BMW 323ci Convertible (2000 year). Instruction — part 9
112n
Break-in procedures
To ensure that your vehicle provides
Tires
The brake lamps do not come on
maximum economy throughout a long
when the parking brake is applied.
Due to technical factors associated
service life, we request that you comply
Vacuum for the brake system servo unit
with their manufacture, tires do not
with the following recommendations.
on your BMW is available only when the
achieve their full traction potential until
engine is running. When you move the
an initial break-in period has elapsed.
Engine and differential
vehicle with the engine shut off - when
Thus, drive with extra care during the
towing, for example - substantially
Up to 1,200 miles (2,000 km):
initial 200 miles (300 km).
higher levels of pedal force will be
Drive at varying engine and road
Obey your local and state maximum
required to brake the vehicle.<
speeds, but do not exceed 4,500 rpm
speed limits.
or 100 mph (160 km/h) during this time.
Obey your local and state maximum
When the vehicle is operated on
speed limits.
wet or slushy roads, a wedge of
water may form between the tire and
Refrain from using full throttle and avoid
the road surface. This phenomenon is
pressing the accelerator beyond the
referred to as aquaplaning, or hydro-
"kickdown" point.
planing, and can lead to partial or com-
After you have driven 1,200 miles
plete loss of traction, vehicle control
(2,000 km), you can gradually increase
and braking effectiveness. Reduce your
the engine and road speed.
speed on wet roads.<
You should also comply with these
break-in procedures if the engine or
Brake system
differential is replaced at a later point.
Brake pads and rotors do not achieve
their optimum wear and surface-con-
tact patterns until you have driven
approx. 300 miles (500 km).
To break in the separate parking brake
drums, apply the parking brake lightly
when coasting to a standstill (at a traffic
signal, for instance), provided that traf-
fic conditions allow you to do so.
To avoid corrosion, repeat this proce-
dure from time to time.
Driving notes
Catalytic converter
113n
Brakes:
The catalytic converter reduces harmful
Be sure to observe the instruc-
Do not drive with your foot resting
exhaust emissions. It is designed for
tions above to prevent unburned
on the brake pedal. Even light but con-
use with unleaded fuel only.
fuel from reaching the catalytic con-
sistent pedal pressure can lead to high
Even minute quantities of lead would be
verter, otherwise, the catalytic con-
temperatures, brake wear, and possibly
enough to permanently damage both
verter could overheat and be damaged.
to brake failure.
the catalytic converter and the system
High temperatures occur in every vehi-
Aquaplaning:
oxygen sensor.
cle equipped with a catalytic converter.
When driving on wet or slushy roads,
Heat shields are installed adjacent to
To ensure efficient, trouble-free engine
reduce vehicle speed. If you do not, a
some sections of the exhaust system.
operation and to avoid potential damage:
wedge of water may form between the
Never remove these shields; do not
> Be sure to comply with the scheduled
tires and the road surface. This phe-
apply undercoating to their surfaces.
maintenance requirements
nomenon is referred to as aquaplaning
When driving, standing at idle, and
> Fill the fuel tank well before it is
or hydroplaning. It is characterized by a
parking the vehicle, take extra care to
empty
partial or complete loss of contact be-
avoid contact between the exhaust sys-
> Tow-start only when the engine is
tween the tires and the road surface.
tem and flammable materials (grass,
cold. If you attempt to tow-start with
The ultimate results are loss of steering
hay, leaves, etc.). Such contact could
a warm engine, unburned residual
and braking control.
lead to a fire, resulting in serious per-
fuel in the catalytic converter could
Driving through water:
sonal injury and property damage.<
ignite and cause damage. It is better
Do not drive through water over the
to jump-start the vehicle with outside
road if it is deeper than 1 ft (30 cm), and
assistance
then only at walking speed, otherwise
> Avoid other situations in which the
the engine, electrical system and trans-
fuel is not burned, or burns incom-
mission could be damaged.
pletely, such as engaging the starter
Clothes hooks (when hardtop* is
frequently or for extended periods, or
mounted):
repeated start attempts in which the
When suspending clothing from the
engine does not start (stopping and
hooks, ensure that they will not obstruct
restarting an engine which is running
the driver's vision. Do not hang heavy
properly does not present a problem).
objects on the hooks. If you do, they
Never allow the engine to run with
could cause personal injury during
any of the spark plug cables
braking or evasive maneuvers.<
disconnected.
