JAC light truck HFC1045. Instruction — part 3

67

shows normal specific gravity of the
electrolyte.
5) The accumulator should always
being charged. Check voltage of the
accumulator if engine is hard to start.
Charge additionally, if it is detected
that specific gravity of electrolyte is
lower than 1.18~1.20, otherwise, bat鄄
tery plate will be vulcanized and it will
reduce lifespan of the accumulator.
Additional charging should be kept
for 13~16 hours, and it can take in 1/
10 of capacitance into battery. Cut
down the charging current by half af鄄
ter single cell爷s voltage reaches 2.4V,
and the charging time should be 3~5
hours. When the specific gravity of
electrolyte don爷t rise any more, and
this situation keeps for 2 ~3 more

hours, it indicates that the accumula鄄
tor has been charged fully. Table 2
shows the relationship between tem鄄
perature and the corrected specific
gravity value of electrolyte.
6) Protect the joint of terminal post
and wire from dirt and looseness, or
the terminal post will be burnt out. Af鄄
ter tightening the joints, apply a
Vaseline coat on the terminal post
that can protect the joints from rust
and loose contact, so that engine
can start easily.
7) If left unused for a long time, the
accumulator should be removed and
preserved in a place where is dry,
shady, cool, and ventilative Addition鄄
al charging should also be done ev鄄
ery month.

渊IV冤sensor

3. Oil pressure alarm device

1. Fuel level gauge sensor.
The fuel level sensor adopts sliding-
resister type. Floaters rise and drop
with the oil level changing, which
causes the resister to connect or
short-circuit to make the electromag鄄
netic fuel level gauge change. Con鄄
nect terminal of the fuel level alarm
lamp with the indicator light to indi鄄
cate the lowest fuel level.
2. Water temperature gauge sensor
The temperature sensor is a thermis鄄
tor that is mounted in water jacket to
indicate temperature of cooling water
and it matches with the water tem鄄
perature gauge on instrument board.
The water temperature sensor has a

used as dimmer light. When running
in night, turn on the high-beam light
to lighten the road, but switch to dim鄄
mer light when two vehicles pass
each other.
2. Small light Two small lights are in鄄
stalled on both corners of the front
panel; when park in foggy weather or
run on bright road, in which situation,
headlights should not be turned on,
turn on the small lights to indicate
position and size of the vehicle.
3. Fog lamp When run in fog or park,
In order to lighten the road clearly
and indicate position of the vehicle,
the fog lamp should be turned on,
and the fog lamp is installed on both
ends of the bumper.
4. Ceiling lamp Ceiling lamp is in鄄

stalled on cab ceiling, when used for
driving lighting, ceiling lamp inte鄄
grates with inner rear vision mirror,
so that, except for cab lighting, the
situation behind the vehicle also can
be watched.

渊芋冤Accumulator

1. Brief introduction

1冤General
Accumulator equipped to trucks of
this series is aneroid and sealed by
a plastic case, and it has a big ca鄄
pacity as well as a light weight.

2. Use & Note

1) Keep the case clean in case of
self -discharge of the accumulator
that will reduce the capacity.
2) Make sure that the holes on the
upper cap are not jammed, or the
plate will be damaged by the vapor
produced by electrolyzing.
3) The electrolyte level should be
10~15mm higher than the plate. Only
distilled water can be filled into the
accumulator. Never fill the accumu鄄
lator with fountain or river water, for
they will do harm to it.
4) Check specific gravity and level of
the electrolyte regularly. Do it every
10~15 days in winter, while every 5~
10 days in summer. Specific gravity
is measured with gravimeter. Table 1

66

HFC1045

series trucks

69

吁尧maintenance

(玉) Daily maintenance

(域) 1

st

class maintenance

(芋) 2

nd

class maintenance

(郁) Seasonal maintenance

(吁)Items to notice in breaking-in period

negative temperature coefficient and
its resistance decreases with the in鄄
crease of water temperature, which
change current going by it. Don爷t re鄄
place the sensor for one with positive
temperature coefficient, or the water
temperature gauge will not work cor鄄
rectly.
3. Oil pressure alarm device
Oil pressure alarm device is a switch
closed in usual time. It will be
opened when oil pressure reaches or
is over the lowest pressure, the cir鄄
cuit is disconnected and the indica鄄
tor goes out.

