. Hold it in this position while
pulling the towbar rearward and upward.
WARNING
Secure the towbar safely if it is stored in the
G018929
Push the protective cover until it snaps tight.
Related information
•
•
•
Trailer Stability Assist - TSA
22
The trailer stability assist TSA (Trailer Stability
Assist) function is designed to stabilise the car
and trailer combination if it begins to snake.
TSA- the function is included in the stability sys-
tem (p. 182) ESC
23
.
Function
The snaking phenomenon can occur with any
car/trailer combination. Snaking normally occurs
at high speeds. But, there is a risk of it occurring
at lower speeds if the trailer is overloaded or the
load is improperly distributed, e.g. too far back.
In order for snaking to occur, there must be a
triggering factor, e.g.:
•
Car with trailer subjected to a sudden and
powerful side wind.
•
Car with trailer drives on an uneven road sur-
face or in a pothole.
•
Sweeping steering wheel movements.
Operation
If snaking has started, it could be difficult or even
impossible to suppress. This makes the car/
trailer combination difficult to control and there is
a risk that you could, for example, end up in the
wrong lane or leave the carriageway.
The trailer stability assist function continually
monitors car movements, particularly lateral
movements. If snaking is detected, the front
||
STARTING AND DRIVING
318
wheels are individually braked. This serves to sta-
bilise the car/trailer combination. This is often
enough to help the driver regain control of the
car.
If snaking is not eliminated the first time the TSA
system comes into action, the car/trailer combi-
nation is braked with all wheels and engine
power is reduced. Once snaking has been gradu-
ally suppressed and the car/trailer combination is
stable once again, the system stops regulating
and the driver once again has full control of the
car. For more information, see Electronic stability
control (ESC) - operation (p. 183).
Miscellaneous
Engagement of TSA may take place at higher
speeds.
TSA function is switched off if the driver
selects
Sport
mode, see Electronic stability
control (ESC) - general (p. 182).
TSA may fail to engage if the driver uses sudden
steering wheel movements to try to rectify the
snaking because, in such a situation, the system
cannot determine whether it is the trailer or the
driver that is causing the snaking.
The ESC
23
symbol in the combined
instrument panel flashes when the TSA
system is working.
Related information
•
Electronic stability control (ESC) - general
(p. 182)
Towing
During towing, one vehicle is towed by another
vehicle using a tow rope.
Find out the statutory maximum speed limit for
towing before the towing begins.
1. Activate the car's hazard warning flashers.
2. Attach the tow rope in the towing eye.
3. Unlock the steering lock by inserting the
remote control key in the ignition switch and
giving a long press on the START/STOP
ENGINE button - key position II is activated,
see Key positions (p. 77) for more informa-
tion about key positions.
4. The remote control key must remain in the
ignition switch while the car is being towed.
5. Keep the towline taut when the towing vehi-
cle reduces speed by holding your foot gen-
tly pressed on the brake pedal - thereby
avoiding unnecessary jerking.
6. Be prepared to brake to stop.
22
Included in the installation of Volvo genuine towbar.
23
(Electronic Stability Control) - Electronic stability control.
STARTING AND DRIVING
}}
319
WARNING
•
Check that the steering lock is unlocked
before towing.
•
The remote control key must be in key
position II - in position I all airbags are
deactivated.
•
Never remove the remote control key
from the ignition switch when the car is
being towed.
WARNING
The brake servo and power steering do not
work when the engine is switched off - the
brake pedal needs to be depressed
about 5 times more heavily and the steering is
considerably heavier than normal.
Manual gearbox
Prior to towing:
–
Move gear lever into neutral and release the
parking brake.
Automatic gearbox Geartronic
Prior to towing:
–
Move the gear selector to position N and
release the parking brake.
Note that the car must always be towed with
the wheels rolling forward.
•
Do not tow cars with automatic transmis-
sion at speeds higher than 80 km/h
(50 mph) or for distances in excess of 80
km.
Jump starting
Do not tow the car to bump start the engine. Use
a donor battery if the starter battery is discharged
and the engine does not start, see Jump starting
with another battery (p. 275).
The catalytic converter may be damaged dur-
ing attempts to tow-start the engine.
