Volvo S90 Twin Engine (2020 year). Manual in english — page 27

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456

WARNING

Do not leave the car in an unventilated area

with activated drive mode and the fuel-

driven engine switched off - automatic

engine start occurs at low energy level in

the hybrid battery, and the exhaust gases

could then cause serious injury to people

and animals.

Hybrid

•

This is the car's normal mode where the
electric motor and internal combustion
engine work together.

When the car starts, it is in the

Hybrid

mode.

The control system uses both the electric
motor and internal combustion engine – indi-
vidually or in parallel – and adapts use with
regard to performance, fuel consumption and
comfort. The capacity to run solely with the
electric motor depends on the hybrid battery's
energy level and, for example, the need for
heating or cooling in the passenger compart-
ment.

If high power output is available, it is possible
to drive with electrical power alone. When the
accelerator pedal is depressed, only the elec-
tric motor is activated until a certain position is
reached. The internal combustion engine
starts when this position is exceeded and the
energy level in the battery is insufficient for the
engine power that the driver requests with the
accelerator pedal.

At low energy level (hybrid battery almost
empty) the battery's energy level must be
maintained, leading to the internal combustion
engine starting more often. Charge the hybrid
battery from a 230 VAC socket with the
charging cable, or activate

Charge

in the func-

tion view in order to restore the capacity to
run on electricity alone.
The drive mode is designed for low energy
consumption with a mix of the electric motor
and the internal combustion engine, without
compromising the climate comfort and driving
experience. When higher acceleration is
required, maximum additional power from the
electric drive line is used.

The car also senses if the driving conditions
require all-wheel drive and automatically
engages it if necessary. All-wheel drive and
electric additional power are always available
regardless of the battery's state of charge.

Information in the driver display

When driving in hybrid mode the driver display
shows a hybrid gauge. The pointer in the
hybrid gauge indicates how much energy the
driver requests with the accelerator pedal. The
marking between the lightning bolt and the
drop shows how much energy is available.

The driver display for propulsion with both the elec-

tric motor and internal combustion engine.

The driver display also shows when
energy is returned to the battery
(regenerated) during light braking.

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457

Pure

•

Drive the car with electric motor, with
energy consumption as low as possible
and with lowest possible carbon dioxide
emissions.

The drive mode prioritises driving on the
hybrid battery. This means, for example, that
the output of certain climate settings is
reduced to provide the longest possible mile-
age on electric power alone.

The

Pure

mode is available when the hybrid

battery has a sufficiently high energy level. The
internal combustion engine also starts in the

Pure

mode if the energy level in the battery

falls too low. The internal combustion engine
also starts

•

if the speed exceeds 125 km/h (78 mph)

•

if the driver requests more motive force
than electric drive can provide

•

in the event of system/component limita-
tions, e.g. low outside temperature.

The drive mode is adapted for maximum range
with electric propulsion and especially devel-
oped for urban traffic.

Pure

means lowest

combustion even when the hybrid battery is
empty. The climate in the passenger compart-
ment is regulated to Eco climate, and in slip-
pery driving conditions, more wheel spin can
be permitted before all-wheel drive is acti-
vated automatically.

ECO climate control

In the

Pure

drive mode, eco climate control is

activated automatically in the passenger com-
partment in order to reduce energy consump-
tion.

NOTE

When the

Pure

drive mode is activated,

several parameters in the climate control
system's settings are changed, and several
electricity consumer functions are reduced.
Certain settings can be reset manually, but
full functionality is only regained by leaving

Pure

drive mode or adapting

Individual

drive mode with full climate functionality.

In the event of difficulties due to misting,
press the button for max. defroster which has
normal functionality.

Constant AWD

•

Improve the car's roadholding and traction
with enhanced all-wheel drive.

The drive mode locks the car in all-wheel drive.
An adapted distribution between the front and
rear axle torque provides good traction, stabil-
ity and roadholding, for example on slippery
roads, when driving with a heavy trailer, or
when towing.

Constant AWD

drive mode is

always available regardless of the battery's
state of charge.

Both the internal combustion engine and elec-
tric motor are engaged in order to drive all four
wheels, which results in increased fuel con-
sumption.

