Ford E-450 (2023 year). Manual in english — page 1

ABOUT THIS MANUAL

Thank you for choosing Ford. We
recommend that you take some time to
get to know your vehicle by reading this
manual. The more that you know about
your vehicle, the greater the safety and
pleasure you will get from driving it.

WARNING:

Driving while

distracted can result in loss of vehicle
control, crash and injury. We strongly
recommend that you use extreme
caution when using any device that may
take your focus off the road. Your
primary responsibility is the safe
operation of your vehicle. We
recommend against the use of any
hand-held device while driving and
encourage the use of voice-operated
systems when possible. Make sure you
are aware of all applicable local laws
that may affect the use of electronic
devices while driving.

Note:

This manual describes product

features and options available throughout
the range of available models, sometimes
even before they are generally available. It
may describe options not fitted to the
vehicle you have purchased.

Note:

Some of the illustrations in this

manual may show features as used in
different models, so may appear different
to you on your vehicle.

Note:

Always use and operate your vehicle

in line with all applicable laws and
regulations.

Note:

Pass on this manual when selling

your vehicle. It is an integral part of your
vehicle.

This manual may qualify the location of a
component as left-hand side or right-hand
side. The side is determined when facing
forward in the seat.

E154903

Right-hand side.

A

Left-hand side.

B

SYMBOLS GLOSSARY

These are some of the symbols you may
see on your vehicle.

E162384

Air conditioning system

E231157

Air conditioning system lubricant
type

Anti-lock braking system

Avoid smoking, flames or sparks

Battery

Battery acid

Brake fluid - non petroleum
based

Brake system

7

Introduction

E270480

Brake system

E139223

Cabin air filter

Check fuel cap

Child safety door lock or unlock

Child seat lower anchor

E141128

Child seat tether anchor

E71340

Cruise control

Do not open when hot

Engine air filter

Engine coolant

Engine coolant temperature

Engine oil

Explosive gas

Fan warning

E71880

Fasten seatbelt

E231160

Flammable

E67017

Front airbag

Front fog lamps

Fuel pump reset

Fuse compartment

Hazard flashers

Heated rear window

Windshield defrosting system

Interior luggage compartment
release

Jack

E161353

Keep out of reach of children

Lighting control

Low tire pressure warning

Maintain correct fluid level

Note operating instructions

8

Introduction

E270945

Horn control

Panic alarm

E139213

Parking aid

Parking brake

Power steering fluid

Power windows front/rear

Power window lockout

E231159

Requires registered technician

E65963

Safety alert

See Owner's Manual

E231158

See Service Manual

Malfunction Indicator Lamp
(MIL)

E270849

Passenger airbag activated

E270850

Passenger airbag deactivated

Side airbag

E167012

Shield the eyes

E138639

Stability control

E163957

Hill descent control

E272858

Trail control

E270969

Windshield wiping system

Windshield wash and wipe

PERCHLORATE

Certain components in your vehicle such
as airbag modules, seatbelt pretensioners
and remote control batteries may contain
perchlorate material. Special handling
may apply for service or vehicle end of life
disposal.

For more information visit:

Web Address

www.dtsc.ca.gov/hazard-

ouswaste/perchlorate

FORD CREDIT

US Only

Ford Credit offers a full range of financing
and lease plans to help you acquire your
vehicle. If you have financed or leased your
vehicle through Ford Credit, thank you for
your business.

9

Introduction

For assistance call 1-800-727-7000, or for
more information about Ford Credit and
access to the online Account Manager tool,
visit www.ford.com/finance.

REPLACEMENT PARTS
RECOMMENDATION

We have built your vehicle to the highest
standards using quality parts. We
recommend that you demand the use of
genuine Ford and Motorcraft parts
whenever your vehicle requires scheduled
maintenance or repair. You can clearly
identify genuine Ford and Motorcraft parts
by looking for the Ford, FoMoCo or
Motorcraft branding on the parts or their
packaging.

Scheduled Maintenance and
Mechanical Repairs

One of the best ways for you to make sure
that your vehicle provides years of service
is to have it maintained in line with our
recommendations using parts that
conform to the specifications detailed in
this Owner’s Manual.

Genuine Ford and Motorcraft parts meet
or exceed these specifications.

Collision Repairs

We hope that you never experience a
collision, but accidents happen sometimes.

