Chrysler PT Cruiser. Manual — part 223
DESCRIPTION - SWIRL VALVE ACTUATOR
SOLENOID
The swirl actuator solenoid is mounted next to the
coolant
recovery
pressure
container
behind
the
wastegate solenoid (Fig. 20).
OPERATION
OPERATION - INTAKE MANIFOLD SWIRL
VALVE
A swirl and a charge inlet port are provided in the
intake manifold for each cylinder (Fig. 21). The
charge inlet port can be closed by means of flaps. The
flaps are connected to each other by means of a link-
age, which is operated by the swirl valve actuator
(Fig. 21). They are held in the open position by
means of spring force.
In the lower engine speed and load range all the
charge inlet ports are sealed off by the flaps. The
entire air flows through the swirl inlet ports only.
This results in high air swirling which in turn pro-
duces more effective mixing of the fuel with the air,
which improves combustion and reduces the amount
of soot particulants in the exhaust.
As engine speed and loads rise, the charge inlet
ports are continuously opened to obtain the best pos-
sible ratio between air swirling and air mass for each
engine operating point, which will optimize exhaust
characteristics and engine power output.
The position of the flaps in the charge inlet ports is
determined by the map stored in the Engine Control
Module (ECM). The swirl valve actuator is actuated
by the swirl valve actuator solenoid. This is a PWM
solenoid.
OPERATION - SWIRL ACTUATOR SOLENOID
The swirl actuator solenoid is used to control the
amount of vacuum supplied to the swirl valve
actuator.
Fig. 20 SWIRL ACTUATOR SOLENOID
1 - SWIRL ACTUATOR OUTPUT HOSE
2 - WASTEGATE SOLENOID
3 - SWIRL ACTUATOR SOLENOID
Fig. 21 INTAKE MANIFOLD SWIRL VALVE
COMPONENTS
1 - CHARGE INLET PORT
2 - FLAP
3 - VACUUM PORT FROM SOLENOID
4 - SWIRL VALVE ACTUATOR
14 - 30
FUEL INJECTION
PT
SWIRL ACTUATOR (Continued)
EMISSIONS CONTROL
TABLE OF CONTENTS
page
page
EMISSIONS CONTROL - 2.2L DIESEL
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
EMISSIONS CONTROL - 2.2L
DIESEL
DESCRIPTION
The 2.2L diesel Engine Control Module (ECM) con-
trols many different circuits in the fuel injection and
engine systems. If the ECM senses a problem with a
monitored circuit that indicates an actual problem, a
Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) will be stored in the
ECM’s memory, and eventually may illuminate the
MIL (Malfunction Indicator Lamp) constantly while
the key is on. If the problem is repaired, or is inter-
mittent, the ECM will erase the DTC after 40
warm-up
cycles
without
the
fault
detected.
A
warm-up cycle consists of starting the vehicle when
the engine is cold, then the engine is warmed up to a
certain temperature, and finally, the engine tempera-
ture falls to a normal operating temperature, then
the key is turned off.
Certain criteria must be met for a DTC to be
entered into ECM memory. The criteria may be a
specific range of engine rpm, engine or fuel tempera-
ture and/or input voltage to the ECM. A DTC indi-
cates that the ECM has identified an abnormal
signal in a circuit or the system.
There are several operating conditions that the
ECM does not monitor and set a DTC for. Refer to
the following Monitored Circuits and Non–Monitored
Circuits in this section.
ECM MONITORED SYSTEMS
The ECM can detect certain problems in the elec-
trical system.
Open or Shorted Circuit – The ECM will not
distinguish between an open or a short to ground,
however the ECM can determine if there is excessive
current on a circuit, such as a short to voltage or a
decrease in component resistance.
Output Device Current Flow – The ECM senses
whether the output devices are electrically connected.
If there is a problem with the circuit, the ECM
senses whether the circuit is open, shorted to ground
(–), or shorted to (+) voltage.
Fuel Pressure: Fuel pressure is controlled by the
fuel injection pump and fuel pressure solenoid. The
ECM uses a fuel pressure sensor to determine if a
fuel pressure problem exists.
Fuel Injector Malfunctions: The ECM can deter-
mine if a fuel injector has an electrical problem. The
fuel injectors on the diesel engine are controlled by
the ECM.
ECM NON–MONITORED SYSTEMS
The ECM does not monitor the following circuits,
systems or conditions that could have malfunctions
that result in driveability problems. A DTC will not
be displayed for these conditions.
Cylinder Compression: The ECM cannot detect
uneven, low, or high engine cylinder compression.
Exhaust System: The ECM cannot detect a
plugged, restricted or leaking exhaust system.
Vacuum Assist: Leaks or restrictions in the vac-
uum circuits of the Exhaust Gas Recirculation Sys-
tem (EGR) are not monitored by the ECM.
ECM System Ground: The ECM cannot deter-
mine a poor system ground. However, a DTC may be
generated as a result of this condition.
ECM/PCM Connector Engagement: The ECM
cannot determine spread or damaged connector pins.
However, a DTC may be generated as a result of this
condition.
