Toyota RAV4 (2022 year). Manual in english — page 35
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7-2. Maintenance
The OBD system determines
that a problem exists some-
where in the emission control
system. Your vehicle may not
pass the I/M test and may need
to be repaired. Contact your
Toyota dealer to service the
vehicle.
When the battery is discon-
nected or discharged
Readiness codes that are set
during ordinary driving are
erased.
Also, depending on your driv-
ing habits, the readiness
codes may not be completely
set.
When the fuel tank cap is
loose
The malfunction indicator
lamp comes on indicating a
temporary malfunction and
your vehicle may not pass the
I/M test.
The error code in the OBD sys-
tem will not be cleared unless
the vehicle is driven 40 or more
times.
Contact your Toyota dealer to
prepare the vehicle for re-test-
ing.
Emission inspection
and maintenance (I/M)
programs
Some states have vehicle
emission inspection pro-
grams which include OBD
(On Board Diagnostics)
checks. The OBD system
monitors the operation of
the emission control sys-
tem.
If the malfunction indica-
tor lamp comes on
Your vehicle may not
pass the I/M test in the fol-
lowing situations:
When the malfunction
indicator lamp still
remains on after several
driving trips
If your vehicle does not
pass the I/M test
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7-3.Do-it-yourself maintenance
Do-it-yourself service
precautions
If you perform maintenance
by yourself, be sure to fol-
low the correct procedure as
given in these sections.
Maintenance
Items
Parts and tools
Battery con-
dition
(
• Grease
• Conventional
wrench (for termi-
nal clamp bolts)
Brake fluid
level
(
• FMVSS No.116
DOT 3 or SAE
J1703 brake fluid
• FMVSS No.116
DOT 4 or SAE
J1704
• Rag or paper
towel
• Funnel (used only
for adding brake
fluid)
Engine cool-
ant level
(
• “Toyota Super
Long Life Cool-
ant” or a similar
high quality eth-
ylene glycol-based
non-silicate, non-
amine, non-nitrite
and non-borate
coolant with long-
life hybrid organic
acid technology
For the U.S.A.:
“Toyota Super
Long Life Cool-
ant” is pre-mixed
with 50% coolant
and 50% deion-
ized water.
For Canada:
“Toyota Super
Long Life Cool-
ant” is pre-mixed
with 55% coolant
and 45% deion-
ized water.
• Funnel (used only
for adding coolant)
Engine oil
level
(
• “Toyota Genuine
Motor Oil” or
equivalent
• Rag or paper
towel
• Funnel (used only
for adding engine
oil)
Fuses
(
• Fuse with same
amperage rating
as original
Items
Parts and tools
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7-3. Do-it-yourself maintenance
Light bulbs
(
• Bulb with same
number and watt-
age rating as origi-
nal
• Phillips-head
screwdriver
• Flathead screw-
driver
• Wrench
Headlight aim
(
• Phillips-head
screwdriver
Radiator and
condenser
(
Tire inflation
pressure
(
• Tire pressure
gauge
• Compressed air
source
Washer fluid
(
• Water or washer
fluid containing
antifreeze (for win-
ter use)
• Funnel (used only
for adding water or
washer fluid)
WARNING
The engine compartment contains
many mechanisms and fluids that
may move suddenly, become hot,
or become electrically energized.
To avoid death or serious injury,
observe the following precautions.
■
When working on the engine
compartment
●
Keep hands, clothing and tools
away from the moving fan and
engine drive belt.
Items
Parts and tools
●
Be careful not to touch the
engine, radiator, exhaust mani-
fold, etc., right after driving as
they may be hot. Oil and other
fluids may also be hot.
●
Do not leave anything that may
burn easily, such as paper and
rags, in the engine compart-
ment.
●
Do not smoke, cause sparks or
expose an open flame to fuel or
the battery. Fuel and battery
fumes are flammable.
●
Be extremely cautious when
working on the battery. It con-
tains poisonous and corrosive
sulfuric acid.
■
When working near the elec-
tric cooling fan or radiator
grille
Be sure the engine switch is off.
With the engine switch in ON, the
electric cooling fan may automati-
cally start to run if the air condi-
tioning is on and/or the coolant
temperature is high. (
■
Safety glasses
Wear safety glasses to prevent
flying or falling material, fluid
spray, etc., from getting in your
eyes.
