Ford F-650/750 (2018 year). Manual — part 1

E154903

Right-hand side.

A

Left-hand side.

B

Warnings

WARNING

Throughout this guide, you will find
warnings identified by the warning
symbol. Warnings remind you to be

especially careful to reduce the risk of
personal injury.

Diesel Engine Information

The diesel engine fuel system is a
pressurized two-stage filtration system
and consists of:

•

A frame-mounted Fuel and Water
Separator primary filter with an electric
fuel pump and water drain

•

An engine-mounted secondary fuel
filter

•

A fuel injector for each cylinder (8
total)

•

A high-pressure fuel pump

•

A high-pressure fuel rail for each
cylinder bank (2 total)

•

Numerous high-pressure pipes from
the high-pressure pump to the rails,
and rails to the injectors

The fuel and water separator removes
both water and impurities from the fuel.
The engine-mounted filter filters finer
impurities from the diesel fuel. The
engine-mounted fuel filter and the
frame-mounted fuel filter should be
changed at the recommended service
interval or when indicated by the
information display LOW FUEL PRESSURE
message. See Scheduled Maintenance
(page 320).

The fuel and water separator should be
drained at regular intervals (recommended
at every oil change) or when indicated by
the information display and water in fuel
indicator light. See Fuel Quality (page
93).

Proper fuel filter maintenance and prompt
water draining when the water in fuel light
illuminates is essential to prevent injection
equipment damage. Ignoring the water in
fuel light or the information display
message WATER IN FUEL DRAIN FILTER
can cause your vehicle to go into a reduced
power mode.

A frame-mounted electric fuel pump
located inside the fuel and water separator
draws fuel from the fuel tank to provide
pressurized fuel to the engine. The fuel
pump contains a pressure relief valve for
overpressure protection in the event of
restricted flow.

The fuel injection system is controlled
through the powertrain control module.

Engine Protection Mode

Ford diesel engines are equipped with
engine protection and emission control
systems. These systems monitor critical
temperatures and pressures, and modify
engine operation accordingly. These
modified engine performance
characteristics are normal.

If these modified engine performance
characteristics persist for an extended
period and either the service engine soon
or powertrain malfunction, reduced power,
electronic throttle control light is
illuminated, have the system checked by
an authorized dealer.

Service engine soon

Powertrain malfunction, reduced
power, electronic throttle control

Diesel Lubrication System

It is important to change the engine oil at
the recommended service intervals or
when indicated by the information display
to maintain oil viscosity. Extending the oil
and filter change interval beyond the
recommended interval can negatively
affect engine performance, fuel economy
and engine life. See Engine Oil Check
(page 190).

Engine and secondary cooling system

The cooling system contains a primary
cooling loop to cool the engine and a
secondary cooling loop to cool the
transmission, charge air, and fuel. The
coolant serves three primary purposes: to
provide heat transfer, freeze point
protection, and corrosion protection using
additives.

Vehicles with diesel engines typically are
used to carry heavy loads and accumulate
mileage rapidly. These two factors may
cause the additives in the coolant to wear
out in a shorter time. You can find more
information about coolant additives and
coolant change intervals in the coolant
chapter. See General Maintenance
Information (page 320). Operating the
engine with insufficient coolant or coolant
additive can cause severe engine damage.

Selective catalytic reduction system

Your vehicle is equipped with a selective
catalytic reduction system designed to
reduce emission levels of nitrogen oxides
from the exhaust of your diesel engine. This
system relies on the use of Diesel Exhaust
Fluid (DEF) that you must replenish at
certain intervals. Failure to maintain proper
DEF levels or if the DEF becomes
contaminated will result in vehicle speed
limitations or result in your vehicle entering
an idle-only mode. See Selective
Catalytic Reductant System (page 105).

Minor Troubleshooting Guide

If the engine won’t crank

WARNING

Battery posts, terminals and related
accessories contain lead and lead
compounds. Wash hands after

handling.

Turn on the headlights. If the lights are dim,
do not go on at all or when the ignition is
turned to the start position, the lights
become dim or go out, the battery
connections may be loose or corroded, or
the battery may be discharged. If there is
a clicking or stuttering sound coming from
the engine compartment when you turn
the key to the start position, this may also
indicate a loose or corroded battery
connection.

Check the battery connections at the
battery posts, cable connection to the
engine grounding point and at the starter
connection.

If you suspect a discharged battery, have
it checked and corrected.

•

The gearshift lever must be in P (Park)
or N (Neutral) in order for the starter
to operate.

•

Try operating the starter switch several
times. This operation may clean
potentially corroded contacts or make
the switch temporarily operable until
you can reach the dealer.

•

If all electrical connections are tight
and you need assistance to start, See
Jump Starting the Vehicle (page 155).

If engine cranks but won’t start

Prolonged starter cranking (in excess of 10
seconds) could cause damage to the
starter motor or the high-pressure fuel
pump.

•

Check the fuel gauge. You may be out
of fuel. If the gauge shows that there
is fuel in the tank, the trouble may be
in the electrical system or the fuel
system. If equipped with an auxiliary
tank, be sure that the tank control
switch is set for the tank with fuel and
not on an empty tank.

•

Leaving your ignition key turned to on
for over two minutes without starting
may make starting difficult because
the glow plugs will cease activation.
Reset the system by turning the ignition
key to off and then back to on again.

Note: If the system is out of fuel and the
engine will not start, do not continue
cranking the engine. Continued cranking can
damage the high-pressure fuel pump.

If the engine runs hot

The following could cause the engine to
overheat:

•

Lack of coolant

•

Dirty cooling system.

•

Plugged radiator fins, A/C condenser
and/or oil cooler

•

Malfunctioning fan drive

•

Driving with frozen coolant

•

Sticking thermostat

•

Overloading or pulling heavy trailers
during hot weather

•

Grill or radiator air blockage

•

Slipping or missing drive belt

•

Plugged or very dirty air filter

If fuses burn out

WARNING

Replacement fuses and circuit
breakers must always be the same
rating as the original equipment

shown. Never replace a fuse or circuit
breaker with one of a higher rating. Higher
rated fuses or circuit breakers could allow
circuit overloading in the event of a circuit
malfunction, resulting in severe vehicle
damage or personal injury due to fire.

Burned-out or blown fuses usually indicate
an electrical short-circuit, although a fuse
may occasionally burn out from vibration.
Insert a second fuse. If this fuse
immediately burns out and you cannot
locate the cause, return your vehicle to
your dealer for a circuit check. See
Changing a Fuse (page 174).

Selective catalytic reduction system
speed limit and Idle-only modes

If the vehicle’s speed is limited or in an
idle-only mode, the selective catalytic
reduction system may be limiting the
vehicle’s functions due to low or
contaminated DEF. Check the DEF. See
Selective Catalytic Reductant System
(page 105).

SYMBOLS GLOSSARY

These are some of the symbols you may
see on your vehicle.

E162384

Air conditioning system

E231157

Air conditioning system lubricant
type

Anti-lock braking system

Avoid smoking, flames or sparks

Battery

Battery acid

Brake fluid - non petroleum
based

Brake system

Cabin air filter

Check fuel cap

Child safety door lock or unlock

Child seat lower anchor

Child seat tether anchor

E71340

Cruise control

Do not open when hot

Engine air filter

Engine coolant

Engine coolant temperature

Engine oil

Explosive gas

Fan warning

E71880

Fasten seatbelt

E231160

Flammable

E67017

Front airbag

Front fog lamps

Fuel pump reset

Fuse compartment

Hazard warning flashers

Heated rear window

Heated windshield