In the car's other drive modes, the car auto-
matically adapts the need for all-wheel drive to
the road surface, and can engage the electric
motor or start the internal combustion engine
when necessary.

Power

•

The car has sportier characteristics and
faster response to accelerating.

The drive mode adapts the combined power
from the internal combustion engine and elec-
tric motor by means of the car being driven by
both front and rear wheels. The gear changes
become faster and more distinct, and the
gearbox prioritises a gear with greater trac-
tion. Steering response is faster and shock
absorption is harder.

Both the internal combustion engine and elec-
tric motor are engaged in order to drive all four
wheels, which results in increased fuel con-
sumption.

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458

The drive mode is adapted for maximum per-
formance and response on acceleration. It
changes the internal combustion engine's
accelerator pedal response, gear shift pattern
and boost pressure system. Chassis settings,
steering and brake response are also as good
as possible.

Power

drive mode is always avail-

able regardless of the battery's state of
charge.

The

Power

mode is also available in the

Polestar Engineered

version

*

.

Individual

•

Adapting a drive mode according to indi-
vidual preferences.

Select a drive mode to start from, and then
adjust the settings according to the desired
driving characteristics. These settings are
saved in an individual driver profile.

An individual drive mode is only available if it is
first activated in the centre display.

Settings view

8

for individual drive mode.

1. Press

Settings

in the top view.

2. Press

My Car

Individual Drive Mode

and select

Individual Drive Mode

.

3. In

Presets

, select a drive mode to start

from:

Pure

,

Hybrid

,

Power

or

Polestar

Engineered

*

.

Possible adjustments apply to settings for:

•

Driver Display

•

Steering Force

•

Powertrain Characteristics

•

Brake Characteristics

•

Suspension Control

•

ECO Climate

Using the electric motor or internal
combustion engine

An advanced control system determines the
extent to which the car is driven on internal
combustion engine, electric motor or both in
parallel.

The primary function is to use the engine or
motor and the available energy in the hybrid
battery as efficiently as possible, with regard
to the characteristics of the different drive
modes as well as the driver's request for
power via the accelerator pedal.

There are also cases where temporary limita-
tions in the system, or functions governed by
legal requirements aimed at maintaining a low
level of total emissions for the car, may use

8

The figure is schematic - parts may vary depending on car model.

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459

the internal combustion engine to a greater
extent.

Related information

•

Changing drive mode (p. 459)

•

Economical driving (p. 464)

•

Energy distribution in hybrid drive using
map data

*

(p. 460)

•

Hybrid gauge (p. 84)

•

General information about Twin Engine
(p. 412)

Changing drive mode

Select the drive mode adapted for the current
driving conditions.

Change the drive mode using the control in
the centre console.

Remember that not all drive modes are availa-
ble in all situations.

To change drive mode:

1. Press the drive mode control

DRIVE

MODE

.

> A pop-up menu is opened in the centre

display.

2. Roll the wheel upward or downward until

the desired drive mode is highlighted.

3. Press the drive mode control or tap

directly on the touch screen to confirm the
selection.
> The selected drive mode is indicated in

the driver display.

Related information

•

Drive modes (p. 455)

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460

Energy distribution in hybrid drive

using map data

*

The

Hybrid

drive mode is the car's normal

mode where the electric motor and internal
combustion engine work individually or
together in hybrid drive. If a destination has
been selected in the navigation system

*

, the

Predictive Efficiency

9

function distributes the

electric energy consumption in an intelligent
way along the whole driving distance using
the map data.

Fuel consumption can then be reduced com-
pared with normal hybrid drive when the car is
first driven on electricity, to then change over
to being driven by the internal combustion
engine when the hybrid battery has been dis-
charged.

Function

If the distance to the selected destination is
greater than the estimated range when run-
ning on electricity, this function distributes the
electric energy for consumption that is as
energy-efficient as possible for the entire dis-
tance to be travelled. This makes it possible to
avoid situations where normal hybrid drive
would otherwise use a large proportion of the
electric energy, for example, to run electric
drive at high speed on a motorway and then
use the internal combustion engine at low
speed in urban driving.

The greatest fuel saving is achieved when

•

the distance to be travelled begins with
driving on a motorway

•

the distance to be travelled is between 50
and 100 km (30 and 60 miles)

•

the hybrid battery is fully charged at the
beginning.