68

HFC1045

series trucks

71

70

After breaking-in period, daily main鄄
tenance should be done periodically
according to working condition and
technical requirements. Generally,
mileage of 1st class maintenance
should be 2000-2500km if the vehi鄄
cle runs on common roads. Mileage
of 2nd class maintenance should be
15000km.

Seasonal

maintenance

should be done when summer be鄄
gins or winter begins.

(玉) Daily maintenance

1. Check whether fuel, oil and cool鄄
ing water are sufficient before driving
and whether there is oil leak; exhaust
air in oil paths at different rotate
speeds. Check whether engine and
instruments work normally; check
working condition of steering mech鄄

anism, brake, tire, lights, horn, wiper
and towing devices; check whether
tools and accessories with vehicle
are prepared; check whether the
loading is proper and reliable.
2. Pay attention to working condition
of all instruments, engine and parts
of chassis in running; check whether
temperatures of wheel hub, brake,
transmission and rear axle are nor鄄
mal; check tightening condition of
propeller shaft, wheel hub, leaf
spring, steering system and braking
system; check whether the pressure
of tires is normal; check the wheel
buts for looseness.
3. After daily driving, clean inside
and outside of the vehicle body and
every part of the chassis; cut off the

power source, add fuel, lubricants
and cooling water, lubricate points
need lubricating, and cooling water
should be drained in winter if there
isn爷t any anti -freeze added to the
cooling water. Check and inflate the
tires according to specification.
Clean outside of the accumulator and
check whether it is installed fixedly.
The accumulator should be taken to
warm room in exceedingly cold
weather. Five items should be en鄄
sured sufficient (water, fuel, lubri鄄
cants, distilled water in accumulator,
tire pressure); four items should be
ensured not to leak (oil, water, air,
electricity)

(域) 1

st

class maintenance

1

st

class maintenance concentrates

on tightening, lubricating, besides
daily maintenance, the following
items should be done:
1. Check and clean air cleaner and
fuel filter
2. Check whether engine, transmis鄄
sion, rear axle, redirector, fuel injec鄄
tor and adjustor leak; check whether
oil or gear oil is sufficient and clean
vent holes.
3. Clean dirt and dust on outside and
poles of the accumulator and dredge
holes on the cover. Check specific
gravity of the electrolyte, liquor level
and tightening condition of the lead.
4. Clean begrimes on the generator
and carbon brush as well as com鄄

mutators; check condition of the
starter switch, lubricate generator
bearing. Check whether timing lines
of the fuel injector align and check
whether relevant control valves and
cables are agile.
5. Check fuel hose, brake hose, vac鄄
uum hose, pipe joints of cooling wa鄄
ter, radiator and water pump for
looseness and leak, and tighten
them.
6. Check and adjust free strokes of
all pedals and check whether control
mechanisms are tightened and work
normally; check and adjust clear鄄
ances between clutch friction disc,
parking brake shoe slice and service
brake shoe slice, and fill brake fluid.
7. Check and tighten the redirector,

adjust windage of the steering wheel;
adjust degree of tightness of front
wheel toe-in and wheel hub bearing.
Check tightening condition of driving
gear nuts of the rear axle.
8. Check condition and tightening
condition of the leaf spring, lubricate
leaf spring pins; check and tighten
engine supporting, center bearing of
transmission shaft and connection
parts of universal joints.
9援 Check tire surface, air pressure
and tightening condition of the tire
(including spare tire)
10. Check working condition of horn,
turning lights, brake lights, lighting
devices and electric apparatus.
11. Lubricate points to lubricate of
water pump, transmission shaft, ball

HFC1045

series trucks

pins of transverse and vertical steer鄄
ing pull rods, release bearing of
clutch, parking brake and door
hinges.

(芋) 2nd class maintenance

2

nd

class maintenance concentrates

on inspection, adjustment, lubrica鄄
tion; besides items in 1

st

class main鄄

tenance, the following items should
be done:
1. Check air pressure in the cylinder,
remove carbon deposits in the com鄄
bustion chamber, and measure
abrading degree of the cylinder.
2. Check seal condition of the valve,
adjust valve clearance, do adjusting
and rubbing if necessary, and then
readjust.
3. Replace engine oil, fine mesh filter

element and seal rings, and wash lu鄄
brication system of engine.
4. Check and adjust angle of ad鄄
vance of the diesel engine; check
injection pressure and atomization
condition of the fuel injector; wash
the oil tank.
5. Check whether the thermostat
works normally; check drip condition
of the draining hole of the water
pump.
6. Check whether vent -pipe of the
crankcase is complete and fastened.
7. Check working condition of the
generator and starter; especially
check whether electric brush and
commutators abrade.
8. Check and adjust separating
clearance of the clutch

