Defender. Manual — part 28
Rear Drive Axle/Differential - Rear Drive Axle and Differential
Diagnosis and Testing
Complaint - Oil leaks
An external leak of lubrication from the hub seals can be caused by a faulty internal seal. For example, if the seals which
separate the differential from the hubs are faulty and the vehicle is operating or parked on an embankment, oil from the
differential may flood one hub resulting in a lack of lubrication in the differential.
When a seal is found to be leaking check the axle ventilation system, as a blockage can cause internal pressure to force
oil past the seals.
Illustrations of oil seal locations are given in Description and Operation.
REFER to:
Rear Drive Axle and Differential
(205-02 Rear Drive Axle/Differential, Description and Operation).
When investigating hub seal leaks check the grease for dilution with oil. Also check the differential oil level, for signs of
metal particles in the oil and the condition of internal seals.
If the vehicle is driven in deep water with defective oil seals, water may contaminate the lubricants and raise the
differential oil level, giving a false impression that the housing has been over filled. Do not assume that a high oil level
in the differential is due to over filling or, that a low level is because of an external leak.
Rear Drive Axle/Differential - Axle Assembly
Removal and Installation
Removal
WARNING: Remove and refit of axle requires a further two persons to steady the axle when lowering or
repositioning axle.
1. Drain brake system.
2. Support chassis rear.
3. Remove road wheels.
4. Support axle weight with hydraulic jack.
5. Disconnect shock absorbers.
6. Disconnect flexible brake hose at RH chassis side member
and breather hose at banjo connection on axle casing.
7. Disconnect lower links at axle.
8. Mark differential and propeller shaft flanges with
identification marks for assembly.
9. Remove 4 nuts and bolts, lower propeller shaft and tie to one
side.
10. Disconnect pivot bracket ball joint at axle bracket.
11. Release bolts and remove coil spring retaining plates.
12. Lower axle and remove road springs.
13. If applicable, remove stabilizer bar links at axle.
For additional information, refer to:
Rear Stabilizer Bar
(204-
02 Rear Suspension, Removal and Installation).
14. Remove axle assembly.
Installation
1. Position axle and fit lower links. Tighten fixings to 176 Nm
(130 lbf/ft).
2. If applicable, fit stabilizer bar links to axle.
For additional information, refer to:
Rear Stabilizer Bar
(204-
02 Rear Suspension, Removal and Installation).
3. Raise axle and locate road springs.
4. Fit coil spring retaining plates and secure with fixing bolts.
5. Secure pivot bracket ball joint to axle bracket. Tighten fixing
to 176 Nm (130 lbf/ft).
6. Align propeller shaft to differential drive flange and tighten
fixings to 47 Nm (35 lbf/ft).
7. Reconnect flexible brake hose and axle breather hose.
8. Refit shock absorbers.
9. Fit road wheels and tighten to correct torque: Alloy wheels -
130 Nm (96 lbf/ft) Steel wheels - 100 Nm (80 lbf/ft) Heavy
Duty wheels - 170 Nm (125 lbf/ft)
10. Remove rear chassis support.
11. Bleed brake system.
For additional information, refer to:
Brake System Bleeding
(206-00 Brake System - General Information, General
Procedures).
Front Drive Axle/Differential -
Front axle
Type
Spiral bevel, enclosed constant velocity joints, fully floating shafts
Ratio
3.54:1
Angularity of universal joint on full lock
32°
Sealers
Front axle and final drive
Land Rover Part No.
Hub retaining bolts
STC 50552
Swivel bearing housing to axle casing bolts
STC 50552
Stub axle bolts
STC 50552
Swivel pin housing grease
STC 3435*
*Swivel pin grease used on later vehicles with filler plug only in swivel pin housing
Lubricants
Item
Specification / Land Rover part number
Final drive
Molytex EP90
Swivel pin
Molytex EP90 OR 80
Do not use any lubricant other than that specified
Capacities
Item
Capacity
Front differential
1.70 litres (3.00 pints) (1.80 US quarts)
Swivel pin housing oil/grease (each)
0.35 litres (0.60 pints) (0.37 US quarts)
Torque Specifications
Description
Nm
lb-ft
Hub driving member to hub
65*
48
Brake disc to hub
73
53
Stub axle to swivel pin housing
65*
48
Brake caliper to swivel pin housing
82
61
Upper swivel pin to swivel pin housing
65*
48
Lower swivel pin to swivel pin housing
25*
18
Oil seal retainer to swivel pin housing
11
8
Swivel bearing housing to axle case
73*
53
Pinion housing to axle case
41
30
Crown wheel to differential housing
58
43
Differential bearing cap to pinion housing
90
65
Differential drive flange to drive shaft
47
34
Mudshield to bracket lower swivel pin
11
8
Bevel pinion nut
130
Draglink to hub arm
40
30
Panhard rod to axle bracket
88
65
Radius arm to axle
190
140
Radius arm to chassis side member
190
140
* Apply sealant, Part No. STC 50552 To bolt threads
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