Genuine Ford replacement collision parts
meet our stringent requirements for fit,
finish, structural integrity, corrosion
protection and dent resistance. During
vehicle development we validate that
these parts deliver the intended level of
protection as a whole system. A great way
to know for sure you are getting this level
of protection is to use genuine Ford
replacement collision parts.

Warranty on Replacement Parts

Genuine Ford and Motorcraft replacement
parts are the only replacement parts that
benefit from a Ford Warranty.

The Ford Warranty may not cover damage
caused to your vehicle as a result of failed
non-Ford parts.

For additional information, refer to the
terms and conditions of the Ford Warranty.

SPECIAL NOTICES

New Vehicle Limited Warranty

For a detailed description of what is
covered by your New Vehicle Limited
Warranty, see your warranty guide that is
available online. For more information,
refer to our website and download your
copy of the warranty guide.

Special Instructions

For your added safety, your vehicle is fitted
with sophisticated electronic controls.

WARNING:

You risk death, fire, or

serious injury to yourself and others if you
do not follow the instruction highlighted
by the warning symbol.

WARNING: Never

place front seat

mounted rear-facing child or infant seats
in front of an active passenger airbag.

10

Introduction

Fleet Telematics Modem

(If Equipped)

The onboard modem provides access to
data to support telematics services such
as location, speed, idle time, fuel, vehicle
diagnostics and maintenance alerts. To
explore data, telematics services, third
party service provider support and to
manage existing telematics accounts, refer
to www.commericalsolutions.ford.com or
call 833-FCS-FORD.

Note:

This is not available with FordPass

Connect.

FordPass Connect

(If Equipped)

With a FordPass Connect-equipped
vehicle, you can use FordPass to track your
vehicle’s location and remotely access
vehicle features such as start, lock and
unlock and vehicle status including fuel
level and approximate mileage. Message
and data rates may apply. Services may
be limited by mobile phone network
coverage area. For additional information,
refer to www.fordpass.com.

On Board Diagnostics Data Link
Connector

WARNING:

Do not connect

wireless plug-in devices to the data link
connector. Unauthorized third parties
could gain access to vehicle data and
impair the performance of safety related
systems. Only allow repair facilities that
follow our service and repair instructions
to connect their equipment to the data
link connector.

Your vehicle has an OBD Data Link
Connector (DLC) that is used in
conjunction with a diagnostic scan tool for
vehicle diagnostics, repairs and
reprogramming services. Installing an
aftermarket device that uses the DLC
during normal driving for purposes such as

remote insurance company monitoring,
transmission of vehicle data to other
devices or entities, or altering the
performance of the vehicle, may cause
interference with or even damage to
vehicle systems. We do not recommend
or endorse the use of aftermarket plug-in
devices unless approved by Ford. The
vehicle Warranty will not cover damage
caused by an aftermarket plug-in device.

Notice to Owners of Pickup Trucks
and Utility Type Vehicles

WARNING:

Utility vehicles have a

significantly higher rollover rate than
other types of vehicles.

WARNING:

Vehicles with a higher

center of gravity (utility and four-wheel
drive vehicles) handle differently than
vehicles with a lower center of gravity
(passenger cars). Avoid sharp turns,
excessive speed and abrupt steering in
these vehicles. Failure to drive cautiously
increases the risk of losing control of your
vehicle, vehicle rollover, personal injury
and death.

Before you drive your vehicle, please read
this Owner’s Manual carefully. Your vehicle
is not a passenger car. As with other
vehicles of this type, failure to operate this
vehicle correctly may result in loss of
vehicle control, vehicle rollover, personal
injury or death.

Using your Vehicle as an
Ambulance

If your light truck has the Ford Ambulance
Preparation Package, it may be utilized as
an ambulance. Ford urges ambulance
manufacturers to follow the
recommendations of the Ford Incomplete
Vehicle Manual, Ford Truck Body Builder’s
Layout Book and the Qualified Vehicle

11

Introduction

Modifiers (QVM) Guidelines as well as
pertinent supplements. For additional
information, please contact the Truck Body
Builders Advisory Service at
http://www.fleet.ford.com/truckbbas/
and then by selecting Contact Us or by
phone at 1–877–840–4338.