Conditions for the function

For the function to work requires that a num-
ber of conditions are met:

•

A destination is set in the navigation sys-
tem and the driving distance to the desti-
nation is longer than the range possible
only on electric drive.

•

Hybrid

drive mode is selected.

•

The

Hold

and

Charge

functions are deac-

tivated.

•

The hybrid battery is charged.

Tips for use

If the car is used for commuting to work and it
is not possible to charge the car at the place of
work, specify the place of work as an inter-
mediate destination and your home as the
final destination. The discharging of the hybrid
battery will then take place over your runs
both to and from work.

Add similar commuting routes, i.e. the route
between two charging points, as

Favourites

in the navigation system to facilitate arrival.

Related information

•

Drive modes (p. 455)

•

Economical driving (p. 464)

9

Certain markets only.

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* Option/accessory.

461

Level control

*

and shock

absorption

Level control and shock absorption are regu-
lated automatically in the car.

With rear level control, the car maintains the
same height at the rear regardless of load.
Level control can also occur even after the car
has been parked.

Shock absorption (Four-C)

On a car equipped with Four-C the shock
absorption is adapted according to the drive
mode selected and the speed of the car.
Shock absorption is normally set for optimum

comfort and is regulated continuously depend-
ing on the road surface, the car's acceleration,
braking and cornering.

Manually adjustable shock absorbers

*

Polestar Engineered

*

variant cars have the

option to adjust the dampers manually. There
are three recommended positions: perform-
ance position, engineered and comfort posi-
tion.

Performance position

The performance position means that the car's
damping feels harder.

Engineered, factory setting

Engineered is adapted for daily driving.

Comfort position

Comfort position means that the car's damp-
ing feels softer.

During transport

During transport of the car on a ferry, train or
truck, the car must be lashed around the tyres
and not around other parts of the chassis.
Changes in the air suspension may occur dur-
ing transport, which could affect the lashing
negatively.

Symbols and messages in driver display

Symbol

Message

Specification

Suspension

Deactivated by user

The active suspension has been switched off manually by the user.

Suspension

Temporarily reduced performance

The active suspension's performance has been temporarily reduced due to extensive sys-
tem use. If this message appears frequently (e.g. several times in one week) contact a
workshop

A

.

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462

Symbol

Message

Specification

Suspension

Service required

A fault has occurred. Visit a workshop

A

as soon as possible.

Suspension failure

Stop safely

A critical fault has occurred. Stop safely, have the car transported (raised with all wheels
on the flat-bed) to a workshop

A

.

Suspension

Slow down Car too high

A fault has occurred. If the message appears whilst driving, contact a workshop

A

.

Suspension

Auto adjusting car level

Level control of the car's rear axle to target height in progress.

A

An authorised Volvo workshop is recommended.

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463

Related information

•

Settings for level control

*

(p. 464)

•

Drive modes (p. 455)

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464

Settings for level control

*

Switch off the level control when the car is to
be jacked up in order to prevent problems
with automatic regulation.

Settings in the centre display

Disable Leveling Control

In certain cases, the function must be deacti-
vated, e.g. before the car is raised with a jack

*

.

The difference in level created when lifting
with a jack would otherwise mean the auto-
matic control starting to adjust the height, cre-
ating an undesired effect.

Deactivating the function via the centre dis-
play:

1. Press

Settings

in the top view.

2. Press

My Car

Parking Brake and

Suspension

.

3. Select

Disable Leveling Control

.

Related information

•

Level control

*

and shock absorption

(p. 461)

•

Recommendations for loading (p. 589)

Economical driving

Drive economically and in a more eco-friendly
way by driving gently and anticipating situa-
tions.

Adapt your driving style and speed to the pre-
vailing situation.

To achieve the longest driving distance possi-
ble and lowest energy consumption possible
with Twin Engine, note the following:

Charge

•

Charge the car regularly from the mains
power circuit. Make it a habit to always
start a journey with fully-charged hybrid
battery.

•

Find out where the charging stations are
located.

•

If possible, select a parking space with a
charging station.

NOTE

Charge the car from the mains power cir-
cuit as often as possible!