NOTICE
■
If you remove the air cleaner
filter
Driving with the air cleaner filter
removed may cause excessive
engine wear due to dirt in the air.
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1
Pull the hood lock release
lever.
The hood will pop up slightly.
2
Push the auxiliary catch lever
to the left and lift the hood.
3
Hold the hood open by insert-
ing the supporting rod into
the slot.
Hood
Release the lock from the
inside of the vehicle to open
the hood.
Opening the hood
WARNING
■
Pre-driving check
Check that the hood is fully closed
and locked.
If the hood is not locked properly,
it may open while the vehicle is in
motion and cause an accident,
which may result in death or seri-
ous injury.
■
After installing the support
rod into the slot
Make sure the rod supports the
hood securely from falling down
on to your head or body.
■
When closing the hood
When closing the hood, take extra
care to prevent your fingers etc.
from being caught.
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7-3. Do-it-yourself maintenance
■
Front
NOTICE
■
When closing the hood
Be sure to return the support rod
to its clip before closing the hood.
Closing the hood without return-
ing the support rod properly could
cause the hood to bend.
Positioning a floor
jack
When using a floor jack, fol-
low the instructions in the
manual provided with the
jack and perform the opera-
tion safely.
When raising your vehicle
with a floor jack, position
the jack correctly.
Improper placement may
damage your vehicle or
cause injury.
Location of the jack point
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Rear
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7-3. Do-it-yourself maintenance
Fuse boxes (
Engine oil filler cap (
Engine oil level dipstick (
Battery (
Brake fluid reservoir (
Radiator (
Electric cooling fan
Condenser (
Washer fluid tank (
Engine coolant reservoir (
With the engine at operating
temperature and turned off,
check the oil level on the dip-
stick.
Engine compartment
Components
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
Checking and adding the
engine oil
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■
Checking the engine oil
1
Park the vehicle on level
ground. After warming up the
engine and turning off the
engine, wait more than 5
minutes for the oil to drain
back into the bottom of the
engine.
2
Holding a rag under the end,
pull the dipstick out.
3
Wipe the dipstick clean.
4
Reinsert the dipstick fully.
5
Holding a rag under the end,
pull the dipstick out and
check the oil level.
Low
Normal
Excessive
The shape of the dipstick may differ
depending on the type of vehicle or
engine.
6
Wipe the dipstick and reinsert
it fully.
■
Checking the oil type and
preparing the items needed
Make sure to check the oil type
and prepare the items needed
before adding oil.
Engine oil selection
Oil quantity (Low
Full)
1.6 qt. (1.5 L, 1.3 Imp. qt.)
Item
Clean funnel
■
Adding engine oil
If the oil level is below or near
the low level mark, add engine
oil of the same type as that
already in the engine.
1
Remove the oil filler cap by
turning it counterclockwise.
2
Add engine oil slowly, check-
ing the dipstick.
3
Install the oil filler cap by
turning it clockwise.
■
Engine oil consumption
A certain amount of engine oil will
be consumed while driving. In the
following situations, oil consump-
A
B
C
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7-3. Do-it-yourself maintenance
tion may increase, and engine oil
may need to be refilled in between
oil maintenance intervals.
●
When the engine is new, for
example directly after purchasing
the vehicle or after replacing the
engine
●
If low quality oil or oil of an inap-
propriate viscosity is used
●
When driving at high engine
speeds or with a heavy load,
when towing, or when driving
while accelerating or decelerating
frequently
●
When leaving the engine idling for
a long time, or when driving fre-
quently through heavy traffic
The coolant level is satisfactory
if it is between the “FULL” and
“LOW” lines on the reservoir
when the engine is cold.
Reservoir cap
“FULL” line
“LOW” line
If the level is on or below the “LOW”
line, add coolant up to the “FULL”
line. (
WARNING
■
Used engine oil
●
Used engine oil contains poten-
tially harmful contaminants
which may cause skin disorders
such as inflammation and skin
cancer, so care should be taken
to avoid prolonged and
repeated contact. To remove
used engine oil from your skin,
wash thoroughly with soap and
water.