Use of your Ford light truck as an
ambulance, without the Ford Ambulance
Preparation Package voids the Ford New
Vehicle Limited Warranty and may void
the emissions warranties. In addition,
ambulance usage without the preparation
package could cause high underbody
temperatures, over-pressurized fuel and a
risk of spraying fuel, which could lead to
fires.

If your vehicle has the Ford Ambulance
Preparation Package, it will be indicated
on the Safety Compliance Certification
Label. The label is on the driver side door
pillar or on the rear edge of the driver door.
You can determine whether the
ambulance manufacturer followed Ford’s
recommendations by directly contacting
that manufacturer.

MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS
EQUIPMENT

WARNING:

Driving while

distracted can result in loss of vehicle
control, crash and injury. We strongly
recommend that you use extreme
caution when using any device that may
take your focus off the road. Your
primary responsibility is the safe
operation of your vehicle. We
recommend against the use of any

hand-held device while driving and
encourage the use of voice-operated
systems when possible. Make sure you
are aware of all applicable local laws
that may affect the use of electronic
devices while driving.

Using mobile communications equipment
is becoming increasingly important in the
conduct of business and personal affairs.
However, you must not compromise your
own or others’ safety when using such
equipment. Mobile communications can
enhance personal safety and security when
appropriately used, particularly in
emergency situations. Safety must be
paramount when using mobile
communications equipment to avoid
negating these benefits. Mobile
communication equipment includes, but
is not limited to, cellular phones, pagers,
portable email devices, text messaging
devices and portable two-way radios.

12

Introduction

WARNING:

Do not connect

wireless plug-in devices to the data link
connector. Unauthorized third parties
could gain access to vehicle data and
impair the performance of safety related
systems. Only allow repair facilities that
follow our service and repair instructions
to connect their equipment to the data
link connector.

We respect your privacy and are
committed to protecting it. The
information contained in this publication
was correct at the time of release, but as
technology rapidly changes, we
recommend that you visit the local Ford
website for the latest information.

Your vehicle has electronic control units
that have data recording functionality and
the ability to permanently or temporarily
store data. This data could include
information on the condition and status of
your vehicle, vehicle maintenance
requirements, events and malfunctions.
The types of data that can be recorded are
described in this section. Some of the data
recorded is stored in event logs or error
logs.

Note:

Error logs are reset following a service

or repair.

Note:

We may provide information in

response to requests from law enforcement,
other government authorities and third
parties acting with lawful authority or
through a legal process. Such information
could be used by them in legal proceedings.

Data recorded includes, for example:

Operating states of system
components, for example fuel level,
tire pressure and battery charge level.

Vehicle and component status, for
example wheel speed, deceleration,
lateral acceleration and seatbelt
status.

Events or errors in essential systems,
for example headlamps and brakes.

System responses to driving situations,
for example airbag deployment and
stability control.

Environmental conditions, for example
temperature.

Some of this data, when used in
combination with other information, for
example an accident report, damage to a
vehicle or eyewitness statements, could
be associated with a specific person.

Services That We Provide

If you use our services, we collect and use
data, for example account information,
vehicle location and driving characteristics,
that could identify you. We transmit this
data through a dedicated, protected
connection. We only collect and use data
to enable your use of our services to which
you have subscribed, with your consent or
where permitted by law. For additional
information, see the terms and conditions
of the services to which you have
subscribed.

For additional information about our
privacy policy, refer to the local Ford
website.

Services That Third Parties
Provide

We recommend that you review the terms
and conditions and data privacy
information for any services equipped with
your vehicle or to which you subscribe. We
take no responsibility for services that third
parties provide.

13

Data Privacy

SERVICE DATA

Service data recorders in your vehicle are
capable of collecting and storing
diagnostic information about your vehicle.
This potentially includes information about
the performance or status of various
systems and modules in the vehicle, such
as engine, throttle, steering or brake
systems. In order to properly diagnose and
service your vehicle, Ford Motor Company
(Ford of Canada in Canada), and service
and repair facilities may access or share
among them vehicle diagnostic
information received through a direct
connection to your vehicle when
diagnosing or servicing your vehicle.
Additionally, Ford Motor Company (Ford
of Canada, in Canada) may, where
permitted by law, use vehicle diagnostic
information for vehicle improvement or
with other information we may have about
you, for example, your contact information,
to offer you products or services that may
interest you. Data may be provided to our
service providers such as part suppliers
that may help diagnose malfunctions, and
who are similarly obligated to protect data.
We retain this data only as long as
necessary to perform these functions or to
comply with law. We may provide
information where required in response to
official requests to law enforcement or
other government authorities or third
parties acting with lawful authority or court
order, and such information may be used
in legal proceedings. For U.S. only (if
equipped), if you choose to use connected
apps and services, you consent that certain
diagnostic information may also be
accessed electronically by Ford Motor
Company and Ford authorized service
facilities, and that the diagnostic
information may be used to provide
services to you, personalizing your
experience, troubleshoot, and to improve
products and services and offer you
products and services that may interest

