Frelander 2. Manual — part 136
Item
Part Number
Description
1
-
Fluid return (from steering gear)
2
-
Reservoir
3
-
Fluid return (from fluid cooler)
4
-
Suction hose (to power steering pump)
5
-
Fluid cooler
The fluid cooler is located in the return line from the steering gear to the reservoir. The cooler comprises flexible hoses
which connect between the reservoir and the return pipe from the steering gear. The cooler is an integral part of the hoses
and cannot be replaced as a separate component.
The cooler is a fabricated aluminum tube, through which the power steering fluid passes and is located in front of the
engine cooling radiator and the Air Conditioning (A/C) condenser. The outer diameter of the cooler tube has aluminum
loops attached to it which dissipate heat. Cool air entering the front of the vehicle passes over the cooler and flows
through the loops. The loops act as heat exchangers, conducting heat from the fluid as it passes through the tube.
PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION
Fixed Displacement Pump Schematic - Typical
Item
Part Number
Description
1
-
Reservoir
2
-
Fluid cooler
3
-
Valve unit
4
-
Steering rack and pinion
5
-
Flow control/pressure relief - return
6
-
Flow control/pressure relief valve
7
-
Output port
8
-
Power steering pump
9
-
Low pressure suction line
When the engine is started the power steering pump draws fluid from the reservoir into the low pressure suction line. The
fluid passes through the pump and emerges as pressurized fluid at the outlet port. The high pressure hose passes the
pressurized fluid to the steering gear valve unit.
If no steering effort is applied, there is minimal restriction within the system and the supply pressure from the pump is
low. Minimal pressure is applied, via the valve unit, to each side of the piston in the hydraulic cylinder and the full flow
from the power steering pump returns to the reservoir via the fluid cooler.
When steering effort is applied in either direction, the return flow of fluid to the reservoir is restricted by the valve unit,
causing the supply pressure from the pump to increase. The pressurized fluid is directed by the valve unit to the applicable
side of the piston in the hydraulic cylinder, providing the power assistance required to reduce the steering effort. Fluid
displaced from the low pressure side of the cylinder is returned via the valve unit and fluid cooler to the reservoir. The fluid
cooler reduces the fluid temperature improving fluid performance and also prolongs the life of hoses and seals in the
system.
Power Steering - Power Steering
Diagnosis and Testing
For additional information.
REFER to:
Steering System
(211-00 Steering System - General Information, Diagnosis and Testing).
Power Steering - Power Steering Pressure TestTD4 2.2L Diesel
General Procedures
Special Tool(s)
211-011-01
Valve Block, Power Steering Pressure Test
211-011-02
Hose, Power Steering Pressure Test
211-011-12
Adapter, Power Steering Pressure Test
211-287
Hose and Gauge, Power Steering Pressure Test
Disconnect the battery ground cable.
Refer to:
Specifications
(414-00 Battery and Charging System -
General Information, Specifications).
1.
Remove the engine cover.
Refer to:
Engine Cover - TD4 2.2L Diesel
(501-05 Interior Trim and
Ornamentation, Removal and Installation).
2.
3.
WARNING: Make sure to support the vehicle with axle
stands.
Raise and support the vehicle.
3.
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