●
Dispose of used oil and filters
only in a safe and acceptable
manner. Do not dispose of used
oil and filters in household trash,
in sewers or onto the ground.
Call your Toyota dealer, service
station or auto parts store for
information concerning recy-
cling or disposal.
●
Do not leave used engine oil
within the reach of children.
NOTICE
■
To prevent serious engine
damage
Check the oil level on a regular
basis.
■
When replacing the engine oil
●
Be careful not to spill engine oil
on the vehicle components.
●
Avoid overfilling, or the engine
could be damaged.
●
Check the oil level on the dip-
stick every time you refill the
vehicle.
●
Be sure the engine oil filler cap
is properly tightened.
■
If oil is spilled on the engine
cover
To prevent the engine cover from
being damaged, remove any
engine oil from the engine cover
as soon as possible using a neu-
tral detergent. Do not use an
organic solvent such as brake
cleaner.
Checking the coolant
A
B
C
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■
Coolant selection
Only use “Toyota Super Long Life
Coolant” or a similar high quality
ethylene glycol based non-silicate,
non-amine, non-nitrite, and non-
borate coolant with long-life hybrid
organic acid technology.
U.S.A.:
“Toyota Super Long Life Coolant” is
a mixture of 50% coolant and 50%
deionized water. (Minimum tem-
perature: -31°F [-35°C])
Canada:
“Toyota Super Long Life Coolant” is
a mixture of 55% coolant and 45%
deionized water. (Minimum tem-
perature: -44°F [-42°C])
For more details about coolant, con-
tact your Toyota dealer.
■
If the coolant level drops within
a short time of replenishing
Visually check the radiators, hoses,
engine/power control unit coolant
reservoir caps, drain cock and water
pump.
If you cannot find a leak, have your
Toyota dealer, test the cap and
check for leaks in the cooling sys-
tem.
Check the radiator and con-
denser, and clear away any for-
eign objects.
If either of the above parts is
extremely dirty or you are not
sure of their condition, have
your vehicle inspected by your
Toyota dealer.
■
Checking fluid level
The brake fluid level should be
between the “MAX” and “MIN”
lines on the tank.
WARNING
■
When the engine is hot
Do not remove the engine coolant
reservoir cap.
The cooling system may be under
pressure and may spray hot cool-
ant if the cap is removed, causing
serious injuries, such as burns.
NOTICE
■
When adding coolant
Coolant is neither plain water nor
straight antifreeze. The correct
mixture of water and antifreeze
must be used to provide proper
lubrication, corrosion protection
and cooling. Be sure to read the
antifreeze or coolant label.
■
If you spill coolant
Be sure to wash it off with water to
prevent it from damaging parts or
paint.
Checking the radiator and
condenser
WARNING
■
When the engine is hot
Do not touch the radiator or con-
denser as they may be hot and
cause serious injuries, such as
burns.
■
When the electric cooling fan
is operating
Do not touch the engine compart-
ment.
With the engine switch in ON, the
electric cooling fan may automati-
cally start to run if the air condi-
tioning is on and/or the coolant
temperature is high. Be sure the
engine switch is off when working
near the electric cooling fan or
radiator grille.
Checking and adding the
brake fluid
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7-3. Do-it-yourself maintenance
■
Adding fluid
1
Slide and lift up the rubber
strip to partly remove it as
shown.
2
Disconnect the claws and
remove the service cover.
3
Remove the reservoir cap.
4
Add brake fluid slowly while
checking the fluid level.
Make sure to check the fluid
type and prepare the necessary
item.
■
Brake fluid can absorb moisture
from the air
Excess moisture in the brake fluid
can cause a dangerous loss of brak-
ing efficiency. Use only newly
opened brake fluid.
Fluid
type
FMVSS No.116 DOT 3 or
SAE J1703 brake fluid
FMVSS No.116 DOT 4 or
SAE J1704 brake fluid
Item
Clean funnel
WARNING
■
When filling the reservoir
Take care as brake fluid can harm
your hands and eyes and damage
painted surfaces.
If fluid gets on your hands or in
your eyes, flush the affected area
with clean water immediately.
If you still experience discomfort,
see a doctor.
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Check the battery as follows.
