Toyota Mirai (2022 year). Manual in english — page 13

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5-5. Using the driving support systems

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• When the temperature around the radar sensor is outside of the opera-

tional range, such as when the vehicle is in the sun or in an extremely cold

environment

• When the front camera cannot detect objects in front of the vehicle, such

as when driving in the dark, snow, or fog, or when bright lights are shining

into the front camera

• Depending on the conditions in the vicinity of the vehicle, the radar may

judge the surrounding environment can not be properly recognized. In that

case, “Pre-Collision System Unavailable See Owner’s Manual” is dis-

played.

212

5-5. Using the driving support systems

The system can detect the fol-
lowing (The detectable objects
differs depending on the func-
tion.):



Vehicles



Bicyclists



Pedestrians

■

Pre-collision warning

When the system determines
that the possibility of a frontal
collision is high, a buzzer will
sound and a warning message
will be displayed on the multi-
information display to urge the
driver to take evasive action.

“BRAKE!”

■

Pre-collision brake assist

When the system determines
that the possibility of a frontal
collision is high, the system
applies greater braking force in
relation to how strongly the
brake pedal is depressed.

■

Pre-collision braking

If the system determines that
the possibility of a frontal colli-
sion is extremely high, the
brakes are automatically applied
to help avoid the collision or
reduce the impact of the colli-
sion.

PCS (Pre-Collision Sys-

tem)

The pre-collision system
uses a radar sensor and
front camera to detect
objects (



P.212) in front of

the vehicle. When the sys-
tem determines that the
possibility of a frontal colli-
sion with an object is high, a
warning operates to urge
the driver to take evasive
action and the potential
brake pressure is increased
to help the driver avoid the
collision. If the system
determines that the possi-
bility of a frontal collision
with an object is extremely
high, the brakes are auto-
matically applied to help
avoid the collision or help
reduce the impact of the col-
lision.

The pre-collision system can
be disabled/enabled and the
warning timing can be
changed. (



P.215)

Detectable objects

System functions

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■

Emergency steering assist

If the system determines that
the possibility of a frontal colli-
sion is high and that there is suf-
ficient space for the vehicle to
be steered into within its lane,
and the driver has begun eva-
sive maneuver or steering,
emergency steering assist will
assist the steering movements
to help enhance the vehicle sta-
bility and for lane departure pre-
vention. During operation, the
indicator will illuminate in green.

■

Intersection right/left turn
assistance

If the system determines that
there is a high possibility of a
collision in the following situa-
tions, it will assist with Pre-colli-
sion warning and, if necessary
Pre-collision braking.
Depending on the configuration
of the intersection, it may not be
possible to support.



When you turn right/left at an
intersection and cross the
path of an oncoming vehicle



When you turn right/left,
pedestrian is detected in the
forward direction and esti-
mated to enter your vehicle’s
path (bicyclists are not
detected.)

WARNING

■

Limitations of the pre-colli-

sion system

●

The driver is solely responsible

for safe driving. Always drive

safely, taking care to observe

your surroundings.

Do not use the pre-collision sys-

tem instead of normal braking

operations under any circum-

stances. This system will not

prevent collisions or lessen col-

lision damage or injury in every

situation. Do not overly rely on

this system. Failure to do so

may lead to an accident, result-

ing in death or serious injury.

214

5-5. Using the driving support systems

WARNING

●

Although this system is

designed to help avoid a colli-

sion or help reduce the impact

of the collision, its effectiveness

may change according to vari-

ous conditions, therefore the

system may not always be able

to achieve the same level of

performance.

Read the following conditions

carefully. Do not overly rely on

this system and always drive

carefully.

• Conditions under which the sys-

tem may operate even if there is

no possibility of a collision:



P.219

• Conditions under which the sys-

tem may not operate properly:



P.220

●

Do not attempt to test the oper-

ation of the pre-collision system

yourself.

Depending on the objects used

for testing (dummies, card-

board objects imitating detect-

able objects, etc.), the system

may not operate properly, possi-

bly leading to an accident.

■

Pre-collision braking

●

When the pre-collision braking

function is operating, a large

amount of braking force will be

applied.

●

If the vehicle is stopped by the

operation of the pre-collision

braking function, the pre-colli-

sion braking function operation

will be canceled after approxi-

mately 2 seconds. Depress the

brake pedal as necessary.

