Ford Falcon. Manual — part 227
307-01-11 Automatic
Transmission 307-01-11
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION (Continued)
Engine Speed
Solenoids
The engine speed signal is taken from the tachometer
signal line.
Road Speed
The road speed signal is taken from the speedometer
transducer to speedometer line (ABS model only). On
non-ABS models, the speed signal is taken from the
speedometer transducer on the output shaft.
Transmission Sump Temperature
This sensor takes the form of a thermistor located in
the solenoid wiring loom within the transmission.
Above certain temperatures, overheat strategies are
invoked as indicated in the table below.
Temp (
°C)
Overheat Strategy
Item
Description
115
Fan engaged.
1
Exhaust
No driver alert.
2
Line 500
120
In Adaptive mode,
Solenoids Nos. 1 to 6 are mounted in the valve body.
power shift schedule
Solenoid No. 7 is mounted in the pump cover.
is selected.
Solenoids 1 and 2 are normally open ON/OFF
Engine temperature
solenoids that combine with other solenoids to set the
jewel will appear.
selected gear.
PRNDL indicator will
Solenoids 3 and 4 are normally open ON/OFF
flash.
solenoids that combine to control shift quality
125
Torque converter
sequencing. They also combine with other solenoids
lock-up invoked in
to obtain certain gear states.
2nd, 3rd and 4th
Solenoid 5 is a variable pressure solenoid (VPS) that
gears above certain
ramps the pressure during gear changes to control
calibratable shaft
shift quality. It is also used to obtain certain gear
speed points.
states in combination with other solenoids.
135
Vehicle restricted to a
Solenoid 6 is a normally open ON/OFF solenoid that
calibratable constant
sets the high/low level of line pressure.
torque.
Solenoid 7 is a normally open ON/OFF solenoid that
Transmission Range Sensor
controls the application of the converter clutch.
The transmission range TR sensor is incorporated in
Accelerator Pedal Position (APP) Sensor
the inhibitor switch mounted on the side of the
The APP is part of the Electronic Throttle Control ETC transmission case and provides discrete resistance
system. ETC provides direct throttle control by
values indicating the gear selected by the gear shift
eliminating the throttle cable. A spring is contained in
lever.
the APP to proved pedal resistance. The APP
contains three potentiometers: one reverse slope full
ratio, one forward slope full-ratio and one forward
slope half-ratio. This allows an accurate picture of
both the accelerator pedal position and rate of change
to be sent to the PCM, while providing a failsafe
backup if one of the potentiometers fails. The APP is
not serviceable, if faulty replace the APP as an
assembly.
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307-01-12 Automatic
Transmission 307-01-12
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION (Continued)
Temperature Sensor Location in Solenoid Loom
G73081 en
307-01-13 Automatic
Transmission 307-01-13
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION (Continued)
Override Function
Adaptive Shift Strategy
The adaptive shift strategy allows for an immediate
The PCM features an adaptive shift strategy, which is
change to maximum performance shifting when the
controlled by the software within the PCM. By
pedal application is greater than 85%. When the pedal
continuously monitoring the driver’s accelerator inputs
falls below 85%, the adaptive shift level will return to
(via the Throttle Position Sensor - measuring throttle
the level used prior to the 85% pedal application.
position and rate of change, and vehicle speed-VSS),
the PCM determines the driving style being used and
Kickdown Strategy
modifies the gearshift points to suit that style.
A ‘kickdown’, or forced downshift feature, is controlled
The PCM selects from 6 graduated shift maps. The
by the PCM. The PCM reads pedal position, rate of
maps are selected automatically by the PCM
pedal application, engine speed and road speed
dependent on the driving style being used at the time.
signals to determine and select the required gear.
Keep alive memory data retention
The 93/97LE PCM contains a ‘Keep Alive Memory’
capability. When in Adaptive Mode, this enables the
module to maintain a score of various engine/
transmission parameters and optimise the
transmission shift points.
The Keep Alive Memory also stores the fault data for
service technician use in diagnosis. This data is
stored for 40 warm up cycles of the PCM. (Warm =
transmission temp. > 50
°C)
If the power supply to the PCM is interrupted the PCM
may lose the data in the ’Keep Alive Memory’.
The data retention time for the PCM depends on the
The Shift maps are essentially sets of tables which
module temperature during the time that the power
dictate the speeds at which the transmission will
supply is interrupted (e.g. battery disconnected).
change gear, based on vehicle speed and throttle
position.
Engine Idle Up Strategy
Operation
To ensure sufficient pump capacity the PCM controls
the engine idle at different transmission oil
The PCM monitors what pedal position is used for
temperatures.
upshifts and/or downshifts and compiles a composite
score which reflects a particular driver’s behaviour. If
The Shift Pressure Control System
the composite score is higher than the current “library”
score then it will move to the next more aggressive
Variable Pressure Solenoid (VPS) Multiplexing
“shift map”, or vice versa.
