Ford E-250 (2009 year). Manual — part 46

GCWR (Gross Combined Weight Rating)/Trailer Weights

Engine

Rear

axle

ratio

Maximum

GCWR - lb.

(kg)

Maximum

Loaded

Trailer Weight

- lb. (kg)

Maximum

frontal area of

trailer - ft

2

(m

2

)

E-450 Stripped Chassis (158” wheelbase, dual rear wheel)

(14050 GVWR)

5.4L

4.56

14050

(6373)

9200 (4173)

60 (5.52)

E-450 Stripped Chassis (176” wheelbase, dual rear wheel)

(14050 GVWR)

5.4L

4.56

14050

(6372)

9100 (4128)

60 (5.52)

E-450 Stripped Chassis (158” wheelbase, dual rear wheel)

(14500 GVWR)

6.8L

4.56

20000

(9072)

10000 (4536)

60 (5.52)

E-450 Stripped Chassis (176” wheelbase, dual rear wheel)

(14500 GVWR)

6.8L

4.56

20000

(9072)

10000 (4536)

60 (5.52)

Maximum trailer weight for all cutaway (E-350 and E-450) vehicles
must be calculated by subtracting the weight of the vehicle (including
incomplete vehicle weight and payload which includes second unit
body weight, cargo and passengers) from the GCW. Otherwise,
maximum trailer weight is 10,000 lb. (4,536 kg).

For high altitude operation reduce GCWR by 2% per 1,000 ft.
(300 meters) elevation.
To determine the maximum trailer weight designed for your particular
vehicle as equipped, follow the section Vehicle loading earlier in this
chapter.

Your vehicle’s load capacity is designated by weight, not by volume, so
you cannot necessarily use all available space when loading a vehicle.

Distribute the load so that only 10–15% of the total is on the tongue. Tie
down the load so that it does not shift and change the weight on the
hitch.

Tires, Wheels and Loading

185

Towing a trailer places an additional load on your vehicle’s engine,
transmission, axle, brakes, tires and suspension. Inspect these
components carefully after any towing operation.

Do not exceed trailer weight of 5,000 lb (2,268 kg) when towing with
bumper only.

WARNING: Do not exceed the GVWR or the GAWR specified on
the certification label.

WARNING: Towing trailers beyond the maximum recommended
gross trailer weight exceeds the limit of the vehicle and could

result in engine damage, transmission damage, structural damage, loss
of vehicle control, vehicle rollover and personal injury.

Preparing to tow

Use the proper equipment for towing a trailer and make sure it is
properly attached to your vehicle. Contact your authorized dealer or a
reliable trailer dealer as soon as possible if you require assistance.

Hitches

Do not use or install hitches that clamp onto the bumper or to the axle.
Underbody hitches are acceptable if installed properly.

Safety chains

Always connect the trailer’s safety chains to the frame or hook retainers
of the vehicle hitch. To connect the trailer’s safety chains, cross the
chains under the trailer tongue and allow slack for turning corners.

If you use a rental trailer, follow the instructions that the rental agency
gives to you.

Do not attach safety chains to the bumper.

Trailer brakes

Electric brakes and manual, automatic or surge-type trailer brakes are
safe if installed properly and adjusted to the manufacturer’s
specifications. The trailer brakes must meet local and Federal
regulations.

Tires, Wheels and Loading

186

WARNING: Do not connect a trailer’s hydraulic brake system
directly to your vehicle’s brake system. Your vehicle may not

have enough braking power and your chances of having a collision
greatly increase.

The braking system of the tow vehicle is rated for operation at the
GVWR not GCWR.

Integrated trailer brake controller (if equipped)

Your vehicle may be equipped with a fully integrated electronic Trailer
Brake Controller (TBC). When used properly, the TBC helps ensure
smooth and effective trailer braking by powering the trailer’s electric
brakes with a proportional output based on the towing vehicle’s brake
pressure.

WARNING: The Ford TBC has only been verified to be
compatible with trailers having electric-actuated drum brakes

(one to four axles) and not hydraulic surge or electric-over-hydraulic
types. It is the responsibility of the customer to ensure that the trailer
brakes are adjusted appropriately, functioning normally and all electric
connections are properly made.

The TBC user interface consists of
the following:

1. +/- (GAIN adjustment
buttons): Pressing these buttons
will adjust the TBC’s power output
to the trailer brakes (in
0.5 increments). The GAIN setting
can be increased to a maximum of
10.0 or decreased to a minimum of 0 (no trailer braking). Pressing and
holding a button will raise or lower the setting continuously. The gain
setting will display in the message center as follows: TBC GAIN = XX.X.

The trailer brake controller (TBC) is designed to display three items of
information in the instrument cluster message center. These are: gain
setting, output bar graph, and trailer connectivity status. They will
appear as follows in the message center.
• TBC GAIN = XX.X NO TRAILER: The instrument cluster message

center will display the current gain setting during a given ignition
cycle and when adjusting the gain. This message is also displayed

Tires, Wheels and Loading

187

during manual activation without a trailer connected or when gain
adjustments are made with no trailer connected.

• TBC GAIN = XX.X OUTPUT = //////: When the vehicle’s brake pedal

is pushed, or when the manual control is activated, bar indicators will
illuminate in the instrument cluster message center to indicate the
amount of power going to the trailer brakes relative to the brake pedal
or manual control input. One bar indicates the least amount of output
with six bars indicating maximum output.

• TRAILER CONNECTED: This message is displayed when a correct

trailer wiring connection (a trailer with electric trailer brakes) has
been sensed during a given ignition cycle.

• TRAILER DISCONNECTED: This message is displayed and

accompanied by a single chime, when a trailer connection was
determined and then a disconnection, either intentionally or
unintentionally, has been sensed during a given ignition cycle. It is also
displayed if a truck or trailer wiring fault occurs causing the trailer to
appear disconnected. This message is also displayed during manual
activation without a trailer connected.

2. Manual control lever: Slide the control lever to the left to activate
power to the trailer’s electric brakes independent of the tow vehicle’s
brakes (see the following Procedure for adjusting GAIN section for
instructions on proper use of this feature). If the manual control is
activated while the brake is also applied, the greater of the two inputs
determines the power sent to the trailer brakes.
• Stop Lamps: Activating the TBC manual control lever will illuminate

both the trailer brake lamps and the tow vehicle brake lamps except
the Center High-Mount Stop Lamp (presuming proper trailer electrical
connection). Pressing the vehicle brake pedal will also illuminate both
trailer and vehicle brake lamps.

Procedure for adjusting GAIN:

The GAIN setting is used to set the TBC for the specific towing
condition and should be changed as towing conditions change. Changes
to towing conditions include trailer load, vehicle load, road conditions
and weather.

The GAIN should be set to provide the maximum trailer braking
assistance while ensuring the trailer wheels do not lock when braking.
Locked trailer wheels may lead to trailer instability.

Note: This should only be performed in a traffic free environment at
speeds of approximately 20–25 mph (30–40 km/h).

Tires, Wheels and Loading

188