●

The pre-collision braking func-

tion may not operate if certain

operations are performed by the

driver. If the accelerator pedal is

being depressed strongly or the

steering wheel is being turned,

the system may determine that

the driver is taking evasive

action and possibly prevent the

pre-collision braking function

from operating.

●

In some situations, while the

pre-collision braking function is

operating, operation of the func-

tion may be canceled if the

accelerator pedal is depressed

strongly or the steering wheel is

turned and the system deter-

mines that the driver is taking

evasive action.

●

If the brake pedal is being

depressed, the system may

determine that the driver is tak-

ing evasive action and possibly

delay the operation timing of the

pre-collision braking function.

■

Emergency steering assist

●

As emergency steering assist

operation will be canceled when

the system determines that lane

departure prevention function

has been completed.

●

Emergency steering assist may

not operate or may be cancel in

the following cases as the sys-

tem may determine the driver is

taking actions.

• If the accelerator pedal is being

depressed strongly, the steering

wheel is being operated sharply,

the brake pedal is being

depressed or the turn signal

lever is being operated. In this

case, the system may deter-

mine that the driver is taking

evasive action and the emer-

gency steering assist may not

operate.

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■

Enabling/disabling the pre-
collision system

The pre-collision system can be
enabled/disabled on

(



P.498) of the multi-informa-

tion display.

The system is automatically
enabled each time the power
switch is turned to ON.

If the system is disabled, the
PCS warning light will turn on
and a message will be displayed
on the multi-information display.

WARNING

• In some situations, while the

emergency steering assist is

operating, operation of the func-

tion may be canceled if the

accelerator pedal is depressed

strongly, the steering wheel is

operated sharply or the brake

pedal is being depressed and

the system determines that the

driver is taking evasive action.

• When the emergency steering

assist is operating, if the steer-

ing wheel is held firmly or is

operated in the opposite direc-

tion to that which the system is

generating torque, the function

may be canceled.

■

When to disable the pre-colli-

sion system

In the following situations, disable

the system, as it may not operate

properly, possibly leading to an

accident resulting in death or seri-

ous injury:

●

When the vehicle is being towed

●

When your vehicle is towing

another vehicle

●

When transporting the vehicle

via truck, boat, train or similar

means of transportation

●

When the vehicle is raised on a

lift with the fuel cell system on

and the tires are allowed to

rotate freely

●

When inspecting the vehicle

using a drum tester such as a

chassis dynamometer or speed-

ometer tester, or when using an

on vehicle wheel balancer

●

When a strong impact is applied

to the front bumper or front

grille, due to an accident or

other reasons

●

If the vehicle cannot be driven in

a stable manner, such as when

the vehicle has been in an acci-

dent or is malfunctioning

●

When the vehicle is driven in a

sporty manner or off-road

●

When the tires are not properly

inflated

●

When the tires are very worn

●

When tires of a size other than

specified are installed

●

When tire chains are installed

●

When a compact spare tire or

an emergency tire puncture

repair kit is used

●

If equipment (snow plow, etc.)

that may obstruct the radar sen-

sor or front camera is temporar-

ily installed to the vehicle

Changing settings of the
pre-collision system

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5-5. Using the driving support systems

“Pre-Collision System OFF”

■

Changing the pre-collision
warning timing

The pre-collision warning timing
can be changed on

(



P.498) of the multi-informa-

tion display.

The warning timing setting is
retained when the power switch is
turned off. However, if the pre-colli-
sion system is disabled and re-
enabled, the operation timing will
return to the default setting (mid-
dle).

If the pre-collision warning tim-
ing is changed, emergency
steering assist timing will also
be changed accordingly.
If late is selected, emergency
steering assist would not oper-
ate in case of an emergency.

1

Early

2

Middle

This is the default setting.

3

Late

■

Operational conditions for each pre-collision function

The pre-collision system is enabled and the system determines that the pos-

sibility of a frontal collision with a detected object is high.
The system may not operate in the following situations:
• If a 12-volt battery terminal has been disconnected and reconnected and

then the vehicle has not been driven for a certain amount of time

• If the shift position is in R
• When the VSC OFF indicator is illuminated (only the pre-collision warning

function will be operational)

The operation speeds and operation cancelation for each function is listed

below.

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●

Pre-collision warning

While the pre-collision warning function is operating, if the steering wheel is

operated heavily or suddenly, the pre-collision warning may be canceled.

●

Pre-collision brake assist

●

Pre-collision braking

If either of the following occur while the pre-collision braking function is oper-

ating, it will be canceled:
• The accelerator pedal is depressed strongly.
• The steering wheel is turned sharply or abruptly.

