Mazda CX-50 (2023 year). Manual in english — page 9

When Driving
i-ACTIVSENSE
Distance-between-vehicles
guideline
Indication on multi-information
Indication on active driving dis-
(at 80 km/h (50 mph) vehicle
display
play*1
speed)
Medium (about 40 m (131 ft))
Short (about 30 m (98 ft))
Extremely short (about 25 m (82
ft))
*1
Displays a pop-up image in the active driving display only when the driver operates the switch.
Changing the set vehicle speed
How to change the set vehicle speed using the RES switch
When the RES switch is pressed up (SET+), the vehicle accelerates, and when the
RES switch is pressed down (SET-), the vehicle decelerates.
Press and release immediately: 1 km/h (1 mph)
Press and hold: 10 km/h (5 mph)
How to change the set vehicle speed using the accelerator pedal
Depress the accelerator pedal until the vehicle speed reaches the desired speed,
then press the RES switch up (SET+) or down (SET-) and release the switch.
Temporary cancellation
If any of the following conditions is met, the MRCC with Stop & Go function is
canceled temporarily.
The MRCC with Stop & Go function operation conditions are not met.
The CANCEL switch is pressed.
The brake pedal is depressed.
The front radar sensors cannot detect target objects.
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When Driving
i-ACTIVSENSE
The DSC has operated.
The Smart Brake Support (SBS) has operated.
The frequency of the braking operation by the MRCC with Stop & Go function is
high.
There is a problem in the system.
Resuming the control
If the MRCC with Stop & Go function is temporarily canceled, it will resume
operation at the previously set speed by pressing the RES switch after all of the
operation conditions have been met again.
Turning off the system
When the MRCC switch is pressed while the MRCC is operating, the MRCC turns
off.
Stop Hold Control
Press the RES switch.
Depress the accelerator pedal.
While in headway control using the
MRCC with Stop & Go function, your
NOTE
vehicle will stop when a vehicle ahead
If the vehicle ahead starts moving
stops. When your vehicle is stopped
within three seconds after your vehicle
and the stop hold control operates, the
is stopped, the headway control will
MRCC with Stop & Go function
continue even if you do not resume
indicator light turns on.
driving your vehicle.
Resume driving information
If you do not resume driving within a
few seconds after the vehicle ahead
starts moving during stop hold control,
NOTE
the vehicle-ahead indication on the
The parking brake is automatically
multi-information display flashes to
applied and the vehicle is held in its
urge you to resume driving. If you still
stopped position when 10 minutes
do not resume driving after the
or longer have passed since the stop
indicator light flashes, a sound is
hold control operated. When this
activated to urge you to resume
occurs, the MRCC with Stop & Go
driving.
function is temporarily canceled.
Resuming driving
While in stop hold control, if the
vehicle ahead starts moving and the
distance from the vehicle increases, the
stop hold control will be canceled and
your vehicle will resume driving by
performing any of the following
operations.
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When Driving
i-ACTIVSENSE
¾ The TJA may not be able to detect a
Traffic Jam Assist (TJA)*
vehicle ahead depending on the type
of vehicle ahead and its conditions,
Traffic Jam Assist (TJA)
the weather conditions, and the road
The TJA is a system which consists of a
conditions. Additionally, the system
headway control function and a
might be unable to decelerate
steering assist function for reducing
sufficiently if a vehicle ahead applies
driver fatigue during traffic jams when
the brakes suddenly, another vehicle
driving on expressways or highways.
cuts into the driving lane, or the
This system performs headway control
difference in vehicle speed between
to maintain a constant distance
your vehicle and the vehicle ahead is
between your vehicle and a vehicle
larger, which could result in an
ahead at a preset vehicle speed
accident. Check the surrounding
without you having to use the
conditions and always drive carefully
accelerator or brake pedal. Even
while keeping a safe distance from
further, with the steering assist
vehicles ahead and on-coming
function, when vehicle lane lines are
vehicles.
detected, the function assists the driver
in keeping the vehicle within the lane
lines. If lane lines are not detected, the
For the purposes of safety, switch the
function provides the driver driving
TJA off when it is not being used.
assistance in keeping the vehicle along
Leaving the TJA turned on when it is
the motion path with the vehicle
not in use is dangerous as it could
ahead.
operate unexpectedly, resulting in an
accident.
WARNING
Do not rely completely on TJA:
Do not use the TJA under the
¾ The TJA is not an automated driving
following conditions. Otherwise, it
system. In addition, the functions
may result in an accident.
have limitations. Do not rely
¾ General roads other than
completely on the system and always
expressways or highways (Driving
stay on course using the steering
under these conditions using the TJA
wheel.
is not possible.)