9. Readjust clearance between fric鄄
tion disc of service brake and the
brake as well as clearance between
friction disc of parking brake and the
brake.
10. Tighten bearing cover of trans鄄
mission; check whether shifting of
transmission is normal. Check and
lubricate odometer hose.
11. Clean and replace gear oil for
transmission, rear axle and steering
gear.
12. Check the frame for cracks,
check the bolts for looseness, check
whether parts of cab and carriage
are complete, check whether the de鄄
vices are fixing.
13. Jack up the vehicle to make front
and rear wheel off ground; start the

engine, after the engine is heated,
accelerate in interval and listen
whether there is any abnormal noise
in the engine, watch whether there is
any abnormal noise in the transmis鄄
sion system, shaking and swaying of
the wheels, and other parts.

(郁)Seasonal maintenance

In order to make some parts meet
the requirements of climate change
in aspects of technique and working
requirement, seasonal maintenance
should be added in summer and
winter.
At the beginning of summer:
1. Clean cooling system up and re鄄
move scale in it.
2. Use lubricant for summer.
3. Fueling with #0 light diesel oil

specified in GB252.
4. Clean up the battery and adjust
the specific gravity of electrolyte.
At the beginning of winter:
1. Clean up the accumulator and ad鄄
just the specific gravity of electrolyte,
and then remove the accumulator
and charge it.
2. Install cold -proof devices; install
antiskid devices if necessary.
3. Fueling with #10 light diesel oil
specified in GB252.

( 吁 ) Items to notice in
breaking-in period

Proper breaking -in of new vehicle
has a great influence on prolonging
vehicle lifespan and improving relia鄄
bility and economy of vehicle.

Mileage of breaking -in is 2000 -
2500km, and the following specifica鄄
tions should be executed during
breaking-in period.

1. Before breaking-in period

1) Wash the vehicle with water, and
check whether all bolts and nuts are
tightened.
2) Check whether there is enough
water in the radiator, and whether
quantity of lubricants in engine,
transmission, rear axle, and steering
gear as well as liquid levels in bat鄄
tery and oil reservoir conform to
specification; Check pipeline joints
for leak.
3) Check whether start system尧driv鄄
ing system, and steering system
work normally.

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73

4) Check whether electrical equip鄄
ments and lamp instruments work
normally, and check whether air
pressure of the air brake is normal.
5) Check whether gears of the trans鄄
mission are right, whether the control
parts are normal, whether indication
of the gear position transmission is
right, and whether the shifting is
smooth and free.
6) Check whether air pressures of
tires are proper.
7) Check whether tools and acces鄄
sories are prepared.

2. During breaking-in period

1) The new truck should run on
smooth road, and don爷t make it load
more than 50% of its rated load be鄄
fore it travels 800km and don爷t load

more than 75% before 1500km, or it
will shorten truck爷s life and bring
driver danger.
2) Don爷t run faster than the following
speed.

First gear

7km/h

Second gear

14km/h

Third gear

26km/h

Forth gear

40km/h

Fifth gear

56km/h

3) At the beginning, check tempera鄄
tures of the rear axle, transmission
case, drive shaft, and brake drum.
Give ear to the sound of chassis
when driving and stop to inspect if
abnormal noise is heard, then shoot
trouble before driving again.
4) Pay special attention to tempera鄄
ture of the cooling water and oil

pressure. Do not drive the vehicle as
temperature of the cooling water is
under 60益 ; do not drive at a high
speed when the temperature is be鄄
low the normal temperature (among
80益 to 90益).
5) Check whether the engine cylinder
cover, wheel nuts, car body, and the
U -bolt of leaf spring are tightened
regularly. Check whether the steering
system, brake system, and clutch
can operate normally. Inspect free
stoke of steering wheel; inspect op鄄
erating stroke and free stroke of the
brake pedal and clutch pedal.
Notes: Cylinder cover bolts should be
tightened twice as the cylinder is
cool according to diagonal sequence
from the center to both sides and

crossed sequence.
6) Replace engine oil after 2500km
running (do it when engine is hot),
then replace again in second -class
maintenance.