Detectable objects

Vehicle speed

Relative speed between

your vehicle and object

Preceding and stopped
vehicles

Approx. 7 to 110 mph
(10 to 180 km/h)

Approx. 7 to 110 mph
(10 to 180 km/h)

Oncoming vehicles

Approx. 7 to 110 mph
(10 to 180 km/h)

Approx. 13 to 110 mph
(20 to 180 km/h)

Bicyclists and pedestri-
ans

Approx. 7 to 50 mph (10
to 80 km/h)

Approx. 7 to 50 mph (10
to 80 km/h)

Detectable objects

Vehicle speed

Relative speed between

your vehicle and object

Preceding and stopped
vehicles

Approx. 20 to 110 mph
(30 to 180 km/h)

Approx. 20 to 110 mph
(30 to 180 km/h)

Bicyclists and pedestri-
ans

Approx. 20 to 50 mph
(30 to 80 km/h)

Approx. 20 to 50 mph
(30 to 80 km/h)

Detectable objects

Vehicle speed

Relative speed between

your vehicle and object

Preceding and stopped
vehicles

Approx. 7 to 110 mph
(10 to 180 km/h)

Approx. 7 to 110 mph
(10 to 180 km/h)

Oncoming vehicles

Approx. 7 to 110 mph
(10 to 180 km/h)

Approx. 13 to 110 mph
(20 to 180 km/h)

Bicyclists and pedestri-
ans

Approx. 7 to 50 mph (10
to 80 km/h)

Approx. 7 to 50 mph (10
to 80 km/h)

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5-5. Using the driving support systems

●

Emergency steering assist

When the turn signal lights are flashing, emergency steering assist will not
operate in case of an emergency.

If any of the following occur while the emergency steering assist function is

operating, it will be canceled:
• The accelerator pedal is depressed strongly.
• The steering wheel is turned sharply or abruptly.
• The brake pedal is depressed.

●

Intersection right/left turn assistance (pre-collision warning)

When the turn signal lights are not flashing, support for turning left or right at
an intersection which targets oncoming vehicles does not work.

●

Intersection right/left turn assistance (pre-collision braking)

When the turn signal lights are not flashing, support for turning left or right at
an intersection which targets oncoming vehicles does not work.

■

Object detection function

The system detects objects based

on their size, profile, motion, etc.

However, an object may not be

detected depending on the sur-

rounding brightness and the motion,

posture, and angle of the detected

object, preventing the system from

operating properly. (



P.220)

The illustration shows an image of

Detectable objects

Vehicle speed

Relative speed between

your vehicle and object

Preceding and stopped

vehicles, bicyclists and

pedestrians

Approx. 25 to 50 mph

(40 to 80 km/h)

Approx. 25 to 50 mph

(40 to 80 km/h)

Detect-

able

objects

Vehicle speed

Oncoming vehicle

speed

Relative speed

between your vehi-

cle and object

Oncoming

vehicles

Approx. 7 to 15 mph

(10 to 25 km/h)

Approx. 20 to 35

mph (30 to 55 km/h)

Approx. 25 to 50

mph (40 to 80 km/h)

Pedestri-

ans

Approx. 7 to 15 mph

(10 to 25 km/h)

-

Approx. 7 to 15 mph

(10 to 25 km/h)

Detect-

able

objects

Vehicle speed

Oncoming vehicle

speed

Relative speed

between your vehi-

cle and object

Oncoming

vehicles

Approx. 10 to 15

mph (15 to 25 km/h)

Approx. 20 to 28

mph (30 to 45 km/h)

Approx. 28 to 43

mph (45 to 70 km/h)

Pedestri-

ans

Approx. 7 to 15 mph

(10 to 25 km/h)

-

Approx. 7 to 15 mph

(10 to 25 km/h)

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detectable objects.

■

Conditions under which the

system may operate even if

there is no possibility of a colli-

sion

●

In some situations such as the fol-

lowing, the system may determine

that there is a possibility of a fron-

tal collision and operate.

• When passing a detectable object,

etc.

• When changing lanes while over-

taking a detectable object, etc.

• When approaching a detectable

object in an adjacent lane or on

the roadside, such as when

changing the course of travel or

driving on a winding road

• When rapidly closing on a detect-

able object, etc.