Related information
•
Hazard warning flashers (p. 93)
•
•
Towing eye
The towing eye is screwed into a threaded
socket behind a cover on the right-hand side of
the bumper, front or rear.
Attaching the towing eye
Remove the front and rear covers.
Take out the towing eye that is located under
the floor hatch in the cargo area.
||
STARTING AND DRIVING
320
The cover for the towing eye's attachment
point is available in two variants which must
be opened in different ways:
•
Open the variant with a recess using a
coin or similar inserted in the recess, turn-
ing it outwards. Then turn out the cover
completely and remove it.
•
The second variant has a marking along
one side or in a corner: Press the marking
with a finger and fold out the opposite
side/corner at the same time using a coin
or similar - the cover turns around its axis
and can then be removed.
Screw the towing eye right in up to its flange.
Turn in the towing eye firmly e.g. using the
wheel wrench.
After use, unscrew the towing eye and return
it to its place.
Finish by refitting the cover onto the bumper.
The towing eye may be used to pull the car up
onto a recovery vehicle with a flatbed platform.
The car's position and ground clearance deter-
mine whether it is possible. If the slope of the
recovery vehicle's ramp is too steep, or if the
ground clearance under the car is inadequate,
then the car may be damaged if you try to pull it
up using the towing eye. Raise the car using the
recovery vehicle's lifting device if necessary.
WARNING
No one/nothing is allowed to remain behind
the recovery vehicle while the car pulled up
onto the flatbed platform.
The towing eye is only designed for towing on
roads - not for pulling the car unstuck or out
of a ditch. Call a recovery service for recovery
assistance.
Related information
•
•
Recovery
Recovery means that the vehicle is transported
away by means of another vehicle.
Call a recovery service for recovery assistance.
The towing eye may be used to pull the car up
onto a recovery vehicle with a flatbed platform.
The car's position and ground clearance deter-
mine whether it is possible. If the slope of the
recovery vehicle's ramp is too steep, or if the
ground clearance under the car is inadequate,
then the car may be damaged if you try to pull it
up using the towing eye. Raise the car using the
recovery vehicle's lifting device if necessary.
WARNING
No one/nothing is allowed to remain behind
the recovery vehicle while the car pulled up
onto the flatbed platform.
The towing eye is only designed for towing on
roads - not for pulling the car unstuck or out
of a ditch. Call a recovery service for recovery
assistance.
Note that the car must always be transported
with the wheels rolling forward.
WHEELS AND TYRES
324
Tyres - maintenance
Amongst other things, the function of the tyres is
to carry load, provide grip on the road surface,
dampen vibration and protect the wheel from
wear.
Driving characteristics
Tyres greatly affect the car's driving characteris-
tics. The type of tyre, dimensions, tyre pressure
and speed rating are important for how the car
performs.
Tyre age
All tyres older than 6 years old should be
checked by an expert even if they seem undam-
aged. Tyres age and decompose, even if they are
hardly ever or never used. The function can
therefore be affected. This applies to all tyres that
are stored for future use. Examples of external
signs which indicate that the tyre is unsuitable for
use are cracks or discoloration.
New tyres
Tyres are perishable. After a few years they begin
to harden at the same time as the friction
capacity/characteristics gradually deteriorate. For
this reason, aim to get as fresh tyres as possible
when you replace them. This is especially impor-
tant with regard to winter tyres. The last four dig-
its in the sequence mean the week and year of
manufacture. This is the tyre's DOT marking
(Department of Transportation), and this is stated
with four digits, for example 1510. The tyre in the
figure was manufactured in week 15 of 2010.
Summer and winter wheels
When summer and winter wheels are changed
the wheels should be marked with which side of
the car they were mounted on, for example L for
left and R for right.
Wear and maintenance
Correct tyre pressure (p. 326) results in more
even wear. Driving style, tyre pressure, climate
and road condition affect how quickly your tyres
age and wear.
To avoid differences in tread depth and to pre-
vent wear patterns arising, the front and rear
wheels can be switched with each other. A suita-
ble distance for the first change is approx.
5000 km and then at 10000 km intervals.
