Jeep XJ. Manual — part 9
NOTE: Make sure the toe setting does not change
during clamp tightening.
(4) Adjust the right wheel toe position with the tie
rod. Turn the sleeve until the right wheel is at cor-
rect TOE-IN specifications. Position the clamp bolts
to their original position and tighten to 27 N·m (20
ft. lbs.).
NOTE: Make sure the toe setting does not change
during clamp tightening.
(5) Verify the right toe setting and turn off engine.
(6) Road test the vehicle on a flat level road to ver-
ify the steering wheel is centered.
NOTE: Once the toe setting is correct, the steering
wheel can be re-centered by adjusting only the drag
link.
SPECIFICATIONS
ALIGNMENT
NOTE: All alignment specifications are in degrees.
ANGLE
PREFERRED
RANGE
MAX RT/LT DIFFERENCE
CASTER
+ 7.0°
+ 5.25° to + 8.5°
1.25°
CAMBER
(fixed angle)
− 0.25°
− 0.75° to + 0.5°
1.0°
TOTAL TOE-IN
+ 0.25°
0° to + 0.45°
.05°
THRUST ANGLE 0°
6
0.15°
Fig. 5 Steering Linkage (RHD)
1 – PITMAN ARM
2 – DRAG LINK
3 – STEERING DAMPNER
4 – TIE ROD
5 – ADJUSTMENT SLEEVE
2 - 6
SUSPENSION
XJ
SERVICE PROCEDURES (Continued)
FRONT SUSPENSION
TABLE OF CONTENTS
page
page
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
SUSPENSION COMPONENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
SHOCK ABSORBERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
JOUNCE BUMPER. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
COIL SPRINGS AND ISOLATORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
LOWER SUSPENSION ARMS AND BUSHINGS . . . 8
UPPER SUSPENSION ARMS AND BUSHINGS . . . 8
STABILIZER BAR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
TRACK BAR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
HUB/BEARING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
SHOCK DIAGNOSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION
SHOCK ABSORBER. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
COIL SPRING/JOUNCE BUMPER . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
STEERING KNUCKLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
LOWER SUSPENSION ARM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
UPPER SUSPENSION ARM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
FRONT AXLE BUSHING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
STABILIZER BAR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
TRACK BAR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
HUB BEARING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
WHEEL MOUNTING STUDS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
SPECIFICATIONS
TORQUE CHART . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
SPECIAL TOOLS
FRONT SUSPENSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
SUSPENSION COMPONENTS
The front suspension is a link/coil design (Fig. 1).
This suspension is use on Left Hand Drive (LHD)
and Right Hand Drive (RHD) vehicles. The suspen-
sion is comprised of:
• Drive axle (4WD), tube axle (2WD)
• Dual-action shock absorbers
• Coil springs
• Upper and lower suspension arms
• Stabilizer bar
• Track bar
• Jounce bumpers
CAUTION: Components attached with a nut and
cotter pin must be torqued to specification. Then if
the slot in the nut does not line up with the cotter
pin hole, tighten nut until it is aligned. Never loosen
the nut to align the cotter pin hole.
CAUTION: Suspension components with rubber/
urethane bushings (except stabilizer bar) should be
tightened with the vehicle at normal ride height. It is
important to have the springs supporting the weight
of the vehicle when the fasteners are torqued. If
springs are not at their normal ride position, vehicle
ride comfort could be affected and premature bush-
ing wear may occur.
NOTE: Periodic lubrication of the front suspension/
steering system components may be required. Rub-
ber bushings must never be lubricated. Refer to
Group 0, Lubrication And Maintenance for the rec-
ommended maintenance schedule.
SHOCK ABSORBERS
DESCRIPTION
The top of the shock absorbers are bolted to a
frame bracket. The bottom of the shocks are bolted to
the axle brackets.
OPERATION
The shock absorbers dampen jounce and rebound
motion of the vehicle over various road conditions
and limit suspension rebound travel.
JOUNCE BUMPER
DESCRIPTION
The jounce bumpers are mounted under the frame
rail inside of the coil spring.
OPERATION
The jounce bumpers are used to limit suspension
travel in compression.
XJ
SUSPENSION
2 - 7
COIL SPRINGS AND ISOLATORS
DESCRIPTION
The coil springs mount up in the wheelhouse which
is part of the unitized body bracket. A rubber dough-
nut isolator is located between the top of the spring
and the bracket. The bottom of the spring seats on a
axle pad and retained with a clip.
OPERATION
The coil springs control ride quality and maintain
proper ride height. The isolators provide road noise
isolation.