Precondition

•

Precondition the car before driving if pos-
sible using the charging cable connected
to the mains power circuit.

•

Avoid parking the car in a way that the
interior cools down or overheats while

parking. Park the car in an acclimated
garage, for example.

•

During a short drive after preconditioning
of the passenger compartment, switch off
the ventilation fan or air conditioning in a
hot climate, if possible.

•

If preconditioning is not possible when it
is cold outside, use seat heating and steer-
ing wheel heating first of all. Avoid warm-
ing up the whole of the interior which
takes energy from the hybrid battery.

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* Option/accessory.

465

Drive

•

For lowest energy consumption, activate
the

Pure

drive mode.

•

Drive at a steady speed and keep a good
distance to other vehicles and objects in
order to avoid braking. This driving style
results in the lowest energy consumption.

•

Balance the power requirement using the
accelerator pedal. Use the indicator for
available electric motor power in the driver
display in order to avoid starting the inter-
nal combustion engine unnecessarily. The
electric motor is more efficient that the
internal combustion engine, in particular at
low speed.

•

In the event of braking being necessary -
brake gently with the brake pedal, this
recharges the hybrid battery. A regenera-
tive braking function is built into the brake
pedal and can be reinforced with electric
motor braking in gear position

B

.

•

High speed results in increased energy
consumption - the wind resistance increa-
ses with speed.

•

Activate the

Hold

function in the function

view at higher speeds during journeys that
are longer than the range of the electricity.

•

If possible, avoid using the

Charge

func-

tion to charge the hybrid battery. Charging
with the internal combustion engine

increases fuel consumption and involves
increased carbon dioxide emissions.

•

In a cold climate, reduce electrical heating
of windows, mirrors, seats and steering
wheel, if possible.

•

Drive with the correct air pressure in the
tyres and check this regularly - select ECO
tyre pressure for optimum results.

•

Choice of tyres can affect energy con-
sumption - seek advice on suitable tyres
from a dealer.

•

Remove unnecessary items from the car -
the greater the load the higher the con-
sumption.

•

A roof load and ski box increase air resis-
tance, leading to higher consumption -
remove the load carriers when not in use.

•

Avoid driving with open windows.

•

Do not hold the car stationary on a hill
with the accelerator pedal. Use the foot
brake instead.

Related information

•

Drive-E - cleaner driving pleasure (p. 30)

•

Energy distribution in hybrid drive using
map data

*

(p. 460)

•

Factors that affect range when running on
electricity (p. 465)

•

Hybrid gauge (p. 84)

•

Checking tyre pressure (p. 558)

Factors that affect range when

running on electricity

The car's range for electric operation depends
on several factors. The ability to achieve a
long range varies according to the circum-
stances and conditions under which the car is
being driven.

The certified value for the car's mileage on
electric power should not be interpreted as an
expected range. The certification value is a
comparative value obtained by means of spe-
cial EU drive cycles. The actual range is
dependent on a number of factors.

Factors that affect the range

The driver can influence some factors, but has
no influence over others.

The longest range is achieved under extremely
favourable conditions when all factors have a
positive impact.

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466

Factors the driver cannot influence

There are several external factors that affect
the range in varying degrees:

•

traffic situation

•

short driving distances

•

topography

•

outside temperature and headwind

•

road condition and surface.

The table shows the approximate relationship
between outside temperature and range, both
in a car with deactivated passenger compart-
ment climate control, as well as in a car with
normal passenger compartment climate con-
trol.

A warmer outside temperature has a positive
effect on range to a certain extent.

Outside
tempera-
ture

Deactivated
passenger
compart-
ment cli-
mate con-
trol

Normal
passenger
compart-
ment cli-
mate con-
trol

30

°

C

(86

°

F)

95 %

80 %

20

°

C

(68

°

F)

100 %

90 %

10

°

C (50

°

F)

90 %

80 %

Outside
tempera-
ture

Deactivated
passenger
compart-
ment cli-
mate con-
trol

Normal
passenger
compart-
ment cli-
mate con-
trol

0

°

C (32

°

F)

80 %

60 %

-10

°

C

(14

°

F)

70 %

40 %

Factors the driver can influence

The driver should be aware that the following
factors affect the range so he/she can operate
the car in an energy-efficient manner:

•

regular charging

•

preconditioning

•

drive mode

Pure

•

climate settings

•

speed and acceleration

•

Hold

function

•

tyres and tyre pressure.