HIGH AND LOW LIMITS
The ECM compares input signals from each input
device. It has high and low limits that are pro-
grammed into it for that device. If the inputs are not
within specifications and other DTC criteria are met,
a DTC will be stored in memory. Other DTC criteria
might include engine rpm limits or input voltages
from other sensors or switches. The other inputs
might have to be sensed by the ECM when it senses
a high or low input voltage from the control system
device in question.
PT
EMISSIONS CONTROL
25 - 1
EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION
TABLE OF CONTENTS
page
page
EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
VALVE
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
SOLENOID
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
EXHAUST GAS
RECIRCULATION
DESCRIPTION
The EGR system reduces oxides of nitrogen (NOx)
in the engine exhaust. This is accomplished by allow-
ing a predetermined amount of hot exhaust gas to
recirculate and dilute the incoming fuel/air mixture.
A malfunctioning EGR system can cause engine
stumble, sags, or hesitation, rough idle, engine stall-
ing and poor driveability.
OPERATION
The system consists of:
• An EGR valve assembly, located toward the rear
of the engine on the intake manifold.
• An EGR solenoid, located in the left rear of
engine compartment near EGR valve. The EGR sole-
noid controls the “on time” of the EGR valve.
• The ECM operates the EGR solenoid. The ECM
is located inside the vehicle under the instrument
panel.
• The vacuum pump supplies vacuum for the EGR
solenoid and the EGR valve. This pump also supplies
vacuum for operation of the power brake booster and
the heating and air conditioning system. The pump is
located in the rear of the cylinder head and is driven
by the exhaust camshaft.
• Vacuum lines and hoses connect the various
components.
When the ECM supplies a variable ground signal
to the EGR solenoid, EGR system operation begins.
The ECM will monitor and determine when to supply
and remove this variable ground signal. This will
depend on inputs from the engine coolant tempera-
ture, throttle position and engine speed sensors.
When the variable ground signal is supplied to the
EGR solenoid, vacuum from the vacuum pump will
be allowed to pass through the EGR solenoid and on
to the EGR valve with a connecting hose.
Exhaust gas recirculation will begin in this order
when:
• The ECM determines that EGR system opera-
tion is necessary.
• The engine is running to operate the vacuum
pump.
• A variable ground signal is supplied to the EGR
solenoid.
• Variable vacuum passes through the EGR sole-
noid to the EGR valve.
• The inlet seat (poppet valve) at the bottom of
the EGR valve opens to dilute and recirculate
exhaust gas back into the mixing chamber.
The EGR system will be shut down by the ECM
after 60 seconds of continuous engine idling to
improve idle quality.
VALVE
DESCRIPTION
The EGR valve is mounted to the cylinder head at
the left front corner of the engine (Fig. 1).
OPERATION
The engines use Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR)
systems. The EGR system reduces oxides of nitrogen
(NOx) in engine exhaust and helps prevent detona-
tion (engine knock). Under normal operating condi-
tions, engine cylinder temperature can reach more
than 1649°C (3000°F). Formation of NOx increases
proportionally
with
combustion
temperature.
To
reduce the emission of these oxides, the cylinder tem-
perature must be lowered. The system allows a pre-
determined amount of hot exhaust gas to recirculate
and dilute the incoming air/fuel mixture. The diluted
air/fuel mixture reduces peak flame temperature dur-
ing combustion.
25 - 2
EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION
PT
REMOVAL
(1) Disconnect negative battery cable.
(2) Remove engine cover (Refer to 9 - ENGINE
COVER - REMOVAL).
(3) Partially drain cooling system (Refer to 7 -
COOLING/ENGINE/COOLANT - STANDARD PRO-
CEDURE).
(4) Disconnect EGR valve vacuum line.
(5) Disconnect coolant hose at EGR valve.
(6) Disconnect EGR valve to mixing chamber pipe
at valve (Fig. 2).
(7) Remove EGR valve retaining bolts and remove
EGR valve (Fig. 3).
INSTALLATION
(1) Clean EGR valve sealing surfaces.
(2) Install EGR valve to cylinder head (Fig. 3).
Torque retaining bolts to 20N·m (15 lbs.ft.).
(3) Connect EGR valve to mixing chamber pipe at
valve (Fig. 2). Torque retaining bolts to 20N·m (15
lbs.ft.).
(4) Connect coolant hose at EGR valve.
(5) Connect EGR valve vacuum line.
(6) Refill cooling system (Refer to 7 - COOLING/
ENGINE/COOLANT - STANDARD PROCEDURE).
(7) Install engine cover (Refer to 9 - ENGINE
COVER - INSTALLATION).
(8) Connect negative battery cable.
Fig. 1 EGR VALVE LOCATION
1 - CAMSHAFT POSITION SENSOR
2 - INJECTION PUMP
3 - POWER DISTRIBUTION CENTER (PDC)
4 - EGR VALVE
Fig. 2 EGR VALVE TO MIXING CHAMBER PIPE
1 - EGR VALVE
2 - EGR VALVE TO MIXING CHAMBER PIPE
3 - INTAKE MANIFOLD
4 - FUEL RAIL
Fig. 3 EGR VALVE RETAINING BOLTS
1 - EGR VALVE
2 - EGR VALVE TO MIXING CHAMBER PIPE
3 - INTAKE MANIFOLD
4 - EGR VALVE RETAINING BOLTS
PT
EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION
25 - 3
VALVE (Continued)
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