Toyota Echo (2005 year). Instruction — part 12

Tire information—

—Tire symbols (Standard tire)

This illustration indicates typical tire

symbols.

1. Tire size—For details, see “Tire

size” on page 161.

2. DOT and Tire Identification

Number (TIN)—For details, see

“DOT and Tire Identification Num-

ber (TIN)” on page 160.

3. Location of tread wear indica-

tors—For details, see “Checking

and replacing tires” on page 230.

4. Tire ply composition and mate-

rials—Plies mean a layer of rub-

ber−coated parallel cords. Cords

mean the strands forming the plies

in the tire.

5. Radial tires or bias−ply tires—A

radial tire has

“RADIAL” on the

sidewall. A tire not marked with

“RADIAL” is a bias−ply tire.

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“TUBELESS”

“TUBE

TYPE”—A tubeless tire does not

have a tube inside the tire and air

is directly filled in the tire. A tube

type tire has a tube inside the tire

and the tube maintains the air

pressure.

Load limit at maximum cold tire

inflation pressure—For details,

see “Checking and replacing tires”

on page 230.

Maximum cold tire inflation

pressure—This means the pres-

sure to which a tire may be in-

flated. For recommended cold tire

inflation pressure, see “Tires” on

page 251.

Summer tire or all season

tire—An all season tire has “M+S”

on the sidewall. The tire not

marked with “M+S” is a summer

tire. For details, see

“Types of

tires” on page 170.

10.Uniform tire quality gra-

ding—For details, see “Uniform

tire quality grading” that follows.

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—Tire symbols (Compact

spare tire)

This illustration indicates typical tire

symbols.

“TEMPORARY USE ONLY”—A

compact spare tire is identified by

the phrase

“TEMPORARY USE

ONLY” molded into its sidewall.

This tire is designed for temporary

emergency use only. For details,

see “Compact spare tire” on page

186.

Tire size—For details, see “Tire

size” on page 161.

DOT and Tire Identification

Number (TIN)—For details, see

“DOT and Tire Identification Num-

ber (TIN)” on page 160.

Location of tread wear indica-

tors—For details, see “Checking

and replacing tires” on page 230.

Load limit at maximum cold tire

inflation pressure—For details,

see “Checking and replacing tires”

on page 230.

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—DOT and Tire Identification

Number (TIN)

Maximum cold tire inflation

The “DOT” symbol certifies that the

pressure—This means the pres-

tire conforms to applicable Federal

sure to which a tire may be in-

Motor Vehicle Safety Standards.

flated. For recommended cold tire

inflation pressure, see “Tires” on

page 251.

Tire ply composition and mate-

rials—Plies mean a layer of rub-

ber−coated parallel cords. Cords

mean the strands forming the plies

in the tire.

“TUBELESS”

“TUBE

TYPE”—A tubeless tire does not

This illustration indicates typical DOT

have a tube inside the tire and air

and Tire Identification Number (TIN).

is directly filled in the tire. A tube

“DOT” symbol

type tire has a tube inside the tire

and the tube maintains the air

2. Tire Identification Number (TIN)

pressure.

3. Tire manufacturer’s identification

Radial tires or bias−ply tires—A

mark

radial tire has

“RADIAL” on the

4. Tire size code

sidewall. A tire not marked with

5. Manufacturer’s optional tire type

“RADIAL” is a bias−ply tire.

code

6. Manufacturing week

7. Manufacturing year

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—Tire size

—Name of each section of tire

This illustration indicates typical tire

1. Section width

1. Bead

size.

2. Tire height

2. Sidewall

1. Tire use

(P=Passenger car,

3. Wheel diameter

3. Shoulder

T=Temporary use)

4. Tread

2. Section width (in millimeters)

5. Belt

3. Aspect ratio (tire height to section

6. Inner liner

width)

7. Reinforcing rubber

4. Tire construction code (R=Radial,

D=Diagonal)

8. Carcass

5. Wheel diameter (in inches)

9. Rim lines

6. Load index (2 digits or 3 digits)

10.Bead wires

7. Speed symbol (alphabet with one

11. Chafer

letter)

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—Uniform tire quality grading