114nAntilock Brake System (ABS)
The concept
Braking with ABS
However, ABS continues to provide
enhanced vehicle stability and steering
ABS enhances active driving safety
The system is operative once the vehi-
response under these conditions.
by helping to prevent the wheels from
cle exceeds a speed of approx. 6 mph
locking while braking. This is because
(10 km/h). It is deactivated once again
locked wheels are dangerous. When
below approx. 4 mph (6 km/h). This
Information for your safety
the front wheels slide, the driver loses
means that the wheels can lock in the
Not even ABS can suspend the laws of
steering control over the vehicle.
final phase of a panic stop - a factor of
physics. ABS cannot prevent the conse-
Traction loss at the rear wheels can
no significance in actual use.
quences of brake applications with inad-
cause the rear end to break into an
equate clearances for safety between
If you are in a situation that requires full
uncontrolled skid.
vehicles, when exceeding the speed
braking, you will exploit the full benefits
limit in curves, or the risks involved
ABS is designed to meet two essential
of the ABS system if you apply maxi-
when aquaplaning occurs. Responsibil-
requirements during every brake appli-
mum brake pressure ("panic stop").
ity for these types of situations remains
cation:
Since the vehicle maintains steering
in the hands (and at the feet) of the
responsiveness, you can nevertheless
> To help provide vehicle stability
driver. You should never allow the
avoid possible obstacles with a mini-
> To help maintain steering control and
added safety of ABS to lull you into a
mum of steering effort.
maneuverability - on all types of road
false sense of security, or mislead you
surfaces (asphalt, concrete, mud, wet
The ABS closed-loop control circuit
into taking increased risks that could
road surfaces, snow, ice).
cycles in fractions of a second. A pulsa-
affect your own safety and that of others.
tion at the brake pedal, together with
The system can achieve the shortest
the sounds associated with the hydrau-
braking distances possible under most
Do not make any modifications to
lic controls, tells you that the brake sys-
conditions (on straight aways and in
the ABS system.
tem is within its maximum limit range,
curves, on asphalt, ice, wet road sur-
Service procedures on ABS are to be
and reminds you that you should adapt
faces, etc.).
performed by authorized technicians
road speed to the road conditions.
only.<
On road surfaces that have a loose
surface layer on a firm base with good
traction (on gravel or snow, for exam-
ple), or when snow chains are mounted,
braking distances may be longer than
with locked wheels.
Antilock Brake System (ABS)
115n
Antilock Brake System (ABS)/
In the event of a malfunction
Indicator and warning lamps
Cornering Brake Control (CBC)
CBC, ABS and DSC for Cana-
If the ABS warning lamp in the
dian models.
CBC is an advanced engineering de-
instrument cluster lights up,
sign of the ABS. When braking while
refer to page 22. The brake
cornering at high speed or braking dur-
system then reverts to conventional
ing high lateral acceleration, or when
operation as on vehicles without ABS.
braking during a lane change, vehicle
However, have the brake system
stability is improved and steering re-
checked by your BMW center as soon
sponse is enhanced.
as possible, to prevent undetected
defects and cumulative faults from
adversely affecting the brake system.
ABS warning lamp for Canadian
models.
If the brake warning lamp
comes on together with the indi-
cator lamps for ABS and DSC -
refer to page 21 - the entire
ABS, CBC and DSC control sys-
tem has failed. Continue driving
cautiously and defensively.
Avoid full brake applications.
This could cause the vehicle to lose
stability and you might no longer be
able to control it.
Have the system checked as soon as
possible by your BMW center.