• When approaching objects on the

roadside, such as detectable

objects, guardrails, utility poles,

trees, or walls

• When there is a detectable object

or other object by the roadside at

the entrance of a curve

• When there are patterns or paint

in front of your vehicle that may be

mistaken for a detectable object

• When the front of your vehicle is

hit by water, snow, dust, etc.

• When overtaking a detectable

object that is changing lanes or

making a right/left turn

• When passing a detectable object

in an oncoming lane that is

stopped to make a right/left turn

• When a detectable object

approaches very close and then

stops before entering the path of

your vehicle

• If the front of your vehicle is raised

or lowered, such as when on an

uneven or undulating road surface

• When driving on a road sur-

rounded by a structure, such as in

a tunnel or on an iron bridge

• When there is a metal object

(manhole cover, steel plate, etc.),

steps, or a protrusion in front of

your vehicle

• When passing under an object

220

5-5. Using the driving support systems

(road sign, billboard, etc.)

• When approaching an electric toll

gate barrier, parking area barrier,

or other barrier that opens and

closes

• When using an automatic car

wash

• When driving through or under

objects that may contact your

vehicle, such as thick grass, tree

branches, or a banner

• When driving through steam or

smoke

• When driving near an object that

reflects radio waves, such as a

large truck or guardrail

• When driving near a TV tower,

broadcasting station, electric

power plant, radar equipped vehi-

cles, etc., or other location where

strong radio waves or electrical

noise may be present

• When there are many things

which can reflect the radio waves

of the radar in the vicinity (tunnels,

truss bridges, gravel roads, snow

covered road that have tracks,

etc.)

• While making a right/left turn,

when an oncoming vehicle or a

crossing pedestrian has already

exited the path of your vehicle

• While making a right/left turn,

closely in front of an oncoming

vehicle or a crossing pedestrian.

• While making a right/left turn,

when an oncoming vehicle or a

crossing pedestrian stops before

entering the path of your vehicle

• While making a right/left turn,

when an oncoming vehicle turns

right/left in front of your vehicle

• While steering into the direction of

oncoming traffic

■

Situations in which the system

may not operate properly

●

In some situations such as the fol-

lowing, an object may not be

detected by the radar sensor and

front camera, preventing the sys-

tem from operating properly:

• When a detectable object is

approaching your vehicle

• When your vehicle or a detectable

object is wobbling

• If a detectable object makes an

abrupt maneuver (such as sudden

swerving, acceleration or deceler-

ation)

• When your vehicle approaches a

detectable object rapidly

• When a detectable object is not

directly in front of your vehicle

• When a detectable object is near

a wall, fence, guardrail, manhole

cover, vehicle, steel plate on the

road, etc.

• When a detectable object is under

a structure

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• When part of a detectable object

is hidden by an object, such as

large baggage, an umbrella, or

guardrail

• When there are many things

which can reflect the radio waves

of the radar in the vicinity (tunnels,

truss bridges, gravel roads, snow

covered road that have tracks,

etc.)

• When there is an effect on the

radio waves to the radar that is

installed on another vehicle

• When multiple detectable objects

are close together

• If the sun or other light is shining

directly on a detectable object

• When a detectable object is a

shade of white and looks

extremely bright

• When a detectable object appears

to be nearly the same color or

brightness as its surroundings

• If a detectable object cuts or sud-

denly emerges in front of your

vehicle

• When the front of your vehicle is

hit by water, snow, dust, etc.

• When a very bright light ahead,

such as the sun or the headlights

of oncoming traffic, shines directly

into the front camera

• When approaching the side or

front of a vehicle ahead

• If a vehicle ahead is a motorcycle

• If a vehicle ahead is narrow, such

as a personal mobility vehicle

• If a preceding vehicle has a small

rear end, such as an unloaded

truck

• If a preceding vehicle has a low

rear end, such as a low bed trailer

• If a vehicle ahead has extremely

high ground clearance

• If a vehicle ahead is carrying a

load which protrudes past its rear

bumper

• If a vehicle ahead is irregularly

shaped, such as a tractor or side

car

• If a vehicle ahead is a child sized

bicycle, a bicycle that is carrying a

large load, a bicycle ridden by

more than one person, or a

uniquely shaped bicycle (bicycle

with a child seat, tandem bicycle,

etc.)