3. After breaking-in periods

1) Replace engine oil, oil filter ele鄄
ment, gear oil for transmission and
rear axle, lubricant for steering gear
and lubricating grease for wheel rim
bearings
2) Check tightening condition of out鄄
er bolts and nuts of the whole vehicle
according to specified tightening
torque.
3) Lubricating grease should be filled
to every lubricating point
4) Maintain the vehicle according to
1st class maintenance

HFC1045

series trucks

74

75

77

遇尧Fault diagnosis and elimination

1. Transmission shaft faults and elimination
2. Clutch faults and elimination
3. Front axle faults and elimination
4. Transmission faults and elimination
5. Rear axle faults and elimination
6. Steering mechanism fault and elimination
7. Fault of ineffective parking brake and elimination
8. Service brake faults and elimination
9. Wheel faults and elimination
10. Suspension faults and elimination
11. Electric apparatus faults and elimination

79

Possible causes and characteristics of faults

Methods of check & elimination

(1) Transmission shaft chatters, dithers

(a) Universal joint is over worn

(b) Transmission shaft distorts and bends
(c) Connecting bolt of the flange or fixing bolt of the

center support looses

(d) Rubber sleeve of center support damages
(e) Lubricant is insufficient

(a) Adjust installation direction of the cross shaft or

replace direction knuckle assembly

(b) Align or replace
(c) Tighten

(d) Replace
(e) Add lubricant immediately after cleaning

(2) Center support is over heating

(a) Oil seal of bearing is too tight
(b) Included angle between axes of center transmission

shaft and axes of crankshaft is too large

(c) Lubricant is insufficient

(a) Eliminated of its own after certain time of running.
(b) Check and adjust the included angle

(c) Add lubricant regularly

1援Faults of transmission shaft and elimination of faults

78

Many kinds of faults maybe occur in
running with the running mileage in鄄
creasing. You must check the vehicle
carefully to find the fault position, an鄄
alyze the causes of fault and search
for effective methods to eliminate
faults, so that the vehicle can return
to normal working condition, which
prolongs durability of the vehicle.
Engine faults and elimination can be
referred to instructions of engine us鄄
ing along with the vehicle.

HFC1045

series trucks

81

2. Clutch faults and elimination

Possible causes and characteristics of faults

Methods of check & elimination

(1) Clutch dithering

(a) The vehicle overloads too much

(b) Not start at a low-speed gear

(c) Release bearing is short of oil and damaged

(d) Corrugated sheet cracks, friction disc damages, rivets

loose, spring of shock absorber ruptures or shock ab鄄

sorbing damping slice damages.

(a) Load according to specification

(b) Start at 1st gear

(c) Clean, lubricate or replace

(d) Replace

(2)Clutch slip

(a) Friction disc is too thin, rivet reveal or has oil dirt on it

(b) Pressure of diaphragm spring is insufficient

(c) Free stroke of the clutch pedal is too small

(d) The vehicle overloads too much

(e) Not start at a low-speed gear

(f) Keep one's foot on clutch pedal in driving

(a) Clean it up or rivet a new friction disc

(b) Replace

(c) Fit to 3-5mm

(d) Load according to specification

(e) Start at a low-speed gear

(f) Change bad driving habits

(3)Clutch release is not complete

(a) Free stroke of clutch pedal is too large

(b) Inner and outer lock rings wear or rupture

(a)Fit to 3-5mm

(b) Replace

Possible causes and characteristics of faults

Methods of check & elimination

(c) Corrugated sheet cracks or distorts

(d) Spring of shock absorber ruptures

(c) Replace

(d) Replace

80

Possible causes and characteristics of faults

Methods of check & elimination

渊1冤It爷s hard to turn or the steering wheel cannot return
smoothly

(a) Steering tie rod is not lubricated sufficiently
(b) Front wheel alignment is improper
(c) Toe-in angle is improper
(d) Camber angle and rear inclination angle of king pin
are improper
(e) Thrust bearing is abraded
(f) Inflation pressure of tire is too low