116nDisc brakes
Disc brakes furnish optimum decelera-
Driving notes
If engine braking should prove to be
tion and braking control and greater
inadequate, you should still avoid ex-
When driving in wet conditions and in
fade resistance under heavy use.
tended, continuous braking. Instead of
heavy rain, it is advisable to apply light
maintaining low to moderate pressure
When the vehicle is driven only occa-
pressure to the brake pedal every few
over an extended period of time, you
sionally, during extended periods when
miles or kilometers. Watch traffic condi-
should decelerate by applying more
the vehicle is not used at all, and in
tions to ensure that this maneuver does
substantial pressure to the brake pedal
operating conditions where brake appli-
not endanger other drivers. The heat
(watch for following traffic), releasing
cations are less frequent, there is an
which is generated by the brake appli-
the pedal, and then repeating the appli-
increased tendency for corrosion of the
cations helps to dry the brake pads and
cation (staggered braking). The cooling
rotors and accumulation of contamina-
rotors.
phases between active braking inter-
tion on the brake pads. This occurs
Maximum braking force is obtained
vals prevent the brakes from overheat-
because the minimal pressure that
while the wheels continue to rotate, but
ing, thus ensuring that full braking
must be exerted by the pads to clean
rather when they are still barely turning
capacity remains available at all times.
the rotors by brake applications is
immediately prior to locking. ABS main-
not reached.
tains this state automatically. If the ABS
Do not coast with the clutch de-
If the brake rotors are corroded, they
fails, you should revert to the staggered
pressed or with the shift lever or
will tend to respond to braking with a
braking technique described on
selector lever in "Neutral". Do not drive
pulsating effect that even extended
page 119.
with the engine shut off. The engine
brake applications will fail to cure.
Extended or steep mountain descents
provides no braking effect when the
do not necessarily lead to reduced
clutch is depressed or the transmission
For your own safety: use only
braking efficiency if you drive downhill
is in "Neutral", and there is no power
brake pads that BMW has ap-
with the transmission in a gear that
assist for braking or steering when the
proved for your particular vehicle
allows minimal brake applications (or,
engine is not running.
model. BMW cannot evaluate non-ap-
with automatic transmission*, in an
Do not allow floor mats, carpets or any
proved brake pads to determine if they
appropriate lower gear).
other objects to protrude into the area
are suited for use, and therefore cannot
You can further increase the engine's
around the brake pedal, the clutch or
ensure the operating safety of the vehi-
braking effect by selecting a lower gear,
the accelerator, which could obstruct
cle if they are installed.<
downshifting as far as first gear or plac-
their freedom of movement.<
ing the selector lever in position 1.
Brake system
117n
Brake fluid level
Brake linings
If the warning lamp for the brake
If the warning lamp for the brake
system comes on with the park-
pads lights up:
ing brake released:
The brake pads have reached
The brake fluid level is too low in the
their minimum pad thickness. Proceed
reservoir (refer to page 136).
to the nearest BMW center as soon as
possible to have the pads replaced.
If the brake fluid level is too low and
brake pedal travel has become notice-
For your own safety: use only
ably longer, there may be a defect in
BMW approved brake pads for
one of the hydraulic circuits of the
your particular vehicle model. BMW
brake system.
cannot evaluate non-approved brake
Warning lamps or the brake
pads to determine if they are suited for
system for Canadian models.
use, and therefore cannot ensure the
operating safety of the vehicle if they
are installed.<
Proceed to the nearest BMW
center. Increased brake applica-
tion pressure may be necessary under
these conditions, and brake pedal
travel may be significantly longer.
Please remember to adapt your driving
style accordingly.<
118nWinter operation
Winter is often accompanied by rapid
Rubber seals and components
Starting off
changes in weather, requiring not only
To prevent the weather stripping from
When starting off from a full stop in
a different driving style, but also certain
freezing, apply a spray-on rubber treat-
deep snow or when "rocking" the vehi-
preparations to the vehicle itself to en-
ment or silicone spray to the door, hood
cle to free it, it may be effective to
sure that your vehicle operates safely
and luggage compartment lid seals.
deactivate the DSC system for a short
and trouble free throughout the winter
period. Refer to page 88.
months.
A full range of car care products is
available from your BMW center.<
Driving on low-traction road
Coolant
surfaces
Be sure that the coolant mixture con-
Snow chains
Use smooth, gentle pressure to control
tains the year-round ratio of 50:50
BMW snow chains can be mounted on
the accelerator pedal. Avoid excessive
water and antifreeze/corrosion protec-
both summer and winter tires. Mount
engine speeds and shift to the next
tion. This mixture provides protection
them in pairs on the rear wheels only
higher gear at an early point. On down-
against freezing down to approx. -34 7
and comply with the manufacturer's
hill grades or slopes, shift down to the
(-37 6). Replace the coolant every four
safety precautions. Do not exceed a
next lower gear at an early point. Main-
years.
maximum speed of 30 mph (50 km/h).
tain an adequate distance between
In this type of exceptional situation
yourself and the vehicle ahead.