• If a pedestrian/or the riding height

of a bicyclist ahead is shorter than

approximately 3.2 ft. (1 m) or taller

than approximately 6.5 ft. (2 m)

• If a pedestrian/bicyclist is wearing

oversized clothing (a rain coat,

long skirt, etc.), making their sil-

houette obscure

• If a pedestrian is bending forward

or squatting or bicyclist is bending

forward

• If a pedestrian/bicyclist is moving

fast

• If a pedestrian is pushing a

stroller, wheelchair, bicycle or

other vehicle

• When driving in inclement weather

such as heavy rain, fog, snow or a

sandstorm

• When driving through steam or

smoke

• When the surrounding area is dim,

such as at dawn or dusk, or while

at night or in a tunnel, making a

detectable object appear to be

nearly the same color as its sur-

roundings

• When driving in a place where the

surrounding brightness changes

suddenly, such as at the entrance

or exit of a tunnel

• After the fuel cell system has

222

5-5. Using the driving support systems

started the vehicle has not been

driven for a certain amount of time

• While making a left/right turn and

for a few seconds after making a

left/right turn

• While driving on a curve and for a

few seconds after driving on a

curve

• If your vehicle is skidding

• If the front of the vehicle is raised

or lowered

• If the wheels are misaligned

• If a wiper blade is blocking the

front camera

• The vehicle is being driven at

extremely high speeds

• When driving on a hill

• If the radar sensor or front camera

is misaligned

• When driving in a traffic lane sep-

arated by more than one lane

where oncoming vehicles are driv-

ing while making a right/left turn

• When largely out of place with the

opposite facing targeted oncom-

ing vehicle during a right/left turn

• While making a right/left turn,

when a pedestrian approaches

from behind or side of your vehicle

●

In addition to the above, in some

situations, such as the following,

the emergency steering assist

may not operate.

• When the white (yellow) lane lines

are difficult to see, such as when

they are faint, diverging/merging,

or a shadow is cast upon them

• When the lane is wider or nar-

rower than normal

• When there is a light and dark pat-

tern on the road surface, such as

due to road repairs

• When the target is too close

• When there is insufficient safe or

unobstructed space for the vehicle

to be steered into

• If oncoming vehicle is present

• If VSC function is operating

●

In some situations such as the fol-

lowing, sufficient braking force or

steering force may not be

obtained, preventing the system

from performing properly:

• If the braking functions cannot

operate to their full extent, such as

when the brake parts are

extremely cold, extremely hot, or

wet

• If the vehicle is not properly main-

tained (brakes or tires are exces-

sively worn, improper tire inflation

pressure, etc.)

• When the vehicle is being driven

on a gravel road or other slippery

surface

• When the road surface has deep

wheel tracks

• When driving on a hill road

• When driving on a road that has

inclines to the left or right

■

If VSC is disabled

●

If VSC is disabled (



P.316), the

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5-5. Using the driving support systems

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pre-collision brake assist and pre-

collision braking functions are also

disabled.

●

The PCS warning light will turn on

and “VSC Turned OFF Pre-Colli-

sion Brake System Unavailable”

will be displayed on the multi-

information display.

While driving on a road with
clear white (yellow) lane lines,
the LTA system warns the driver
if the vehicle may deviate from
the current lane or course

*

, and

also can slightly operate the
steering wheel to help avoid
deviation from the lane or
course

*

. Also, while the dynamic

radar cruise control with full-
speed range is operating, this
system will operate the steering
wheel to maintain the vehicle’s
lane position.
The LTA system recognizes
white (yellow) lane lines or a
course

*

using the front camera.

Additionally, it detects preceding
vehicles using the front camera
and radar.

*

: Boundary between asphalt and

the side of the road, such as
grass, soil, or a curb

LTA (Lane Tracing

Assist)

Summary of functions

224

5-5. Using the driving support systems

WARNING

■

Before using LTA system

●

Do not rely solely upon the LTA

system. The LTA system does

not automatically drive the vehi-

cle or reduce the amount of

attention that must be paid to

the area in front of the vehicle.

The driver must always assume

full responsibility for driving

safely by paying careful atten-

tion to the surrounding condi-

tions and operating the steering

wheel to correct the path of the

vehicle. Also, the driver must

take adequate breaks when

fatigued, such as from driving

for a long period of time.

●

Failure to perform appropriate

driving operations and pay care-

ful attention may lead to an

accident, resulting in death or

serious injury.

■

Situations unsuitable for LTA

system

In the following situations, use the

LTA switch to turn the system off.

Failure to do so may lead to an

accident, resulting in death or

serious injury.

●

Vehicle is driven on a road sur-

face which is slippery due to

rainy weather, fallen snow,

freezing, etc.

●

Vehicle is driven on a snow-cov-

ered road.