LOWER SUSPENSION ARMS AND BUSHINGS
DESCRIPTION
The lower suspension arms are steel and use bush-
ings at one end of the arm. The arms mount to the
frame rail bracket and the axle brackets.
OPERATION
The arm and bushings provide location and react
to loads from the axle. The bushings provide isolation
from the axle. The lower suspension arms can be
used to adjust caster and pinion angle, through the
use of shims at the frame rail bracket.
UPPER SUSPENSION ARMS AND BUSHINGS
DESCRIPTION
The upper suspension arms are steel and use rub-
ber bushings at each end of the arm. The arms
mount to the frame rail bracket and the axle brack-
ets.
OPERATION
The arm and bushings provide location and react
to loads from the axle. The bushings provide isolation
from the axle.
Fig. 1 Suspension Components (LHD)
1 – LINKS
2 – SHOCK ABSORBER
3 – UPPER SUSPENSION ARM
4 – STABILIZER BAR
5 – COIL SPRING
6 – JOUNCE BUMPER
7 – LOWER SUSPENSION ARM
8 – TRACK BAR
9 – AXLE
2 - 8
SUSPENSION
XJ
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION (Continued)
STABILIZER BAR
DESCRIPTION
The spring steel bar extends across the underside
of the chassis frame rails. Links are connected from
the bar to the axle brackets. The stabilizer bar and
links are isolated by rubber bushings.
OPERATION
The stabilizer bar is used to control vehicle body
roll during turns. The bar helps to control the vehicle
body in relationship to the suspension.
TRACK BAR
DESCRIPTION
The bar is attached to a frame rail bracket with a
ball stud and an axle bracket with a bushing. The
bar is forged and has non replaceable isolator bush-
ing and ball stud.
OPERATION
The track bar is used to control front axle lateral
movement and provides cross car location of the axle
assembly.
HUB/BEARING
DESCRIPTION
The bearing used on the front hub of this vehicle is
the combined hub and bearing unit type assembly.
This unit assembly combines the front wheel mount-
ing hub (flange) and the front wheel bearing into a
one piece unit. The wheel mounting studs are the
only
replaceable
component
of
the
hub/bearing
assembly.
OPERATION
The hub/bearing assembly is mounted to the steer-
ing knuckle and is retained by three mounting bolts
accessible from the back of the steering knuckle. The
hub/bearing unit is not serviceable and must be
replaced as an assembly if the bearing or the hub is
determined to be defective.
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
SHOCK DIAGNOSIS
A knocking or rattling noise from a shock absorber
may be caused by movement between mounting
bushings and metal brackets or attaching compo-
nents. These noises can usually be stopped by tight-
ening the attaching nuts. If the noise persists,
inspect for damaged and worn bushings, and attach-
ing components. Repair as necessary if any of these
conditions exist.
A squeaking noise from the shock absorber may be
caused by the hydraulic valving and may be intermit-
tent. This condition is not repairable and the shock
absorber must be replaced.
The shock absorbers are not refillable or adjust-
able. If a malfunction occurs, the shock absorber
must be replaced. To test a shock absorber, hold it in
an upright position and force the piston in and out of
the cylinder four or five times. The action throughout
each stroke should be smooth and even.
The shock absorber bushings do not require any
type of lubrication. Do not attempt to stop bushing
noise by lubricating them. Grease and mineral oil-
base lubricants will deteriorate the bushing.
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION
SHOCK ABSORBER
REMOVAL
(1) Remove the nut, retainer and grommet from
the upper stud in the engine compartment (Fig. 2).
(2) Remove the lower nuts and bolts from the axle
bracket.
(3) Remove the shock absorber.
INSTALLATION
(1) Position the lower retainer and grommet on the
shock stud. Insert the shock absorber through the
shock tower hole.
(2) Install the lower bolts and nuts. Tighten nuts
to 23 N·m (17 ft. lbs.).
(3) Install the upper grommet and retainer on the
stud. Install the nut and tighten to 22 N·m (16 ft.
lbs.).
COIL SPRING/JOUNCE BUMPER
REMOVAL
(1) Raise and support the vehicle. Position a
hydraulic jack under the axle to support it.
(2) Remove the wheel and tire assemblies.
(3) Mark and disconnect the front propeller shaft
from the axle.
(4) Remove lower suspension arms mounting nuts
and bolts from the axle (Fig. 2).
(5) Remove the stabilizer bar link and shock
absorber from the axle.
(6) Remove the track bar from the body rail
bracket.
(7) Remove the drag link from the pitman arm.
XJ
SUSPENSION
2 - 9
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION (Continued)
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