Locks
where the snow chains are mounted,
BMW door lock deicer can be used to
deactivate the DSC. Refer to page 88.
free them if frozen. This deicer also
contains lubricant.
After its use, treatment with BMW lock
barrel grease is recommended.
Winter operation
119n
Brakes
Do not shift down on slick road
Parking
surfaces. Doing so could cause
Winter road conditions substantially
Engage first or reverse gear. If your
the rear wheels to lose traction and
reduce the amount of traction available
vehicle is equipped with an automatic
skid, which could result in the loss of
between the tires and the road surface.
transmission, place the selector lever in
vehicle control.<
Keep this in mind, because the braking
Park. On vehicles with manual trans-
distance increases substantially.
mission, also apply the parking brake
Depress the clutch during hard
when parking on inclined surfaces. In
ABS is intended to prevent the wheels
braking on road surfaces that pro-
order to prevent the parking brake pads
from locking during brake applications,
vide only poor or uneven traction.<
from locking due to frost or corrosion,
thus helping to maintain vehicle stability
dry them by gently applying the parking
and steering response.
Skid control
brake as the vehicle is coming to a
If the ABS does not respond in a critical
Depress the clutch and release the ac-
stop. Make sure that following traffic
braking situation and the wheels lock,
celerator pedal, or place the selector
is not endangered.
reduce the pressure on the brake pedal
lever of the automatic transmission into
until the wheels just start to roll again
the "Neutral" position. Countersteer
The brake lamps do not come
while still maintaining enough force to
carefully and attempt to regain control
on when the parking brake
continue braking. Then increase the
of the vehicle.
is applied.<
pressure, reduce the pressure when the
wheels lock, reapply pressure, etc.
This staggered braking procedure will
reduce stopping distances while help-
ing you maintain steering control.
You can then attempt to steer around
hazards after you have reduced pres-
sure on the brake pedal.
120nPower steering
Cellular phone*
Radio reception
Changes in steering response, e.g. high
Only mobile communications systems
The reception and sound quality
steering effort:
(cellular phone, two-way radios, etc.)
obtained from mobile radios varies
Consult a BMW center to have the sys-
with an output up to 10 watts are per-
according to a variety of factors, includ-
tem checked.
mitted. Mobile communications devices
ing the broadcast range of the transmit-
not specifically designed for use in your
ter and the directional orientation of the
If the power steering fails, in-
vehicle may trigger malfunctions while
antenna. Interference factors such as
creased effort will be required to
operating your vehicle. BMW can nei-
high-tension power lines, structural or
steer the vehicle.<
ther test nor assume responsibility for
natural obstructions can all lead to un-
every individual product being offered
avoidable reception interference, re-
on the market. We recommend that you
gardless of how well the vehicle sound
consult your BMW center before pur-
system is operating.
chasing any device of this kind.
Climatic factors such as intense solar
radiation, fog, rain and snow can also
To ensure that your BMW continues to
interfere with reception.
provide reliable and trouble-free opera-
tion, do not use a cellular phone or
Car telephones or cellular phones not
other radio device with an antenna
approved by BMW can also cause in-
located inside the passenger compart-
terference in the radio during a tele-
ment. The antenna should always be
phone call. This phenomenon assumes
mounted on the outside of the vehicle.
the form of a low-pitched hum emanat-
ing from the speaker system.
Before loading the vehicle on
Please refer to the supplementary
a car-carrier train or driving it
Owner's Manual provided with your car
through a car-wash, remove the
radio* for detailed information on its
antenna.<
use.
Hardtop*
121n
It is not necessary to remove the fabric
top even in the winter, when the hard-
top is generally in constant use. But you
can take it off at any time with no prob-
lem. Before the fabric top is stored in
the convertible top compartment, it
must be absolutely dry in order to keep
water and mildew from forming.