The table shows the approximate relationship
between constant speed and range, where a
lower constant speed has a positive effect on
range.

Constant speed

100 km/h (62 mph)

50 %

80 km/h (50 mph)

70 %

60 km/h (37 mph)

90 %

50 km/h (31 mph)

100 %

NOTE

•

The values shown in the tables relate
to a new car.

•

These values are not absolute, but are
dependent upon driving behaviour,
environment and other circumstances.

Related information

•

Economical driving (p. 464)

•

Hold and Charge function (p. 467)

•

Drive modes (p. 455)

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467

Hold and Charge function

In some situations, it can be useful to be able
to control the hybrid battery's state of charge
while driving is in progress. This is possible
with the functions

Hold

and

Charge

.

Hold

and

Charge

are available in all drive

modes. The functions are cancelled if

Pure

drive mode is activated.

Function buttons for Hold and Charge

The functions are activated in the centre dis-
play's function view.

Hold

Battery level sustained for
later use

.

The function maintains the
charge in the hybrid battery
for electric drive and saves
available electricity for later

use, e.g. for driving in an urban environment or
through a residential area.

The car works as for normal hybrid operation
with discharged battery where, in addition to
re-using brake-generated energy, for example,
the car starts the internal combustion engine
more often in order to maintain the charge in
the battery.

Charge

Engine charges hybrid
battery

.

The function charges the
hybrid battery with assis-
tance from the internal com-
bustion engine for using

increased electric operation at a later time.

Symbols in the driver display

The symbol

is shown in the hybrid battery

gauge when Hold is activated.

The symbol

is shown in the hybrid battery

gauge when Charge is activated.

Related information

•

Economical driving (p. 464)

•

Hybrid gauge (p. 84)

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468

Preparations for a long trip

Before a driving holiday or some other type of
long journey, it is important to check the car's
functions and equipment particularly care-
fully.

Check that

•

the engine is working normally and that
fuel consumption is normal

•

there are no leaks (fuel, oil or other fluid)

•

braking effect on braking works as
intended

•

all lamps are working - adjust headlamp
level if the car is heavily laden

•

the tyres have sufficient tread depth and
pressure. Change to winter tyres when
driving to areas where there is a risk of
snowy or icy road surfaces

•

starter battery charging is good

•

the wiper blades are in good condition

•

a warning triangle and high-visibility vest
are located in the car - legally required in
certain countries

Related information

•

Checking tyre pressure (p. 558)

•

Fuel consumption and CO

2

emissions

(p. 668)

•

Filling washer fluid (p. 651)

•

Winter driving (p. 468)

•

Economical driving (p. 464)

•

Settings for car modem

*

(p. 534)

•

Recommendations for loading (p. 589)

•

Driving with a trailer (p. 481)

•

Pilot Assist

*

(p. 309)

•

Speed limiter (p. 290)

•

Emergency puncture repair kit (p. 574)

Winter driving

For winter driving it is important to perform
certain checks of the car in order to ensure
that it can be driven safely.

Check the following in particular before the
cold season:

•

The engine coolant must contain 50%
glycol. This mixture protects the engine
against frost down to approx. -35°C
(-31°F). To avoid health risks, different
types of glycol must not be mixed.

•

The fuel tank must be kept filled to pre-
vent condensation.

•

Engine oil viscosity is important. Oils with
lower viscosity (thinner oils) facilitate star-
ting in cold weather and also reduce fuel
consumption while the engine is cold.

IMPORTANT

Low viscosity oil must not be used for hard
driving or in hot weather.

•

The condition of the starter battery and
charge level must be inspected. Cold
weather places great demands on the
starter battery and its capacity is reduced
by the cold.

•

Use washer fluid with antifreeze to avoid
ice forming in the washer fluid reservoir.

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469

Slippery driving conditions

To achieve optimum roadholding Volvo recom-
mends using winter tyres on all wheels if there
is a risk of snow or ice.

NOTE

The use of winter tyres is a legal require-
ment in certain countries. Studded tyres
are not permitted in all countries.