you, where permitted by law. For Canada
only, for more information, please review
the Ford of Canada privacy policy at
www.ford.ca, including our U.S. data
storage and use of service providers in
other jurisdictions who may be subject to
legal requirements in Canada, the United
States and other countries applicable to
them, for example, lawful requirements to
disclose personal information to
governmental authorities in those
countries.

EVENT DATA

This vehicle is equipped with an event data
recorder. The main purpose of an event
data recorder is to record, in certain crash
or near crash-like situations, such as an
airbag deployment or hitting a road
obstacle; this data will assist in
understanding how a vehicle’s systems
performed. The event data recorder is
designed to record data related to vehicle
dynamics and safety systems for a short
period of time, typically 30 seconds or less.

The event data recorder in this vehicle is
designed to record such data as:

How various systems in your vehicle
were operating.

Whether or not the driver and
passenger seatbelts were
buckled/fastened.

How far (if at all) the driver was
depressing the accelerator and/or the
brake pedal.

How fast the vehicle was traveling.

Where the driver was positioning the
steering wheel.

This data can help provide a better
understanding of the circumstances in
which crashes and injuries occur.

14

Data Privacy

Note:

Event data recorder data is recorded

by your vehicle only if a non-trivial crash
situation occurs; no data is recorded by the
event data recorder under normal driving
conditions and no personal data or
information (for example name, gender,
age, and crash location) is recorded.
However, parties, such as law enforcement,
could combine the event data recorder data
with the type of personally identifying data
routinely acquired during a crash
investigation.

To read data recorded by an event data
recorder, special equipment is required,
and access to the vehicle or the event data
recorder is needed. In addition to the
vehicle manufacturer, other parties, such
as law enforcement, that have such special
equipment, can read the information if they
have access to the vehicle or the event
data recorder.

SETTINGS DATA

Your vehicle has electronic control units
that have the ability to store data based
on your personalized settings. The data is
stored locally in the vehicle or on devices
that you connect to it, for example, a USB
drive or digital music player. You can delete
some of this data and also choose whether
to share it through the services to which
you subscribe.

Comfort and Convenience Data

Data recorded includes, for example:

Seat and steering wheel position.

Climate control settings.

Radio presets.

Entertainment Data

Data recorded includes, for example:

Music, videos or album art.

Contacts and corresponding address
book entries.

Navigation destinations.

CONNECTED VEHICLE DATA

The modem has a SIM. The
modem was enabled when your
vehicle was built and periodically

sends messages to stay connected to the
cell phone network, receive automatic
software updates and send vehicle-related
information to us, for example diagnostic
information. These messages could
include information that identifies your
vehicle, the SIM and the electronic serial
number of the modem. Cell phone network
service providers could have access to
additional information, for example cell
phone network tower identification. For
additional information about our privacy
policy, visit

www.FordConnected.com

or

refer to your local Ford website.

Note:

The modem continues to send this

information unless you disable the modem
or stop the modem from sharing vehicle
data by changing the modem setting
s. See

Connected Vehicle

(page 236).

Note:

The service can be unavailable or

interrupted for a number of reasons, for
example environmental or topographical
conditions and data plan coverage.

Note:

To find out if your vehicle has a

modem, visit

www.FordConnected.com

.

15

Data Privacy

MOBILE DEVICE DATA

If you connect a mobile device to your
vehicle, you can display data from your
device on the touchscreen for example,
music and album art. You can share your
vehicle data with mobile apps on your
device through the system.