The hardtop offers reading lamps as
well as clothes hooks in the rear, which
can be used simply by pressing on
them. In addition, a luggage rack sys-
tem can also be mounted on the hard-
Storage
Installation
top. If you have a problem in this re-
1
Lower the side windows completely
gard, please contact your BMW center.
Storing the hardtop on the floor:
and fold down the sun visors. If nec-
Push the provided hard foam
essary, remove the antenna rod to
When suspending clothing from
block toward the front in the center
prevent damage
the hooks, ensure that they will
onto the hardtop. The arrow on the
2
For vehicles with manual convertible
not obstruct the driver's vision. Do not
foam block has to point upward.<
top operation, unlock the convertible
hang heavy objects on the hooks. If you
top compartment lid and, if neces-
do so, they could cause personal injury
sary, open it somewhat. For vehicles
during braking or evasive maneuvers.<
with fully automatic convertible top
operation*, start opening the con-
Two persons are required for installing
vertible top compartment lid by
or removing the hardtop. Work with
pressing the button for the convert-
extreme caution in order to avoid paint
ible top operation
damage and damage to the body or
3
Remove the trim pieces on both
hardtop.
sides by pulling them toward the
To facilitate the installation or removal of
back (arrow) and close the convert-
the hardtop, you can purchase either a
ible top compartment lid again
specially designed hardtop lift* or hard-
top roller carrier* at your BMW center.
122nHardtop*
9 To lock the hardtop in front, keep
closing the front locking levers until
you hear them engage.
Raise the hardtop carefully. Be
very careful not to displace the
seals. Seals that have been accidentally
displaced or pulled out lead to leaks.c
Removing
Remove the hardtop in the opposite
order of installation.
4
Open both front locking levers. To do
5
Fold the cover panels that are on
this press the buttons. The levers will
the right and left side and below the
loosen somewhat. Flip the levers
interior lamps downward before
open until they hit the stop
mounting the hardtop. Press against
the small bulge on the cover panel.
There is a bracket in the cover panel
for secure storage of the the trim
pieces that have been removed (1)
6
Open the red locking lever all the
way (2)
7
Position the hardtop onto the sup-
ports with the help of a second per-
son. Be sure to place the supports
right in the brackets provided
8
In the back, close the red locking
levers by turning them inward until
they hit the stop behind the trim. Fold
the cover panels back
Tire inflation pressure
Tire condition
123n
Information for your safety
Do not drive on a deflated (flat)
tire. A flat tire greatly impairs
The factory approved radial tires are
steering and braking response, and can
matched to the vehicle and have been
lead to complete loss of control over
selected to provide optimum safety and
the vehicle.
driving comfort.
Avoid overloading the vehicle so that
It is not merely the tire's service life, but
the permitted load on the tires is not ex-
also driving comfort and - above all else
ceeded. Overloading can lead to over-
- driving safety that depend on the con-
heating and increases the rate at which
dition of the tires and the maintenance
damage develops inside the tires. You
of the specified tire pressure.
could have a blowout as a result.
Incorrect inflation pressure is a frequent
Unusual vibrations encountered during
cause of tire damage. It also signifi-
normal vehicle operation can indicate
Tire tread - tire damage
cantly influences the roadholding ability
tire failure or some other vehicle defect.
of your BMW.
Inspect your tires frequently for tread
This is also true for irregularities in the
wear, signs of damage and for foreign
vehicle's handling characteristics, such
Check tire inflation pressures reg-
objects lodged in the tread. Check the
as a pronounced tendency to pull to the
ularly - including the space-saver
tread depth.
left or right. Should this occur, respond
spare tire - at least twice a month and
Tread depth should not be allowed to
by immediately reducing your speed.
before beginning a longer trip (see
go below 0.12 in (3 mm), even though
Proceed carefully to the nearest BMW
page 27). If this is not done, incorrect
the legally specified minimum tread
center or professional tire center, or
tire pressures can cause driving insta-
depth is only 0.063 in (1.6 mm). At a
have the vehicle towed in to have it and
bility and tire damage, ultimately result-
tread depth of 0.063 in (1.6 mm), tread
its tires inspected.
ing in accidents.<
depth indicators (arrow) in the tread-
Tire damage (up to and including sud-
groove base indicate that the legally-
den and complete air loss) can endan-
permissible wear limit has been
ger the lives of both the vehicle occu-
reached. Below 0.12 in (3 mm) tread
pants and other drivers on the road.<
depth, there is an increased risk of
aquaplaning, even at relatively moder-
ate speeds and with only small amounts
of water on the road.