Volvo recommends that an authorised Volvo
workshop is contacted for checking if you are
uncertain about tread depth. If significant differ-
ences in wear (> 1 mm difference in tread depth)
between tyres have already occurred, then the
least worn tyres must always be fitted on the rear.
Understeer is normally easier to correct than
oversteer, and leads to the car continuing for-
wards in a straight line rather than having the
rear end skidding to one side, resulting in possi-
ble complete loss of control over the car. This is
why it is important for the rear wheels never to
lose grip before the front wheels.
WARNING
A damaged tyre may lead to loss of control
over the car.
Storage
Wheels with tyres fitted must be stored lying
down or hanging up - never standing up.
WHEELS AND TYRES
325
Related information
•
•
Tyres - speed ratings (p. 329)
•
•
Tyres - direction of rotation (p. 325)
•
Tyres - tread wear indicators (p. 326)
Tyres - direction of rotation
Tyres with a tread pattern which are designed to
only turn in one direction have the direction of
rotation marked with an arrow.
G021778
The arrow shows the tyre's direction of rotation.
The tyre must always rotate in the same direction
throughout its lifespan. Tyres should only be
switched between front and rear positions, never
between left and right-hand sides, or vice versa. If
the tyres are fitted incorrectly, the car's braking
characteristics and capacity to force rain and
slush out of the way are adversely affected. Tyres
with the greatest tread depth should always be
fitted to the rear of the car (to decrease the risk
of skidding).
Make sure that both pairs of wheels have the
same type and dimension, and also the same
make.
Follow the recommended tyre pressures speci-
fied in the tyre pressure table (p. 421).
Related information
•
•
Tyres - speed ratings (p. 329)
•
•
•
WHEELS AND TYRES
326
Tyres - tread wear indicators
Tread wear indicators show the status of the
tyre's tread depth.
G021829
Tread wear indicators.
A tread wear indicators is a narrow elevation
across the longitudinal grooves of the tyre's tread
pattern. On the side of the tyre are the letters
TWI (Tread Wear Indicator). When the tyre's tread
depth is down to 1.6 mm, the tread will be level in
height with the tread wear indicators. Change to
new tyres as soon as possible. Remember that
tyres with little tread depth provide very poor grip
in rain and snow.
Related information
•
•
Tyres - speed ratings (p. 329)
•
•
Tyres - direction of rotation (p. 325)
•
Tyres - air pressure
Tyres can have different air pressures which are
measured in bar.
Check the air pressure in the tyres
The tyre pressures must be checked every
month.
WHEELS AND TYRES
327
•
Tyre pressure for the car's recommended
tyre dimension.
•
ECO pressure
1
.
Check the tyre pressure on cold tyres. "Cold
tyres" means the tyres are the same temperature
as the ambient temperature. After several few kil-
ometres of driving, the tyres warm up and the
pressure increases.
Inadequate tyre pressure increases fuel con-
sumption, shortens tyre lifespan and impairs the
car's driving characteristics. Driving on tyres with
tyre pressure that is too low could result in the
tyres overheating and being damaged. Tyre pres-
sure affects travelling comfort, road noise and
driving characteristics.
Tyre pressure decreases over time, this is a
natural phenomenon. Tyre pressure also var-
ies depending on ambient temperature.
Tyre pressure label
G021830
The tyre pressure label on the driver's side door
pillar (between frame and rear door) shows which
pressures the tyres should have at different loads
and speed conditions. This is also specified in the
tyre pressure table, see Tyres - approved tyre
pressures (p. 421).
Fuel economy, ECO pressure
When carrying a light load (max. 3 people) and at
speeds of up to 160 km/h (100 mph), the ECO
pressure can be selected to give the best possi-
ble fuel economy. If the best possible noise and
travelling comfort conditions are sought, the
lower comfort pressures are recommended
instead.
(See approved tyre pressures(p. 421).)
Related information
•
•
Tyres - speed ratings (p. 329)
•
•
•
Tyres - tread wear indicators (p. 326)
•
Tyres - approved tyre pressures (p. 421)
1
ECO pressure results in improved fuel economy.
Нет комментариевНе стесняйтесь поделиться с нами вашим ценным мнением.
Текст