¾ Set a vehicle speed within the speed
¾ Roads with sharp curves and where
limit according to the road
vehicle traffic is heavy with
conditions and the weather
insufficient space between vehicles,
conditions.
or roads where frequent and
repetitive acceleration and
deceleration occur (Driving under
these conditions using the TJA is not
possible).
4-124 *Some models.
When Driving
i-ACTIVSENSE
¾ When entering and exiting
¾ The vehicle is driven on roads with
interchanges, service areas, and
lane lines other than white (yellow)
parking areas of expressways (If you
lines, such as an expressway.
exit an expressway while headway
control is in use, the vehicle ahead
will no longer be tracked and your
Do not get out of the vehicle while
vehicle may accelerate to the set
the stop hold control is operating.
speed).
Getting out of the vehicle while the
¾ Slippery roads such as icy or
stop hold control is operating is
snow-covered roads (Tires could spin
dangerous as the vehicle may move
causing you to lose vehicle control,
unexpectedly and result in an accident.
or the stop hold control may not
Before getting out of the vehicle,
operate.)
switch the TJA off, apply the parking
¾ Long, descending slopes (to
brake, and then shift the selector lever
maintain distance between vehicles,
to the P position.
the system automatically and
continuously applies the brakes
which could result in the loss of
brake power.)
CAUTION
¾ Two-wheeled vehicles such as
Turn the system off when the vehicle is
motorcycles or bicycles are ahead.
running on a chassis roller.
¾ Slopes with a steep gradient (The
Heed the following cautions so that
vehicle ahead may not be detected
the TJA can operate normally.
correctly, your vehicle may slip while
stopped by the stop hold control, or
¾ Turn the system off when the vehicle
it may accelerate suddenly after it
is running on a chassis roller.
starts moving.)
¾ Do not modify the vehicle's
¾ Driving under bad weather
suspensions.
conditions (rain, fog, and snow).
¾ Always use wheels of the specified
¾ The vehicle is driven on slippery
size for the front and rear wheels.
roads such as icy or snow-covered
Consult an Authorized Mazda Dealer
roads and unpaved roads (Tires
for tire replacement.
could spin causing you to lose
vehicle control, or the stop hold
control may not operate.)
NOTE
¾ Tires of a different specified size are
The headway control does not detect
used, such as a temporary spare tire.
the following as physical objects.
¾ Tires with insufficient tread are used.
¾ The tire pressures are not adjusted to
Vehicles approaching in the
the specified pressure.
opposite direction
¾ The vehicle is being used to tow a
Pedestrians
camper or boat trailer.
Stationary objects (stopped
¾ Tire chains are used.
vehicles, obstructions)
If a vehicle ahead is traveling at an
extremely low speed, the system may
not detect it correctly.
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When Driving
i-ACTIVSENSE
If there is a structure on the road or
White (yellow) lane lines or
an object (such as a monorail) at a
vehicles ahead are less visible
low height off the ground in front of
because of bad weather (rain, fog,
the vehicle, the system may operate.
or snow).
Therefore, do not use the TJA.
The vehicle is driven on a
Do not use the TJA under conditions
temporary lane or section with a
in which close proximity warnings
closed lane resulting from
are frequently activated.
construction where there might be
If it is necessary to accelerate for a
multiple white (yellow) lane lines,
lane change or the vehicle ahead
or they are interrupted.
brakes suddenly causing you to close
The camera picks up an obscure
in on the vehicle rapidly, accelerate
line, such as a temporary line being
using the accelerator pedal or
used for construction, or because
decelerate using the brake pedal
of shade, unmelted snow, or
depending on the conditions.
grooves filled with water.
While the TJA is in use, any intended
The road surface is wet and shiny
engine braking does not occur even
after rain, or there are puddles on
if you shift the selector lever. If
the road.
deceleration is required, lower the
Heavy luggage is loaded in the
vehicle speed setting or depress the
luggage compartment or on the
brake pedal.
rear seat causing the vehicle to tilt.
While braking by the TJA control is
A vehicle in front of your vehicle is
operating, you might hear an
running near a white (yellow) lane
operation sound, however, this does
line making it less visible.
not indicate a problem.
The windshield is dirty or foggy.