124n
Tire replacement
To maintain good handling and vehicle
practices and differences in road
Grade C corresponds to a level of per-
response, use only tires of a single
characteristics and climate.
formance which all passenger car tires
tread configuration from a single manu-
must meet under the Federal Motor
facturer. BMW tests and approves
Traction
Vehicle Safety Standard No. 109.
wheel/tire combinations. Refer to
Grades B and A represent higher levels
The traction grades, from highest to
page 128.
of performance on the laboratory test
lowest, are AA, A, B, and C.
wheel than the minimum required by law.
Those grades represent the tire's ability
DOT Quality Grades
to stop on wet pavement as measured
The temperature grade for this tire
Treadwear
under controlled conditions on speci-
is established for a tire that is prop-
Traction AA A B C
fied government test surfaces of as-
erly inflated and not overloaded. Exces-
Temperature A B C
phalt and concrete. A tire marked C
sive speed, underinflation, or excessive
may have poor traction performance.
loading, either separately or in combina-
In addition to the tire grades listed
tion, can cause heat buildup and possi-
above, all passenger car tires must
The traction grade assigned to
ble tire failure.<
conform to Federal Safety Require-
this tire is based on straight-
ments as well.<
ahead braking traction tests, and
does not include acceleration, corner-
Uniform Tire Quality Grading
Treadwear
ing, hydroplaning, or peak traction
Quality grades can be found where
characteristics.<
applicable on the tire sidewall between
The treadwear grade is a comparative
tread shoulder and maximum section
rating based on the wear rate of the tire
Temperature
width. For example:
when tested under controlled condi-
tions on a specified government test
The temperature grades are A (the high-
Tread wear 200 Traction AA
course.
est), B, and C, representing the tire's re-
Temperature A
For example, a tire graded 150 would
sistance to the generation of heat and
wear one and one-half (1-1/2) times as
its ability to dissipate heat when tested
Do not use retreaded tires ("caps").
well on the government course as a tire
under controlled conditions on a speci-
Driving safety may be impaired by
graded 100. The relative performance
fied indoor laboratory test wheel.
their use. This due to the possible varia-
of tires depends upon the actual condi-
Sustained high temperature can cause
tions in casing structures and, in some
tions of their use, however, and may
the tire material to degenerate and re-
cases, to their extreme age, factors
depart significantly from the norm due
duce tire life, and excessive tempera-
which can lead to a decrease in their
to variations in driving habits, service
ture can lead to sudden tire failure. The
durability.<
Tire replacement
Tire rotation
125n
Tire age
Between the axles
If different tire sizes are mounted
on the front and rear axles (refer
The date on which the tire was manu-
The tread wear patterns at the front
to page 128), the wheels may not be
factured is indicated by the code on the
end differ from those at the rear - the
rotated from one axle to the other.<
sidewall:
actual patterns will vary according to
DOT ... 150 indicates that the tire was
individual driving conditions. In the
manufactured during week 15 of the
interests of safety and maintaining opti-
year 2000.
mal handling characteristics, tire rota-
tion is not recommended.
BMW recommends the replacement of
all tires when the tires are no more than
If a proposed interaxle rotation of tires
6 years old, even if a tire life of 10 years
is based on economic considerations,
is possible.
one should consider whether the costs
for the rotation are likely to be recap-
Spare tires over 6 years old should be
tured by any increase in the service life
used only in case of emergency. A tire
of the tires that might be realized. Rota-
in this condition should be replaced by
tion should always be carried out at
a new tire immediately, and should not
short intervals, with a maximum of
be mounted together with new tires.
3,000 miles (5,000 km). Consult your
BMW center for more information.
Should you decide to rotate the tires, it
is essential to comply with the following:
Rotate tires on the same side only, since
braking characteristics and road grip
could otherwise be adversely affected.
Following rotation, the tire inflation
pressure should always be corrected.
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