This information has been prepared

Tread wear—The tread wear grade

Traction AA, A, B, C—The traction

in accordance with regulations issued

is a comparative rating based on the

grades, from highest to lowest, are

by the National Highway Traffic Safe-

wear rate of the tire when tested un-

AA, A, B, and C, and they represent

ty Administration of the U.S. Depart-

der controlled conditions on a speci-

the tire’s ability to stop on wet pave-

ment of Transportation. It provides

fied government test course. For ex-

ment as measured under controlled

the purchasers and/or prospective

ample, a tire graded 150 would wear

conditions on specified government

purchasers of Toyota vehicles with in-

one and a half (1−1/2) times as well

test surfaces of asphalt and concrete.

formation on uniform tire quality grad-

on the government course as a tire

A tire marked C may have poor trac-

ing.

graded 100. The relative performance

tion performance.

of tires depends upon the actual

Your Toyota dealer will help answer

Warning: The traction grade assigned

conditions of their use, however, and

any questions you may have as you

to this tire is based on braking

may depart significantly from the

read this information.

(straight ahead) traction tests and

norm due to variations in driving hab-

does not include cornering (turning)

DOT quality grades—All passenger

its, service practices and differences

traction.

vehicle tires must conform to Fed-

in road characteristics and climate.

eral Safety Requirements in addi-

tion to these grades. Quality

grades can be found where appli-

cable on the tire sidewall between

tread shoulder and maximum sec-

tion width. For example: Treadwear

200 Traction AA Temperature A.

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2005 ECHO from Aug. ’04 Prod. (OM52636U)

Temperature A, B, C—The tempera-

ture grades are A (the highest), B,

and C, representing the tire’s resis-

tance to the generation of heat and

its ability to dissipate heat when

tested under controlled conditions on

a specified indoor laboratory test

wheel. Sustained high temperature

can cause the material of the tire to

degenerate and reduce tire life, and

excessive temperature can lead to

sudden tire failure. The grade C cor-

responds to a level of performance

which all passenger car tires must

meet under the Federal Motor Vehicle

Safety Standard No. 109. Grades B

and A represent higher levels of per-

formance on the laboratory test wheel

than the minimum required by law.

Warning: The temperature grades for

this tire are established for a tire that

is properly inflated and not over-

loaded. Excessive speed, underinfla-

tion, or excessive loading, either sep-

arately or in combination, can cause

heat buildup and possible tire failure.

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—Glossary of tire terminology

Tire related term

Meaning

tire inflation pressure when the vehicle has been parked for at least 3 hours

Cold tire inflation pressure

or more, or it has not been driven more than 1.5 km or 1 mile under that

condition

the maximum cold inflation pressure to which a tire may be inflated and it is

Maximum inflation pressure

shown on the sidewall of the tire

Recommended inflation pressure

cold tire inflation pressure recommended by a manufacturer

the combined weight (in excess of those standard items which may be replaced)

of automatic transmission, power steering, power brakes, power windows, pow-

Accessory weight

er seats, radio, and heater, to the extent that these items are available as

factory−installed equipment (whether installed or not)

the weight of a motor vehicle with standard equipment including the maximum

Curb weight

capacity of fuel, oil, and coolant, and, if so equipped, air conditioning and addi-

tional weight optional engine

the sum of—

(a) curb weight;

Maximum loaded vehicle weight

(b) accessory weight;

(c) vehicle capacity weight; and

(d) production options weight

68 kg (150 lb.) times the number of occupants specified in the second column

Normal occupant weight

of Table 1 that follows

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Tire related term

Meaning

the combined weight of those installed regular production options weighing over

2.3 kg (5 lb.) in excess of those standard items which they replace, not pre-

Production options weight

viously considered in curb weight or accessory weight, including heavy duty

brakes, ride levelers, roof rack, heavy duty battery, and special trim

Vehicle capacity weight

the rated cargo and luggage load plus 68 kg (150 lb.) times the vehicle’s desig-

(Total load capacity)