●

White (yellow) lines are difficult

to see due to rain, snow, fog,

dust, etc.

●

Vehicle is driven in a temporary

lane or restricted lane due to

construction work.

●

Vehicle is driven in a construc-

tion zone.

●

A spare tire, tire chains, etc.,

are equipped.

●

When the tires have been

excessively worn, or when the

tire inflation pressure is low.

●

During emergency towing.

■

Preventing LTA system mal-

functions and operations per-

formed by mistake

●

Do not modify the headlights or

place stickers, etc., on the sur-

face of the lights.

●

Do not modify the suspension,

etc. If the suspension, etc.,

needs to be replaced, contact

your Toyota dealer.

●

Do not install or place anything

on the hood or grille. Also, do

not install a grille guard (bull

bars, kangaroo bar, etc.).

●

If your windshield needs

repairs, contact your Toyota

dealer.

■

Conditions in which functions

may not operate properly

In the following situations, the

functions may not operate prop-

erly and the vehicle may depart

from its lane. Drive safely by

always paying careful attention to

your surroundings and operate

the steering wheel to correct the

path of the vehicle without relying

solely on the functions.

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5-5. Using the driving support systems

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WARNING

●

When the follow-up cruising dis-

play is displayed (



P.229) and

the preceding vehicle changes

lanes. (Your vehicle may follow

the preceding vehicle and also

change lanes.)

●

When the follow-up cruising dis-

play is displayed (



P.229) and

the preceding vehicle is sway-

ing. (Your vehicle may sway

accordingly and depart from the

lane.)

●

When the follow-up cruising dis-

play is displayed (



P.229) and

the preceding vehicle departs

from its lane. (Your vehicle may

follow the preceding vehicle and

depart from the lane.)

●

When the follow-up cruising dis-

play is displayed (



P.229) and

the preceding vehicle is being

driven extremely close to the

left/right lane line. (Your vehicle

may follow the preceding vehi-

cle and depart from the lane.)

●

Vehicle is being driven around a

sharp curve.

●

Objects or patterns that could

be mistaken for white (yellow)

lines are present on the side of

the road (guardrails, reflective

poles, etc.).

●

Vehicle is driven where the road

diverges, merges, etc.

●

Repair marks of asphalt, white

(yellow) lines, etc., are present

due to road repair.

●

There are shadows on the road

that run parallel with, or cover,

the white (yellow) lines.

226

5-5. Using the driving support systems

WARNING

●

The vehicle is driven in an area

without white (yellow) lines,

such as in front of a tollgate or

checkpoint, or at an intersec-

tion, etc.

●

The white (yellow) lines are

cracked, “Botts’ dots”, “Raised

pavement marker” or stones are

present.

●

The white (yellow) lines cannot

be seen or are difficult to see

due to sand, etc.

●

The vehicle is driven on a road

surface that is wet due to rain,

puddles, etc.

●

The traffic lines are yellow

(which may be more difficult to

recognize than lines that are

white).

●

The white (yellow) lines cross

over a curb, etc.

●

The vehicle is driven on a bright

surface, such as concrete.

●

If the edge of the road is not

clear or straight.

●

The vehicle is driven on a sur-

face that is bright due to

reflected light, etc.

●

The vehicle is driven in an area

where the brightness changes

suddenly, such as at the

entrances and exits of tunnels,

etc.

●

Light from the headlights of an

oncoming vehicle, the sun, etc.,

enters the camera.

●

The vehicle is driven on a slope.

●

The vehicle is driven on a road

which tilts left or right, or a wind-

ing road.

●

The vehicle is driven on an

unpaved or rough road.

●

The traffic lane is excessively

narrow or wide.

●

The vehicle is extremely tilted

due to carrying heavy luggage

or having improper tire pres-

sure.

●

The distance to the preceding

vehicle is extremely short.

●

The vehicle is moving up and

down a large amount due to

road conditions during driving

(poor roads or road seams).

●

When driving in a tunnel or at

night with the headlights off or

when a headlight is dim due to

its lens being dirty or it being

misaligned.

●

The vehicle is struck by a cross-

wind.

●

The vehicle is affected by wind

from a vehicle driven in a

nearby lane.

●

The vehicle has just changed

lanes or crossed an intersec-

tion.

●

Tires which differ by structure,

manufacturer, brand or tread

pattern are used.

●

When tires of a size other than

specified are installed.

●

Snow tires, etc., are equipped.

●

The vehicle is being driven at

extremely high speeds.