■
Battery exterior
Make sure that the battery termi-
nals are not corroded and that
there are no loose connections,
cracks, or loose clamps.
Terminals
Hold-down clamp
■
Before recharging
When recharging, the battery pro-
duces hydrogen gas which is flam-
mable and explosive. Therefore,
observe the following precautions
before recharging:
●
If recharging with the battery
installed on the vehicle, be sure to
disconnect the ground cable.
●
Make sure the power switch on
the charger is off when connecting
and disconnecting the charger
cables to the battery.
■
After recharging/reconnecting
the battery (vehicles with smart
key system)
●
Unlocking the doors using the
smart key system may not be pos-
sible immediately after reconnect-
ing the battery. If this happens,
use the wireless remote control or
the mechanical key to lock/unlock
the doors.
●
Start the engine with the engine
switch in ACC. The engine may
not start with the engine switch
turned off. However, the engine
will operate normally from the sec-
ond attempt.
●
The engine switch mode is
recorded by the vehicle. If the bat-
tery is disconnected and recon-
nected, the vehicle will return the
engine switch mode to the status
it was in before the battery was
disconnected. Make sure to turn
off the engine switch before dis-
connecting the battery. Take extra
care when connecting the battery
if the engine switch mode prior to
the battery being disconnected is
unknown.
If the engine will not start even after
multiple attempts, contact your
Toyota dealer.
NOTICE
■
If the fluid level is low or high
It is normal for the brake fluid level
to go down slightly as the brake
pads wear out or when the fluid
level in the accumulator is high.
If the reservoir needs frequent
refilling, there may be a serious
problem.
Checking the battery
A
B
WARNING
■
Chemicals in the battery
A battery contains poisonous and
corrosive sulfuric acid and may
produce hydrogen gas which is
flammable and explosive. To
reduce the risk of death or serious
injury, take the following precau-
tions while working on or near the
battery:
●
Do not cause sparks by touch-
ing the battery terminals with
tools.
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7-3. Do-it-yourself maintenance
If any washer does not work or
the warning message appears
on the multi-information display,
the washer tank may be empty.
Add washer fluid.
WARNING
●
Do not smoke or light a match
near the battery.
●
Avoid contact with eyes, skin
and clothes.
●
Never inhale or swallow electro-
lyte.
●
Wear protective safety glasses
when working near the battery.
●
Keep children away from the
battery.
■
Where to safely charge the
battery
Always charge the battery in an
open area. Do not charge the bat-
tery in a garage or closed room
where there is not sufficient venti-
lation.
■
Emergency measures regard-
ing electrolyte
●
If electrolyte gets in your eyes
Flush your eyes with clean
water for at least 15 minutes
and get immediate medical
attention. If possible, continue
to apply water with a sponge or
cloth while traveling to the near-
est medical facility.
●
If electrolyte gets on your skin
Wash the affected area thor-
oughly. If you feel pain or burn-
ing, get medical attention
immediately.
●
If electrolyte gets on your
clothes
It can soak through clothing on
to your skin. Immediately take
off the clothing and follow the
procedure above if necessary.
●
If you accidentally swallow elec-
trolyte
Drink a large quantity of water
or milk. Get emergency medical
attention immediately.
■
When there is insufficient bat-
tery fluid
Do not use if there is insufficient
fluid in the battery. There is a pos-
sible danger that the battery may
explode.
NOTICE
■
When recharging the battery
Never recharge the battery while
the engine is running. Also, be
sure all accessories are turned
off.
Adding the washer fluid
WARNING
■
When adding washer fluid
Do not add washer fluid when the
engine is hot or running as
washer fluid contains alcohol and
may catch fire if spilled on the
engine, etc.
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Check if the treadwear indica-
tors are showing on the tires.
Also check the tires for uneven
wear, such as excessive wear
on one side of the tread.
Check the spare tire condition
and pressure if not rotated.
New tread
Worn tread
Treadwear indicator
The location of treadwear indicators
is shown by a “TWI” or “
” mark,
NOTICE
■
Do not use any fluid other
than washer fluid
Do not use soapy water or engine
antifreeze instead of washer fluid.
Doing so may cause streaking on
the vehicle’s painted surfaces, as
well as damaging the pump lead-
ing to problems of the washer
fluid not spraying.