The brake lights turn on while
The vehicle is driven through an
braking by the TJA control is
intersection, a junction, or a fork in
operating, however, they may not
the road.
turn on while the vehicle is on a
While white (yellow) lane lines
down slope at the set vehicle speed
cannot be detected due to road or
or traveling at a constant speed and
weather conditions.
following a vehicle ahead.
The surrounding brightness
Under the following conditions, the
suddenly changes such as when
TJA may not be able to detect white
entering or exiting a tunnel.
(yellow) lines or vehicles ahead
The illumination of the headlights
correctly and the TJA may not
is weakened because of dirt or the
operate normally.
optical axis is deviated at night.
Back-light is reflected off the road
The forward sensing camera (FSC)
surface or the road surface is wet
cannot recognize the area in front
and shiny after rain.
of the vehicle due to soiling or fog.
The shade of a guardrail parallel to
The white (yellow) lane lines are
a white (yellow) lane line is cast on
less visible because of dirt or paint
the road.
flaking.
The width of a lane is excessively
narrow or wide.
The road is excessively uneven.
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When Driving
i-ACTIVSENSE
The vehicle is shaken after hitting a
NOTE
road bump.
Steering assist limit warning
There are various road markings or
division lines (lane markings) of
If the steering assist function cannot
various shapes near an
keep the vehicle within the lane lines
intersection.
while the steering assist function is
The area in front of the camera is
operating, a warning sound is activated
soiled or an object that obstructs
and a warning is displayed on the
the field of view is installed.
multi-information display to urge the
Exhaust gas from the vehicle in
driver to operate the steering wheel.
front, sand, snow, and water vapor
rising from manholes and grating,
and water splashed into the air.
The surroundings are dark such as
during the early evening or early
morning.
A vehicle ahead with a certain
taillight shape.
A vehicle ahead veers off course
from your vehicle's line of travel.
A vehicle ahead is driving
erratically.
The vehicle is driven on roads with
tight curves.
Headway control function
If a vehicle ahead is detected while
traveling at a constant speed, the
vehicle-ahead indication is displayed
and headway control is performed.
Steering assist function
When lane lines are detected, the
function assists the driver in keeping
the vehicle within the lane lines. If lane
lines are not detected, the function
provides the driver driving assistance in
keeping the vehicle along the motion
path with the vehicle ahead.
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When Driving
i-ACTIVSENSE
Traffic Jam Assist (TJA) Display
1. Vehicle ahead display
Indication
2. TJA set vehicle speed
The TJA setting status and operation
conditions are indicated on the
Steering assist function display
multi-information display or the active
When the steering assist function
driving display.
operates, the steering assist operation
Multi-information display (Basic
display on the display changes from
display)
white to green.
NOTE
You can view the multi-information
display to check whether the steering
assist is performing controls in
conjunction with the traffic lane lines
1. Vehicle ahead display
or a vehicle ahead.
2. TJA set vehicle speed
Inactive
Multi-information display
(i-ACTIVSENSE display)
Active (vehicle ahead)
Active (lane line)
1. Vehicle ahead display
2. TJA set vehicle speed
Active driving display
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When Driving
i-ACTIVSENSE
If there is a problem with the TJA, a
Close Proximity Warning
message is displayed on the
If your vehicle rapidly closes in on the
multi-information display. Check the
vehicle ahead while you are traveling
details of the problem on the center
under headway control, the warning
display and then have your vehicle
sound is activated and the brake
inspected by an Authorized Mazda
warning is indicated on the display.
Dealer.
Keep a safe distance between your
Refer to If a Warning Light Turns On or
vehicle and a vehicle ahead.
Flashes on page 7-20.
1.
“Depress Brake Pedal” message is
displayed
NOTE
In the following cases, the warnings
and brakes may not operate even if
your vehicle starts closing in on the
vehicle ahead.
You are driving your vehicle at the
same speed as the vehicle ahead.
Directly after the TJA operates.
Directly after the accelerator pedal is
released.
Another vehicle cuts into the driving
lane in front of you.
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When Driving
i-ACTIVSENSE
Setting the System
Operation conditions
Headway control function
The TJA operates when all of the following conditions are met.
The vehicle speed is about 0 km/h (0 mph) to 145 km/h (90 mph).
The selector lever is in the D or M position (manual mode).
The TJA is operating.
The headway control function of the Mazda Radar Cruise Control (MRCC) or
Mazda Radar Cruise Control with Stop & Go function (MRCC with Stop & Go
function) is set to operable (if it was set to inoperable, set it to operable using the
personalization function).
The brake pedal is not depressed.
The parking brake is released (Electric Parking Brake (EPB) indicator light is turned
off).
