Ford Fiesta (2011 year). Manual — part 167

Paint damage caused by tree resin or sap

Small yellow-brown marks or drops on the
horizontal parts of the vehicle. The drops melt in
sunlight. Resin damage only occurs in the warm
summer months.

Cause/damage pattern:

• Because of their chemical composition, tree

resins combine with or adhere very well to paint
top coats and cause them to swell. The higher
the temperature, the more intensive is the
chemical bonding between the resin and the
paint topcoat surface.

Repair of damage:

• Soak several times using a cloth saturated with

a petrol & paraffin mixture.

NOTE: After successful cleaning the top coat must
be preserved.

• Swellings can be removed by warming.

Paint damage from aphid secretions

Small, round, matt marks about 1 mm diameter
and etching with small islands down to the filler.
Fresh aphid excrement looks like small drops of
honey.

Cause/damage pattern:

• Aphids produce a mixture of starch, leaf acid

and sugar from sap in leaves. Under the effects
of warming and moisture this can turn into
alcohol.

• The round shape of the damage and the island

of intact paint are typical.

Repair of damage:

• Remove the excrement as soon as possible.

• Small single matt locations without etching can

be repaired using a polishing repair.

Paint damage caused by tar spots

Yellow or dark marks.

Cause/damage pattern:

• Firmly stuck spots of tar which lead to

discoloration of the surface. In some cases
penetration through the clear lacquer into the
top coat.

Repair of damage:

• Clean the paint surface with tar remover and

polish.

Paint damage caused by cement, plaster
and slaked lime

Damage appears as whitish matt marks on the top
coat.

Cause/damage pattern:

• Corrosive alkaline compounds interacting with

moisture.

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Repair of damage:

• Wash immediately if the contamination is fresh.

• If the contamination has dried on, dissolve and

neutralise it with vinegar, then thoroughly wash
off with water and rinse.

• Rectify mild damage using a polishing repair.

Rust film/deposits from industrial fallout

Small round marks, about 1 mm in size, in all
shades from black, grey, blue to reddish, on the
horizontal surfaces of the vehicle.

Cause/damage pattern:

• Deposits from oil fired systems and industrial

plant, especially at high humidities and inversion
weather conditions, cause damage to the paint
top coat.

• As the activity time increases so called rust

halos form. They spread as long as the deposits
corrode.

• Industrial fallout containing iron will no longer

be removable after a few days!

Repair of damage:

• Remove the dust using an industrial fallout

remover and thoroughly wash.

• Polish the paint surface.

NOTE: Never try to remove the particles of
industrial fallout by polishing or rubbing!

• Use cleaning dough.

Damage caused by battery acid.

Splashes of battery acid caused by carelessly
topping up the battery.

WARNING: Batteries contain sulphuric
acid. When working near the battery, or
where there is battery acid on the vehicle
body, protect the skin and eyes from
contact with the acid. If battery acid
contacts the skin or enters the eyes, flush
the affected area immediately with water
(flush for at least 15 minutes) and call a
doctor without delay. If acid is swallowed,
call a doctor immediately. Failure to follow
these instructions may result in personal
injury.

NOTE: High temperatures accelerate the attack
on the top coat. At 50°C the top coat layer breaks
down after about 15 minutes!

Cause/damage pattern:

• Etching of the paint layer to decomposition of

the paint finish.

Repair of damage:

• Flush the acid splashes with plenty of water and

neutralize with car washing liquid.

• If the contact time of the acid was short, perform

a polishing repair.

Paint damage caused by brake fluid.

Careless handling of brake fluid. The glycols
contained in the fluid cause swellings.

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Cause/damage pattern:

• The temperature and contact time are critical.

Splashes lead to loss of shine and lightening of
color.

Repair of damage:

• Flush immediately with plenty of water.

• The swellings can often be made to recede

completely by treatment with the radiant heater
or in the paint drying oven at max. 60°C for
about 1 hour.

Mechanical damage

Stone impact damage or mechanical
damage

Mechanical damage caused by impact of stones
or other hard objects and extending down to the
metal panel lead very quickly to corrosion and
rusting under the paint on the adjoining surface.

Cause/damage pattern:

• Paint damage caused from the outside, down

to filler, primer or metal panel.

Repair of damage:

• Sand or blast out.

• Use anti-corrosion primer.

• Apply top coat.

Damage due to corrosion

Blistering/rusting below

Air or water filled blister-shaped raised areas in the
paint film.

Cause/damage pattern:

• Overpainting corroded steel panel.

• Condensation in the spray air.

• Sanding water not dried out or salt crystal

residues.

• Road chippings and road winter grit containing

salt.

Repair of damage:

• Sand the affected area of damage or the body

component and re-create the paint finish.

• More severe and larger areas of rusting below

must be repaired using the corresponding repair
painting, Repair Level III or IV.

Damage caused by faults in treatment

• Craters

• Paint boils

• Adhesion defects

• Adhesion defects - clear lacquer

• Sanding scores

• Formation of stripes

• Peeling/blistering on plastic parts

• Blistering on polyester material

• Peroxide marks in metallic paints

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• Crack formation

• Shrinking back/zone edge marks

• Blistering

• Etching

• Paint wrinkles/puckering

• Cloud formation

• Spots/metallics

• Metamerism/color deviations

• Washing out

• Loss of gloss

• Covering ability/areas of thin paint

• Flow problems/orange peel

• Dirt embedded in metallic base paint

• Dirt embedded in top coat

• Water marks

• Paint runs

• Swirl marks

Craters

Crater-like single or extensively occurring
depressions with raised edges, in top coat or the
intermediate layers.

Cause/damage pattern:

• Substrate not adequately cleaned with silicone

remover.

• Spray air contaminated by oil residues and

water accumulations.

• Filter ceiling not adequate for requirements.

• Use of polishes, cleaning agents or sprays (e.g.

interior sprays) containing silicone.

• Oil, wax, grease, silicone containing residues.

• Working clothes contaminated by materials

containing silicone.

Repair of damage:

• Sand paint surface, clean with silicone remover

and apply one thin spray pass. Let it begin to
dry well, then apply several thin and dry sprayed
passes.

Paint boils

Small, hard, closed or burst blisters in the paint top
coat. They appear locally in groups or spread
individually across the whole surface. Sanding
opens up a larger cavity, under which the primer
can often be seen.

Cause/damage pattern:

• Paint applied in layers which were too thick.

• Specified flash-off and drying times between

coats were not adhered to.

• Specified working viscosity and spray pressure

were not adhered to.

• Use of unsuitable hardener and thinner

materials. (Solvent combinations in paint system
not optimally matched).

• Poor booth conditions.

Repair of damage:

• Single boil blisters can be removed using

polishing.

• After thorough drying, sand the top coat at the

affected areas, clean with silicone remover and
re-paint. Fill any fine pores still present with
2-component acrylic filler.

• On larger areas of damaged topcoat, sand

completely away and apply new paint finish.

Adhesion defects

Whole coating detached from substrate or
individual layers one from another. Sometimes

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