Geely Emgrand X7. Manual part — 353

The upper support of the
shock absorber and piston rod
nut

M12×1.25

60-80 44-59

Mounting support mounting
bolt of front stabilizer rod

M12×1.25×30

79-95 58-70

Connecting bolt between
front suspension
reinforcement plate and body

M12×1.5×30 85-101

63-75

Front axle hub nut (drive
shaft)

M22×1.5 216

160

The locking
nut hits
concavely to
fix.

4.2.1.2 General specifications

No load

No load

Wheel runout

Front Rear Front Rear

Upstroke mm/in 93.4/3.6 116.8/4.6

80.8/3.1 94.5/16.1

Upstroke mm/in

67.5/2.7 73.7/3

80/3.1

96/3.7

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4.2.2 Description and operation

4.2.2.1 Description and operation

The front suspension system of the vehicle plays the role in furthest increasing the tire and the road surface to
provide good steering operation and stability as well as ensure the passenger comfort. It can absorb the energy of
the vertical acceleration speed, so that the wheels are bumped up and down along with the road surface but the
frame and body are not interfered. The front suspension for this vehicle is an independent strut suspension, which
consists of the following components: spring, shock absorber and stabilizer bar.

4.2.3 System operation principle

4.2.3.1 Suspension system term

1. Spring

weight:

•

Spring loading weight refers to vehicle weight borned by spring.

•

Spring loading weight should be more than unsprung loading weight to obtain normal opeartion
performance.

Examples of sprung weight:

a.

Body and frame

b. Load

or

cargos

c. Fuel

tank

Sprung part includes:

a.

Frame (including the subframe)

b.

Body (including the unit body)

c.

Power system (engine, transmission and transmission drive axle)

d. Steering

gear

2. Unsprung

weight:

•

Unsprung loading weight refers to vehicle weight which is not borne by spring.

•

The smaller the unsprung loading weight is, the better it is, to ensure normal opeartion and traveling
smoothness.

Examples of nonsprung weight:

a. Wheel

and

tire

b.

Wheel bearing and hub

c.

Axle and knuckle

d.

Braking components (installed on the wheel)

Unsprung part includes:

a.

Wheel/tire, ball joint, bearing, control arm, I-beam, cross member axle and one-piece drive axle.

b.

Stabilizer bar and control rod components.

c.

Core shaft, knuckle, brake, etc.

d.

The suspension response will be good if the unsprung loaded weight is small.

3.

Parts between spring-load weight and unsprung load weight:

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The steering rod, the drive shaft, the stabilizer and the other parts are located between the sprung part and the
unsprung part.

4.2.3.2 Operation principle of suspension system component

1. Spring:

The rigidity of the spring will affect on the response of the sprung mass when the vehicle is running; the vehicle
with rigidity too low of the spring can thoroughly eliminate bump and provide extremely stable running feeling;
however, at the same time, it is easy to dive and crouch in the course of brake and acceleration; and it is easy to
skew and turn over during turning a corner. The vehicle with rigidity too large of the spring has worse stability on
the bump road surface; however, the body moves little, which means that the vehicle can also be driven in a
quicker mode even though turning a corner. Therefore, although the spring itself seems simply, the spring can not
individually provide an extremely smooth driving feel when designing and realizing these devices on the vehicle
with a balance between the passenger comfort and handling characteristics of the vehicle. The performance of the
spring on the aspect of absorbing energy is excellent; however, its capability of dissipating is worse. Therefore,
the suspension system needs to use a part called as the shock absorber. If not using a damping structure, the spring
will be bounced off at the uncontrollable speed, release the bump energy absorbed, continually upspring based on
its frequency until exhaust all energy applied thereon initially. The suspension established on the spring drives the
vehicle in the jumping mode according to terrain and is not controlled.

2. Shock

absorber:

7

1

5

6

3

4

2

NL04-1001b

1.

Piston pushing rod

2. Inner

cylinder

3. Outer

cylinder

4. Hydraulic

cylinder.

5. Piston

and

valves

6. Liquid-storing

space

7.

Internal cylinder bottom valve

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It controls the unexpected spring motion through a process of damping called.The shock absorber slows down and
reduces the motion of vibratility through converting the kinetic energy of suspension motion into heat energy
dissipated by hydraulic oil. The upper support of the shock absorber is connected with the frame (i.e., sprung
weight); and the lower support thereof is connected with the shaft close to the wheel (i.e., unsprung weight). In
double-cylinder design, one of the most common types of shock absorber is that the upper support is connected
with the piston rod, the piston rod is connected with the piston, and the piston is located in a cylinder filled with
hydraulic oil. The inner cylinder is called as a pressure cylinder and the outer cylinder is called as the oil storage
cylinder. The oil storage drum stores excessive hydraulic oil. When the wheels are on the bump road surface to
compress and stretch the spring, the power of the spring is transmitted to a shock absorber through an upper
support and to a piston through a piston rod downward. Holes are opened on the piston. When the piston moves
up and down in the pressure cylinder, hydraulic oil leaks from those small holes. Because these holes are very
small, there is still only a small amount of hydraulic oil passing through under the great pressure.

Therefore, the

piston slows down to decelerate the spring. The shock absorber work includes two circles-compression circle and
stretching circle.The compression cycle refers to that the piston compresses the hydraulic oil therebelow when
moving downwards; the drawing cycle refers to the hydraulic oil thereabove when the piston moves upward to the
topside of the pressure cylinder. For a typical vehicle, the resistance to stretching circulation is larger than that to
compression circulation. You need to also note that the compression circulation controls the motion of the
unsprung loaded mass and the tension circulation controls the motion of the relatively heavier spring loaded
mass. All modern shock absorbers have the speed sensing function--the faster the speed of movement of the
suspension is, the greater the resistance provided by the shock absorber is. Thus, the shock absorber can be
regulated according to the road condition; moreover, all unexpected motions possibly incurred in the driving
vehicle are controlled, including bounce, rollover, brake subduction and acceleration crouch, etc.

3. Stabilizer

rod:

It is matched with the shock absorber to provide additional stability for the moving vehicle.

The stabilizer bar

is a metal rod crossing the whole axle to effectively connect the two sides of the suspension together. When the
suspension on one wheel moves up and down, the stabilizer bar can transit the motion to the other wheels.
Therefore, run more stably to reduce the inclination of the vehicle, particularly, it can counteract the rollover of
the vehicle on the suspension when turning a corner.

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