nated seating capacity

(A) the sidewall that contains a whitewall, bears white lettering or bears

manufacturer, brand, and/or model name molding that is higher or deeper

Intended outboard sidewall

than the same molding on the other sidewall of the tire, or

(B) the outward facing sidewall of an asymmetrical tire that has a particular

side that must always face outward when mounted on a vehicle

distribution of occupants in a vehicle as specified in the third column of Table

Occupant distribution

1 that follows

a metal support for a tire or a tire and tube assembly upon which the tire beads

Rim

are seated

Rim diameter (Wheel diameter)

nominal diameter of the bead seat

Rim size designation

rim diameter and width

Rim type designation

the industry of manufacturer’s designation for a rim by style or code

Rim width

nominal distance between rim flanges

the load on an individual tire that is determined by distributing to each axle

Vehicle maximum load on the tire

its share of the maximum loaded vehicle weight and dividing by two

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2005 ECHO from Aug. ’04 Prod. (OM52636U)

Tire related term

Meaning

the load on an individual tire that is determined by distributing to each axle

Vehicle normal load on the tire

its share of the curb weight, accessory weight, and normal occupant weight

(distributed in accordance with Table 1 that follows) and dividing by two

Weather side

the surface area of the rim not covered by the inflated tire

Table 1-Occupant loading and distribution for vehicle normal load for various designated seating capacities

Designated seating capacity,

Vehicle normal load,

Occupant distribution in a normally

Number of occupants

loaded vehicle

2 through 4

2 in front

5 through 10

2 in front, 1 in second seat

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Cargo and luggage—

Vehicle load limits

—Stowage precautions

Vehicle load limits include total load

Towing capacity

When stowing cargo and luggage in

capacity, seating capacity, towing ca-

the vehicle, observe the following:

Toyota does not recommend towing

pacity and cargo capacity. Follow the

a trailer with your vehicle. Your ve-

Put cargo and luggage in the trunk

load limits shown below.

hicle is not designed for trailer towing.

when at all possible. Be sure all

Total load capacity:

items are secured in place.

Cargo capacity

351 kg (775 lb.)

Be careful to keep the vehicle bal-

Cargo capacity may increase or de-

Total load capacity means combined

anced. Locating the weight as far

crease depending on the size (weight)

weight of occupants, cargo and lug-

forward as possible helps maintain

and the number of occupants. For de-

gage. Tongue load is included when

the balance.

tails, see “Capacity and distribution”

trailer towing.

that follows.

For better fuel economy, do not

Seating capacity:

carry unneeded weight.

Total 5 (Front 2, Rear 3)

CAUTION

Seating capacity means the maximum

CAUTION

number of occupants whose esti-

Do not apply the load more than

mated average weight is 68 kg (150

each load limit. That may cause

D To prevent cargo and luggage

lb.) per person. Depending on the

not only damage to the tires, but

from sliding forward during

weight of each person, the seating ca-

also deterioration to the steering

braking, do not stack anything

pacity given may exceed the total

ability and braking ability, which

in the trunk. Keep cargo and

load capacity.

may cause an accident.

luggage low, as close to the

floor as possible.

NOTICE

Even if the number of occu-

pants are within the seating ca-

pacity, do not exceed the total

load capacity.

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2005 ECHO from Aug. ’04 Prod. (OM52636U)

—Capacity and distribution

Cargo capacity depends on the to-

D Never allow anyone to ride in

NOTICE

tal weight of the occupants.

the trunk. It is not designed for

Do not load the vehicle beyond

(Cargo capacity) = (Total load capac-

passengers. They should ride

the vehicle capacity weight giv-

ity)

- (Total weight of occupants)

in their seats with their seat

en in Section 8.

belts properly fastened. Other-

STEPS FOR DETERMINING

wise, they are much more likely

CORRECT LOAD LIMIT

to suffer serious bodily injury,

Locate the statement

“The

in the event of sudden braking

combined weight of occupants and

or a collision.

cargo should never exceed XXX

D Do not place anything on the

pounds” on your vehicle’s placard.

package tray behind the rear

Determine the combined weight of

seatback. Such items may be

the driver and passengers that will

thrown about and possibly in-

be riding in your vehicle.

jure people in the vehicle dur-

Subtract the combined weight of

ing sudden braking or an acci-

the driver and passengers from

dent.