(a) Lubricate king pin and ball end
(b) Correct
(c) Correct
(d) Check wearing of the sleeve and deviation of steering

knuckle and front wheel tie rod. Replace if necessary

(e) Replace
(f) Inflate properly

渊2冤 Tire is abnormally abraded

(a) Front wheel alignment is improper
(b) Inflation pressure of tire is improper

(a) Adjust, replace parts if necessary
(b) Adjust, inflate

3援Front axle faults and elimination

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series trucks

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83

Possible causes and characteristics of faults

Methods of check & elimination

渊3冤Vibrates or swings

(a) Alignment of front wheel is improper
(b) King pin bushing is worn
(c) Pre-tightening degree of hub bearing is improper
(d) Hub bearing is worn
(e) Ball ends of tie rod loose
(f) U-bolts, U-nuts loose
(g) Hub nuts loose
(h) Disc distorts
(i) Tires do not balance
(j) Tire deviates
(k) Air pressure is nonuniform or insufficient

(a) Adjust, replace parts if necessary
(b) Replace bushing
(c) Adjust
(d) Replace
(e) Replace all parts at the end of the tie rod
(f) Tighten
(g) Tighten
(h) Replace
(i) Adjust balance
(j) Correct
(k) Adjust and inflate

渊4冤Wheel hub leaks lubricant

(a) Oil seal is abraded
(b) Hub cover bolt looses
(c) Lubricant is too much

(a) Replace
(b) Tighten
(c) Add specified quantity of lubricant

Possible causes and characteristics of faults

Methods of check & elimination

渊1冤Gear gets out

(a) Coupling joint is abraded or damaged
(b) Screws and nuts loose
(c) Connection rod is not adjusted well
(d) Lock ball and spring deform, are abraded or damaged
(e) Shift fork and groove surface are abraded
(f) Synchronizer wheel hub and bush are abraded
(g) Synchronizer bush and tooth surface of the gear

clutch are abraded or damaged

(h) Input or output bearing is abraded or damaged
(i) Stop ring or thrust washer is abraded or damaged
(j) Installing screws of transmission and engine loose

(a) Replace
(b) Tighten
(c) Readjust
(d) Repair or replace
(e) Replace shift fork
(f) Replace
(g) Replace

(h) Replace bearing
(i) Replace
(j) Tighten

4. Transmission faults and elimination

HFC1045

series trucks

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85

Possible causes and characteristics of faults

Methods of check & elimination

渊4冤Gear shifting is hard

(a) Shifting lever is not adjusted properly
(b) Articulated joints and pins are abraded
(c) Control damages
(d) Bolts and nuts loose

(a) Adjust the control lever
(b) Replace
(c) Replace
(d) Check and tighten

渊3冤Transmission chatters

(a) Installing screws of transmission and engine loose
(b) Gears or bearings are abraded

(a) Tighten
(b) Replace

Possible causes and characteristics of faults

Methods of check & elimination

渊2冤Gears are hard to mesh

(a) Engine idling speed is too high
(b) Clutch meshing is not good
(c) Clutch disc adheres
(d) Sliding bush of clutch inflects
(e) Input or output bearing is abraded or damaged
(f) Guide bearing of engine crankshaft is abraded or

damaged

(g) Synchronizer cone and ring are damaged
(h) Control system looses or is not adjusted properly
(i) Shift fork is abraded
(j) Control lever is not lubricated well
(k) Lubricant is insufficient or the viscidity degree is too

low

(a) Adjust idling speed
(b) Adjust clutch
(c) Repair or replace
(d) Replace
(e) Replace bearing
(f) Replace bearing

(g) Replace
(h) Tighten or adjust
(i) Replace
(j) Lubricate
(k) Add or replace lubricant

HFC1045

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86

Possible causes and characteristics of faults

Methods of check & elimination

渊1冤Rear axle makes abnormal noise

(a) Pinion bearing is abraded or damaged
(b) Side bearing of the differential is abraded or

damaged

(c) Pinion looses
(d) Differential gear looses
(e) Gear rings and pinions are abraded
(f) Thrust washer damages
(g) Differential cross shaft damages
(h) Gear rings and pinions are abraded
(i) Side bearing of the differential and pinion are abraded

or damaged

(j) Tightening bolt of the gear ring looses.
(k) Gear ring and pinion teeth do not contact well
(l) Pinion spline damages
(m) Shaft spline of rear axle damages
(n) Wheel hub bearing looses

(a)Replace bearing
(b) Replace bearing

(c) Adjust pre-tightening degree of bearing
(d) Adjust pre-tightening degree of bearing
(e) Adjust gear clearance
(f) Replace
(g) Replace
(h) Replace
(i) Replace