The mobile apps function operates by your
connected device sending data to us in the
United States. The data is encrypted and
includes, for example, the vehicle
identification number of your vehicle, the
SYNC module serial number, odometer,
enabled apps, usage statistics and
debugging information. We retain it only
as long as necessary to provide the service,
to troubleshoot, for continuous
improvement and to offer you products
and services that may be of interest to you
according to your preferences and where
allowed by law.

If you connect a cell phone to the system,
the system creates a profile that links to
that cell phone. The cell phone profile
enables more mobile features and efficient
operation. The profile contains, for
example data from your phonebook, read
and unread text messages and call history,
including history of calls when your cell
phone was not connected to the system.

If you connect a media device, the system
creates and retains a media device index
of supported media content. The system
also records a short diagnostic log of
approximately 10 minutes of all recent
system activity.

The cell phone profile, media device index
and diagnostic log remain in your vehicle
unless you delete them and are generally
accessible only in your vehicle when you
connect your cell phone or media device.
If you no longer plan to use the system or
your vehicle, we recommend you use the
master reset function to erase the stored
information.

System data cannot be accessed without
special equipment and access to your
vehicle's module.

For additional information about our
privacy policy, refer to the local Ford
website.

Note:

To find out if your vehicle has

connectivity technology, visit

www.FordConnected.com

.

EMERGENCY CALL SYSTEM
DATA

When the emergency call system is active,
it may disclose to emergency services that
your vehicle has been in a crash involving
the deployment of an airbag or activation
of the fuel pump shut-off. Certain versions
or updates to the emergency call system
may also be capable of electronically or
verbally disclosing to emergency services
operators your vehicle location or other
details about your vehicle or crash to assist
emergency services operators to provide
the most appropriate emergency services.
If you do not want to disclose this
information, do not activate the emergency
call system.

Note:

You cannot deactivate emergency

call systems that are required by law.

16

Data Privacy

PROTECTING THE
ENVIRONMENT

Sustainability is a priority at Ford. We are
constantly looking for ways to reduce our
impact on the planet while providing
customers with great products and
delivering a strong business. You should
play your part in protecting the
environment. Correct vehicle usage and
the authorized disposal of waste, cleaning
and lubrication materials are significant
steps toward this aim.

For additional information about our
sustainability progress and initiatives, visit

www.sustainability.ford.com

.

17

Environment

INSTRUMENT PANEL

E307562

Direction indicators. See

Direction Indicators

(page 54). Wiper lever. See

Windshield Wipers

(page 51).

A

Information display control. See

Information Display Control

(page 50).

B

Instrument cluster. See

General Information

(page 65).

C

Audio control.

D

Gearshift lever. See

Automatic Transmission

(page 96).

E

Auxiliary switches. See

Auxiliary Switches

(page 243).

F

Audio unit. See

Audio Unit

(page 237).

G

Passenger airbag deactivation indicator. See

Driver and Passenger Airbags

(page 36).

H

Traction control switch. See

Using Traction Control

(page 103).

I

Hazard flasher switch. See

Hazard Flashers

(page 142).

J

Climate control. See

Manual Climate Control

(page 74).

K

Ignition. See

Ignition Switch

(page 82).

L

Horn.

M

Steering wheel adjustment. See

Adjusting the Steering Wheel

(page 49).

N

18

At a Glance

Cruise control. See

Cruise Control

(page 107).

O

Lighting control. See

Lighting Control

(page 52).

P

19

At a Glance

GENERAL INFORMATION

See the following sections for directions
on how to properly use safety restraints
for children.

WARNING:

Always make sure your

child is secured properly in a device that
is appropriate for their height, age and
weight. Child safety restraints must be
bought separately from your vehicle.
Failure to follow these instructions and
guidelines may result in an increased risk
of serious injury or death to your child.

WARNING:

All children are shaped

differently. The National Highway Traffic
Safety Administration and other safety
organizations, base their
recommendations for child restraints on
probable child height, age and weight
thresholds, or on the minimum
requirements of the law. We recommend
that you check with a NHTSA Certified
Child Passenger Safety Technician

(CPST) to make sure that you properly
install the child restraint in your vehicle
and that you consult your pediatrician to
make sure you have a child restraint
appropriate for your child. To locate a
child restraint fitting station and CPST,
contact NHTSA toll free at
1-888-327-4236 or go to
www.nhtsa.dot.gov. In Canada, contact
Transport Canada toll free at
1-800-333-0371 or go to www.tc.gc.ca
to find a Child Car Seat Clinic in your
area. Failure to properly restrain children
in child restraints made especially for
their height, age and weight, may result
in an increased risk of serious injury or
death to your child.