Practise driving on slippery surfaces under
controlled conditions to learn how the car
reacts.

Related information

•

Winter tyres (p. 572)

•

Snow chains (p. 573)

•

Braking on gritted roads (p. 442)

•

Braking on wet roads (p. 441)

•

Filling washer fluid (p. 651)

•

Starter battery (p. 611)

•

Replacing windscreen wiper blades
(p. 649)

•

Topping up coolant (p. 608)

•

Adverse driving conditions for engine oil
(p. 664)

Driving in water

Wading means the car being driven through
water, e.g. on a flooded road. Driving in water
must be performed with great caution.

Observe the following to prevent damage to
the car when driving through water:

•

The water level must not be higher than
the floor of the car. If possible, check the
depth at the deepest point before starting
to drive through the water. Extra caution
should be exercised when passing
through flowing water.

•

Do not drive faster than walking pace.

•

Do not stop the car in the water. Drive for-
ward carefully or reverse the car back out
of the water.

•

Remember that waves created by oncom-
ing traffic may rise above the level for the
floor of the car.

•

Avoid driving through salt water (corrosion
risk).

IMPORTANT

Parts of the car (e.g. engine, gearbox,
driveline or electrical components) may be
damaged when driving through water with
a level higher than the floor of the car.
Damaged caused to a component caused
by submersion, hydrolock or lack of oil is
not covered by the warranty.

In the event of stalling in water, do not try
to restart. Instead, tow the car out of the
water and transported on a low loader to a
workshop. An authorised Volvo workshop
is recommended.

When the water has been passed, depress the
brake pedal lightly and check that full brake
function is achieved. Water and mud for
example can make the brake linings wet
resulting in delayed brake function.

If necessary, clean the contact for the trailer
coupling after driving in water and mud.

Related information

•

Recovery (p. 488)

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470

Opening and closing the fuel filler

flap

The fuel filler flap is unlocked by pressing a
button on the instrument panel.

In the driver display, the
arrow next to the tank symbol
indicates which side of the
car the fuel filler flap is
located.

1. Press the button on the instrument panel.

> Pressure equalisation of the fuel tank

involves a certain delay in opening the
flap. The message

Preparing for refuel

Fuel lid will be unlocked when ready

appears in the driver display, and when
the system is ready the message

Fuel

tank

Ready for refuelling

appears in

the driver display. If the internal com-
bustion engine is switched on when the
button is pressed, it is generally
switched off and the car switches to
electric mode.

NOTE

After the fuel filler flap has been opened,
refuelling must take place within about 15
minutes. After this, the valve that was
opened by pressing the button to open the
fuel filler cap is closed, and it is no longer
possible to refuel because the pump nozzle
cuts out.

If the valve is closed before refuelling is
complete - press the button again and wait
until the driver display shows the message

Fuel tank

Ready for refuelling

.

2. After refuelling is finished - close the flap

with a gentle press.

Related information

•

Filling fuel (p. 471)

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471

Filling fuel

The fuel tank is fitted with a coverless fuel
filler system.

Refuelling the car at a petrol station

It is important to feed the pump nozzle past the filler

pipe's two openable hatches before starting to fuel

the car.

Fuelling instruction:

1. Switch off the car and open the fuel filler

flap.

NOTE

After the fuel filler flap has been opened,
refuelling must take place within about 15
minutes. After this, the valve that was
opened by pressing the button to open the
fuel filler cap is closed, and it is no longer
possible to refuel because the pump nozzle
cuts out.

If the valve is closed before refuelling is
complete - press the button again and wait
until the driver display shows the message

Fuel tank

Ready for refuelling

.

2.

Choose fuel that is approved for use in the
car in accordance with the identifier

10

on

the inside of the fuel filler flap. See infor-
mation on approved fuels and identifier in
the section on "Petrol".

3. Insert the pump nozzle in the fuel filler

opening. The filler pipe has two opening
caps. The pump nozzle must be pushed
past both caps before refuelling is started.

10

The identifier in accordance with the CEN standard EN16942 is located on the inside of the fuel filler flap, and will be on corresponding fuel pumps and their nozzles at filling stations throughout

Europe by 12 October 2018 at the latest.