(j) Tighten
(k) Replace or adjust
(l) Replace
(m) Replace
(n) Replace

5.Faults of rear axle and elimination

87

Possible causes and characteristics of faults

Methods of check & elimination

渊3冤Rear axle heats

(a)oil seal gasket damages, oil outlet bolt looses, ventila鄄

tion hole is jammed, which causes that the lubricant is in鄄
sufficient

(b) Lubricant quality is bad
(c)Driving & driven gears as well as bearing are

adjusted too tightly

(a) Readjust after filling lubricants

(b) Replace lubricant in time according to season changing
(c) Readjust

(o) Wheel hub bearing is abraded
(p) Tightening bolts of gearbox loose
(q) Oil is insufficient
(r) Oil quality is not good

(o) Adjust pre-tightening degree of bearing
(p) Tighten
(q) Fuel
(r) Replace

渊2冤oil seal of semi-shaft leaks oil

(a) Ventilation hole or rear axle is jammed
(b) Lubricant quality is bad
(c) Driving & driven gears as well as bearing are

adjusted too tightly

(a) Readjust after filling lubricant
(b) Replace lubricant in time according to season changing
(c)Readjust

HFC1045

series trucks

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89

Possible causes and characteristics of faults

Methods of check & elimination

渊1冤it爷s hard to turn or steering wheel cannot return smoothly

(a) Steering wheel shaft, sliding shaft or steering wheel

column deforms

(b) Universal joints loose or get stuck
(c) Bearing of steering wheel column does not rotate well
(d) Steering transmission shaft is not lubricated sufficiently
(e) Tyre pressure is too low

(a) Replace parts

(b) Replace universal joints
(c) Replace parts
(d) Add lubricant
(e) Inflate properly

渊2冤Steering wheel vibrates, steering operation is not sta鄄
ble

(a) Transmission shaft of the steering system looses
(b) Front wheel lose balance
(c) Tire shimmy is too great
(d) Disc grinding wheel damages
(e) Steering transmission shaft is abraded severely or the

clearance is too large

(a) Tighten properly
(b) Balance the wheel
(c) Correct shimmy
(d) Replace
(e) Replace parts

6. Faults of steering mechanism and elimination

Possible causes and characteristics of faults

Methods of check & elimination

渊3冤Front wheel deviates

(a) One of front wheel brakes sticks or shock absorber at

one side is invalid.

(b) Air pressure of one of the front tires is too low
(c) Reeds of leaf spring are misplaced or rupture
(d) Disc grinding wheel damages
(e) Toe-in of the front wheel is improper

(a) Adjust brake clearance or replace shock absorber

(b) Charge enough air
(c) Check front spring assembly
(d) Correct or replace
(e) Readjust

渊4冤Power steering pump leaks oil

(a) Oil seal or O-ring damages
(b) Lock nut or oil outlet plug of the oil seal damages

(a) Replace
(b) Repair

渊5冤Steering is heavy

(a) Steering gear fails
(b) Steering gear fails

(c) Pre-tightening force of the segment gear shaft

bearing is improper

(a) Replace plug components
(b) Measure output pressure of the pump, replace the

gear if necessary

(c) Adjust pre-tightening force of the segment gear shaft bearing

HFC1045

series trucks

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91

Possible causes and characteristics of faults

Methods of check & elimination

(a) Clearance between shoe slice and drum of the parking

brake is too large

(b) There is oil dirt on brake drum and shoe slice
(c) Friction disc is over worn
(d) Parking brake cable is not adjusted and comes off;
clip spring is not installed

(a) Both upper and lower clearance should be adjusted

to 0.65mm

(b) Clean
(c) Replace
(d) Adjust, weld the joints properly, install clip spring

7.Parking brake is ineffective and relative elimination

8.Fault of service brake and elimination

Possible causes and characteristics of faults

Methods of check & elimination

渊2冤Brake efficiency is not good

(a) Air pressure is insufficient
(b) Free stroke of pedal is too long
(c) Clearance between brake drum and shoe slice is too

large

(a) Check or replace air pump, check the pipeline for leak
(b) Adjust to 8-12mm
(c) Adjust

渊1冤Service brake is ineffective

(a) Brake hose or pipeline ruptures
(b) Master cylinder valve of the brake is invalid