WARNING:

On hot days, the

temperature inside the vehicle can rise
very quickly. Exposure of people or
animals to these high temperatures for
even a short time can cause death or
serious heat related injuries, including
brain damage. Small children are
particularly at risk.

20

Child Safety

Recommendations for Safety Restraints for Children

Recommended Restraint

Type

Child Size, Height, Weight, or Age

Child

Use a child restraint

(sometimes called an

infant carrier, convertible

seat, or toddler seat).

Children weighing 40 lb (18 kg) or less

(generally age four or younger).

Infants or

toddlers

Use a belt-positioning

booster seat.

Children who have outgrown or no longer

properly fit in a child restraint (generally

children who are less than 57 in (1.45 m)

tall, are greater than age four and less

than age 12, and between 40 lb (18 kg)

and 80 lb (36 kg) and upward to 100 lb

(45 kg) if recommended by your child

restraint manufacturer).

Small children

Use a vehicle seatbelt

having the lap belt snug

and low across the hips,

shoulder belt centered

across the shoulder and

chest, and seat backrest

upright.

Children who have outgrown or no longer

properly fit in a belt-positioning booster

seat (generally children who are at least

57 in (1.45 m) tall or greater than 80 lb

(36 kg) or 100 lb (45 kg) if recommended

by child restraint manufacturer).

Larger children

You are required by law to properly use
child restraints for infants and toddlers
in the United States and Canada.

Many states and provinces require that
small children use approved booster
seats until they reach age eight, a
height of 57 in (1.45 m) tall, or 80 lb
(36 kg). Check your local and state or
provincial laws for specific
requirements about the safety of
children in your vehicle.

When possible, always properly
restrain children 12 years of age and
under in a rear seating position of your
vehicle. Accident statistics suggest that
children are safer when properly
restrained in the rear seating positions
than in a front seating position.

When installing a rear facing child
restraint, adjust the vehicle seats to
avoid interference between the child
restraint and the vehicle seat in front
of the child restraint.

21

Child Safety

INSTALLING CHILD
RESTRAINTS

Child Seats

E142594

Use a child restraint (sometimes called an
infant carrier, convertible seat, or toddler
seat) for infants, toddlers, or children
weighing 40 lb (18 kg) or less (generally
age four or younger).

Using Lap and Shoulder Belts

WARNING:

Do not place a

rearward facing child restraint in front of
an active airbag. Failure to follow this
instruction could result in personal injury
or death.

WARNING:

Properly secure

children 12 years old and under in a rear
seating position whenever possible. If
you are unable to properly secure all
children in a rear seating position,
properly secure the largest child on the
front seat. If you must use a forward
facing child restraint on the front seat,
move the seat as far back as possible.
Failure to follow these instructions could
result in personal injury or death.

WARNING:

Depending on where

you secure a child restraint, and
depending on the child restraint design,
you may block access to certain seatbelt
buckle assemblies and LATCH lower
anchors, rendering those features
potentially unusable. To avoid risk of
injury, make sure occupants only use
seating positions where they are able to
be properly restrained.

When installing a child restraint with
combination lap and shoulder belts:

Use the correct seatbelt buckle for that
seating position.

Insert the belt tongue into the proper
buckle until you hear a snap and feel it
latch. Make sure the tongue is securely
fastened in the buckle.

Keep the buckle release button
pointing up and away from the child
restraint, with the tongue between the
child restraint and the release button,
to prevent accidental unbuckling.

Place the vehicle seat in the upright
position before you install the child
restraint.

Put the seatbelt in the automatic
locking mode. See Step 5. This vehicle
does not require the use of a locking
clip.

Perform the following steps when
installing the child restraint with
combination lap and shoulder belts:

Note:

Although the child restraint

illustrated is a forward facing child restraint,
the steps are the same for installing a rear
facing child restraint.

22

Child Safety

Была ли эта страница вам полезна?
Да!Нет
4 посетителя считают эту страницу полезной.
Большое спасибо!
Ваше мнение очень важно для нас.

Нет комментариевНе стесняйтесь поделиться с нами вашим ценным мнением.

Текст

Политика конфиденциальности