XXX kilograms or XXX pounds.

D Do not drive with objects left

on top of the instrument panel.

They may interfere with the

driver’s field of view. Or they

may move during sharp vehicle

acceleration or turning, and im-

pair the driver’s control of the

vehicle. In an accident they

may injure the vehicle occu-

pants.

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2005 ECHO from Aug. ’04 Prod. (OM52636U)

The resulting figure equals the

185 kg - 176 kg = 9 kg.

available amount of cargo and lug-

(409 lb. - 388 lb. = 21 lb.)

gage load capacity. For example,

As shown in the above example, if the

if the “XXX” amount equals 1400

number of occupants increases, the

lbs. and there will be five 150 lb.

cargo and luggage load equaling the

passengers in your vehicle, the

combined weight of occupants who

amount of available cargo and lug-

got on later must be reduced. In other

gage load capacity is

650 lbs.

Cargo

words, if the increase in the number

(1400-750 (5x150)=650 lbs).

capacity

of occupants causes the excess of

Determine the combined weight of

the total load capacity

(combined

Total load

luggage and cargo being loaded

weight of occupants plus cargo and

capacity

on the vehicle. That weight may

luggage load), you have to reduce the

not safely exceed the available

cargo and luggage on your vehicle.

cargo and luggage load capacity

EXAMPLE ON YOUR VEHICLE

For details about total load capacity,

calculated in Step 4.

In case that 2 people with the com-

see “Vehicle load limits” on page 167.

bined weight of 166 kg (366 lb.) are

If your vehicle will be towing a

riding in your vehicle with the total

trailer, load from your trailer will

load capacity of 351 kg (775 lb.), the

be transferred to your vehicle.

available amount of cargo and lug-

Consult this manual to determine

gage load capacity will be as follows:

how this reduces the available car-

go and luggage load capacity of

351 kg - 166 kg = 185 kg.

your vehicle.

(775 lb. - 366 lb. = 409 lb.)

Toyota does not recommend tow-

From this condition, if 3 more passen-

ing a trailer with your vehicle. Your

gers with the combined weight of 176

vehicle is not designed for trailer

kg (388 lb.) get on, the available car-

towing.

go and luggage load will be reduced

as follows:

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2005 ECHO from Aug. ’04 Prod. (OM52636U)

Types of tires

Determine what kind of tires your

All season tires, however, do not have

CAUTION

vehicle is originally equipped with.

adequate traction

performance

compared with snow tires in heavy or

1. Summer tires

Even if the total load of occu-

loose snow. Also, all season tires fall

pant’s weight and the cargo load

Summer tires are high−speed capabil-

short in acceleration and handling

is less than the total load capac-

ity tires best suited to highway driving

performance compared with summer

ity, do not apply the load uneven-

under dry conditions.

tires in highway driving.

ly. That may cause not only dam-

Since summer tires do not have the

The details about how to distinguish

age to the tire but also deteriora-

same traction performance as snow

summer tires from all season tires are

tion to the steering ability due to

tires, summer tires are inadequate for

described on page 157.

unbalance of the vehicle, causing

driving on snow−covered or icy roads.

an accident.

For driving on snow−covered or icy

CAUTION

roads, we recommend using snow

tires. If installing snow tires, be sure

D Do not mix summer and all sea-

to replace all four tires.

son tires on your vehicle as

2. All season tires

this can cause dangerous han-

dling characteristics, resulting

All season tires are designed to pro-

in loss of control.

vide better traction in snow and to be

adequate for driving in most winter

D Do not use tires other than the

conditions, as well as for use all year

manufacturer’s

designated

round.

tires, and do not mix tires or

wheels of the sizes different

from the originally equipped

tires and wheels as this can

cause dangerous handling

characteristics, resulting in

loss of control.

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SECTION 3

STARTING AND DRIVING

Starting and driving

Before starting the engine

172

How to start the engine

172

Tips for driving in various conditions

173

Winter driving tips

174

Dinghy towing

175

Trailer towing

177

How to save fuel and make your vehicle last longer, too

177

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2005 ECHO from Aug. ’04 Prod. (OM52636U)

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Toyota Echo (2005 year). Instruction — part 12

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