(a) Repair or replace
(b) Check & repair or replace

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93

Possible causes and characteristics of faults

Methods of check & elimination

渊4冤Brake drum heats

(a)Clearance between brake drum and shoe slice is too

small

(b) Return spring of the brake shoe slice ruptures or is

invalid

(a)Adjust

(b) Replace

渊3冤Brake deviates

(a) Clearances between brake drum and brake shoe slice

of each wheel are different from each other

(b) Brake drum distorts
(c) There is oil dirt on the brake drum or brake shoe slice

(d) Air pressures of tyres are not uniform
(e) Return spring of brake shoe slice ruptures
(f) Frame twists, front suspension is misplaced, front

wheel alignment angle changes

(a) Adjust the clearances to be uniform

(b) Replace
(c) After washing with petrol or buck, polish the shoe

slice with abrasive cloth

(d) Inflate according to specification
(e) Replace
(f) Correct, replace and take corresponding measures

Possible causes and characteristics of faults

Methods of check & elimination

(1) Tyres are exceedingly worn

(a) Tyre pressure is too low or too high
(b) Overload is too much or the loading is uneven.
(c) Wheel hub bearing looses
(d) Toe-ins of the front wheel are incorrect

(e) Emergency braking, sudden start, too frequent

speedup

(f) Interchanging of tyre crossly is not done

(a) Inflate according to specification
(b) Load according to specification
(c) Adjust

(d) Adjust to 4-6mm (diagonal tyre), 1-3mm (radial ply

tyre)

(e) Drive at a steady speed and do not drive too fast

(f) Interchange tyres crossly on scheduled date.

9. Wheel faults and elimination

HFC1045

series trucks

95

Possible causes and characteristics of faults

Methods of check & elimination

渊3冤Shock absorption is not very effective

(a) Lacking in shock absorber fluid
(b) Scheduled maintenance is not done
(c) Rubber rings damage

(a) Fill according to specification
(b) Scheduled maintenance should be done
(c) Replace

渊1冤Leaf spring breaks off

(a) The loading is too heavy or off position

(b) Emergency braking is applied too frequent, or speed

on uneven road is too high.

(c) U-bolts loose, armor plate clips loose or break

(d) Shock absorber is ineffective

(a)Load according to specification and arrange loads

reasonably.

(b) Concentrate on driving and avoid emergency braking

as possible as you can, lower the speed on uneven road

(c) Tighten U-bolts, armor plate clips or replace armor

plate clips

(d) Check & repair or replace

渊2冤There is

Check and replace fault rubber parts fro suspension sys鄄
tem

10. Faults of suspension mechanism and elimination

94

11. Faults of electrical parts and fault elimination

Possible causes and characteristics of faults

Methods of check & elimination

渊1冤The horn sounds continuously

(a) Connection is incorrect
(b) Some wire grounds and the spring is invalid

(a) Check and reconnect
(b) Remove, check and replace

渊2冤Capacity of electricity is insufficient

(a) new accumulator is not charged and discharged for

circulation and is not charged to rated quantity

(b) Generator cannot be charged or charged completely
(c) Pole plate damages
(d) Electrolyte level is too low or specific gravity is improper

(a) Charge sufficient electricity

(b) Check and repair the joints to eliminate faults
(c) Check and repair

(d) Add electrolyte and charge the accumulator with it re鄄

moved from the vehicle

HFC1045

series trucks

96

97

Possible causes and characteristics of faults

Methods of check & elimination

渊3冤Electrolyte of the accumulator is consumed too quickly

(a) Quantity of charging and discharging electricity is too

great; electrolyte vaporizes or overflows.

(b) Some part of the accumulator leaks
(c) Partition panel is damaged or broken down

(a) Decrease continuous starting time, and lower charging

electricity of generator

(b) Replace accumulator case
(c) Check and repair

渊44冤Accumulator self-discharges

(a) Certain part of the output line short-circuits
(b) Pole plates short-circuit
(c) Partition panel is damaged or broken down
(d) Outer surface of the accumulator is not clean, and

there are metal sundries

(a) Clean output line, eliminate fault of short-circuit
(b) Check and repair
(c) Check and repair
(d) Clean outer surface of the accumulator, tighten protec鄄

tion cover of the accumulator case, replace electrolyte if
necessary

VII尧Illustration of vehicle

渊玉冤 Special-purpose chassis
渊域冤 Truck
渊芋冤 Transport van
渊郁冤 Stake truck
渊吁冤 Van-type truck
渊遇冤 Mail car

HFC1045

series trucks