■
Diluting washer fluid
Dilute washer fluid with water as
necessary.
Refer to the freezing tempera-
tures listed on the label of the
washer fluid bottle.
Tires
Replace or rotate tires in
accordance with mainte-
nance schedules and tread-
wear.
Checking tires
A
B
C
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7-3. Do-it-yourself maintenance
etc., molded into the sidewall of
each tire.
Replace the tires if the treadwear
indicators are showing on a tire.
■
When to replace your vehicle’s
tires
Tires should be replaced if:
●
The treadwear indicators are
showing on a tire.
●
You have tire damage such as
cuts, splits, cracks deep enough
to expose the fabric, and bulges
indicating internal damage.
●
A tire goes flat repeatedly or can-
not be properly repaired due to
the size or location of a cut or
other damage.
If you are not sure, consult with your
Toyota dealer.
■
Tire life
Any tire over 6 years old must be
checked by a qualified technician
even if it has seldom or never been
used or damage is not obvious.
■
Maximum load of tire
Check that the number given by
dividing the maximum load by 1.10
of the replacement tire is greater
than 1/2 of the Gross Axle Weight
Ratings (GAWR) of either the front
axle or the rear axle, whichever is
greater.
For the GAWR, see the Certification
Regulation Label. For the maximum
load of the tire, see the load limit at
maximum cold tire inflation pressure
mentioned on the sidewall of the
tire. (
■
Tire types
●
Summer tires
Summer tires are high-speed perfor-
mance tires best suited to highway
driving under dry conditions. Since
summer tires do not have the same
traction performance as snow tires,
summer tires are inadequate for
driving on snow-covered or icy
roads. For driving on snow-covered
roads or icy roads, the use of snow
tires is recommended. When install-
ing snow tires, be sure to replace all
four tires.
●
All season tires
All season tires are designed to pro-
vide better traction in snow and to
be adequate for driving in most win-
ter conditions as well as for use
year-round. All season tires, how-
ever, do not have adequate traction
performance compared with snow
tires in heavy or loose snow. Also,
all season tires fall short in accelera-
tion and handling performance com-
pared with summer tires in highway
driving.
●
Snow tires
For driving on snow-covered roads
or icy roads, we recommend using
snow tires. If you need snow tires,
select tires of the same size, con-
struction and load capacity as the
originally installed tires. Since your
vehicle has radial tires as original
equipment, make sure your snow
tires also have radial construction.
Do not install studded tires without
first checking local regulations for
possible restrictions. Snow tires
should be installed on all wheels.
(
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If the tread on snow tires wears
down below 0.16 in. (4 mm)
The effectiveness of the tires as
snow tires is lost.
Rotate the tires in the order
shown.
To equalize tire wear and extend
tire life, Toyota recommends that
tire rotation is carried out at the
same interval as tire inspection.
Do not fail to initialize the tire pres-
sure warning system after tire rota-
tion. (if equipped)
Front
WARNING
■
When inspecting or replacing
tires
Observe the following precautions
to prevent accidents.
Failure to do so may cause dam-
age to parts of the drive train as
well as dangerous handling char-
acteristics, which may lead to an
accident resulting in death or seri-
ous injury.
●
Do not mix tires of different
makes, models or tread pat-
terns.
Also, do not mix tires of remark-
ably different treadwear.
●
Do not use tire sizes other than
those recommended by Toyota.
●
Do not mix differently con-
structed tires (radial, bias-belted
or bias-ply tires).
●
Do not mix summer, all season
and snow tires.
●
Do not use tires that have been
used on another vehicle.
Do not use tires if you do not
know how they were used previ-
ously.
●
Do not tow if your vehicle has a
compact spare tire installed.
NOTICE
■
Driving on rough roads
Take particular care when driving
on roads with loose surfaces or
potholes.
These conditions may cause
losses in tire inflation pressure,
reducing the cushioning ability of
the tires. In addition, driving on
rough roads may cause damage
to the tires themselves, as well as
the vehicle’s wheels and body.
■
If tire inflation pressure of
each tire becomes low while
driving
Do not continue driving, or your
tires and/or wheels may be
ruined.
Tire rotation
A
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