System
There are two parameters that the adaptive shift
Friction element shifting pressures are controlled by
routine continuously monitors to determine the best
the variable pressure solenoid No. 5. Line pressure is
suited “shift map” to suit the driver’s driving
completely independent of shift pressure.
behaviour.
VPS pressure is supplied continuously to the
Parameters monitored are as follows:
converter clutch regulator valve and is multiplexed to
the clutch and band regulator valves during timed
1. Shift Scoring
gearshifts.
The "Shift Scoring" parameter is used to record and
The multiplexing is carried out by two normally open
monitor the position of the pedal at the start of a shift.
on/off solenoids. These on/off solenoids act via a
The PCM does this using the APP signal.
plunger to apply either VPS outlet pressure or Line
500 reference pressure to one end of the regulator
2. Launch Scoring
valve. The other end of the regulator valve is fed with
The “Launch Scoring” parameter is used to record
band or clutch feed-back pressure.
and monitor the pedal position each time the vehicle
Except when in Auto 1st , Manual 1st or RLO gear
is accelerated from rest. The PCM does this using the
state, under steady state conditions the band and
pedal position sensor and vehicle speed sensor (APP
clutch regulator valve solenoids are switched off. This
vs VSS).
applies full Line 500 pressure to the plunger and
because Line 500 pressure is always greater than S5
pressure, it squeezes the S5 oil from between the
regulator valve and the plunger. The friction elements
G73081 en
307-01-14 Automatic
Transmission 307-01-14
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION (Continued)
are then fed oil pressure equal to Line 500 multiplied
hence controls the shift pressures. It is also
by the regulator valve amplification ratio. When a
utilised to obtain Auto 1st, Garage 1st and 3rd
gearshift is not in progress the VPS current is set to
Limp Home.
200 mA which gives a pressure of approximately 450
S7 - Lock up solenoid LUS switches converter
kPa.
clutch on or off, solenoid on applies the clutch.
When a shift is initiated the required on/off solenoid is
Variable Pressure Solenoid (VPS) Operation
switched on cutting the supply of Line 500 oil to the
plunger. At the same time the VPS pressure is
Solenoid S5 is a proportional or variable pressure
reduced to the ramp start value and assumes control
solenoid that provides the signal pressure to the
of the regulator valve by pushing the plunger away
clutch and band regulator valves thereby controlling
from the valve. The VPS then carries out the required shift pressures.
pressure ramp and the timed shift is completed by
A variable pressure solenoid produces an oil pressure
switching off the on/off solenoid and returning the
inversely proportional to the current applied.
VPS to the standby pressure.
During a gearshift the PCM applies a progressively
This system enables either the band or clutch or both increasing or decreasing (ramped) current to the
to be electrically selected for each gearshift. The
solenoid. Current applied will vary between a
multiplexing arrangement also increases transmission minimum of 0.2 amps and a maximum of 1.275 amps.
reliability since it requires both the VPS and one on/off
Increasing current decreases output (S5) pressure.
solenoid to fail before a friction element burn-up can
Decreasing current increases output (S5) pressure.
occur.
Line 500 pressure, 480 kPa, is the reference pressure
The converter clutch regulator valve is permanently
for the VPS.
connected to the VPS but its regulated outlet pressure
S5 output pressure has a maximum value of
is only fed to the torque converter when the lock up
approximately 450 kPa.
solenoid LUS S7 is activated.
When the VPS is on standby (i.e. no gearshift is
The VPS has been fitted with nose filters to prevent
taking place), the VPS current is set at 0.2 amps
the ingress of contaminants resulting in solenoid
giving maximum output pressure. This current may be
stiction and hence further increase the overall system
lower when the lockup clutch is applied in high
reliability.
performance vehicles.
Solenoid Shifting Sequence
Solenoid Valve Symbols (On/Off Solenoids)
Tables 1 and 2 outline the usage of solenoid numbers
The solenoid symbol shown adjacent to each solenoid
S1, S2, S3, S4, S5 and S7 in each gear position and
on the hydraulic system schematics indicates the
during gear shifts.
state of the oil flow through the solenoid valve with the
In brief:
power On or Off.
S1 & S2 - determine static gear position by
Both halves of the symbol are identical, only the
operating the shift valves.
spring end is labeled.
S3 - Switches the clutch regulator valve off or on. In the example illustrated:
It is also utilised to obtain Reverse, RLO, Manual
POWER ON Line 500 port is closed. The S1 port
1st, Garage 1st and 2nd No Engine Braking.
is open to exhaust at the solenoid valve.
S4 - Switches the band regulator valve off or on. It
POWER OFF The exhaust port is closed. The S1
is also utilised to obtain Auto 1st, Garage 1st and
port is open to Line 500.
3rd Limp Home.
S5 - Variable pressure solenoid VPS provides the
signal pressure to the clutch, band regulator and
G73081 en
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