There is no problem with the DSC.
All the doors are closed.
The driver's seat belt is fastened.
NOTE
Under the following conditions, the TJA cannot be used when the vehicle speed is
30 km/h (19 mph) or slower.
There is a problem with the stop hold control function.
There is a problem with the Electric Parking Brake (EPB).
The TJA may not launch directly after the engine starts.
Steering assist function
The steering assist function operates when all of the following conditions are met.
Your vehicle is moving and less than about 56 km/h (35 mph).
White (yellow) lane lines on both sides are detected and you are driving near the
center of the lane, or your vehicle detects a vehicle ahead.
The steering wheel is not turned sharply.
The turn signal lever is not operated.
The headway control function is operating.
NOTE
The steering assist function operates so that the vehicle remains near the center of
the driving lane, however, depending on conditions such as the road curvature,
road slope and undulations, and vehicle speed, the function might not be able to
keep the vehicle near the center of the driving lane.
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When Driving
i-ACTIVSENSE
Setting method
1. CANCEL switch
2. RES switch
3. TJA switch
1. Press the TJA switch.
The TJA standby indication (white) turns on. In addition, the TJA display
indication is displayed on the multi-information display at the same time.
2. Adjust the vehicle speed to the desired setting using the accelerator pedal and
press the RES switch up (SET+) or down (SET-) to start headway control.
The set speed is indicated on the display. At the same time, the TJA standby
indication (white) changes to the TJA set indication (green).
3. The headway control is operable when all of the conditions for it to operate are
met, or the steering assist function is operable when all of the conditions for it to
operate are met.
NOTE
If a vehicle ahead is detected while traveling at a constant speed, the
vehicle-ahead indication is displayed and headway control is performed.
Additionally, when a vehicle ahead is no longer detected, the vehicle-ahead
indication turns off and the system switches back to travel at constant speed.
Headway control is not possible if the vehicle ahead is driving faster than your
vehicle's set speed. Adjust the system to the desired vehicle speed using the
accelerator pedal.
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When Driving
i-ACTIVSENSE
When the ignition is switched OFF, the system status before it was turned off is
maintained. For example, if the ignition is switched OFF with the TJA operable, the
TJA remains operational the next time the ignition is switched ON.
When the TJA switch is pressed while the Mazda Radar Cruise Control (MRCC) or
the Mazda Radar Cruise Control with Stop & Go function (MRCC with Stop & Go
function) system is operating, the TJA operates. In addition, when the MRCC
switch is pressed while the TJA is operating, the Mazda Radar Cruise Control
(MRCC) or the Mazda Radar Cruise Control with Stop & Go function (MRCC with
Stop & Go function) system operates.
Changing the set vehicle speed
(To accelerate/decelerate using the RES switch)
When the RES switch is pressed up (SET+), the vehicle accelerates and when the RES
switch is pressed down (SET-), it decelerates.
Press and release immediately: 1 km/h (1 mph)
Press and hold: 10 km/h (5 mph)
(To increase speed using accelerator pedal)
Depress the accelerator pedal and press the RES switch up (SET+) or down (SET-) at
the desired speed. If the switch is not operated, the system returns to the set speed
after you release your foot from the accelerator pedal.
NOTE
The warnings and brake control do not operate while depressing the accelerator
pedal.
The lowest possible speed which can be set on the TJA is 30 km/h (19 mph).
The vehicle speed setting can be changed by operating the RES switch during stop
hold control.
Changing the distance between vehicles during headway control
The distance-between-vehicles can be set to 4 levels; Long, medium, short, and
extremely short distance.
The distance-between-vehicles is set to a shorter distance by pressing the CANCEL
switch down. The distance-between-vehicles is set to a longer distance by pressing
the CANCEL switch up.
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When Driving
i-ACTIVSENSE
Distance-between-vehicles
Indication on display
guideline
Indication on multi-information
Indication on active driving dis-
(at 80 km/h (50 mph) vehicle
display
play*1
speed)
Long (about 50 m (164 ft))
Medium (about 40 m (131 ft))
Short (about 30 m (98 ft))
Extremely short (about 25 m (82
ft))
*1
Displays a pop-up image when the CANCEL switch is operated.
NOTE
The distance-between-vehicles differs depending on the vehicle speed, and the
slower the vehicle speed, the shorter the distance.
When the ignition is switched to ACC or OFF, the set distance-between-vehicles is
taken over automatically even when the engine is started again.
The function is temporarily canceled.
Headway control function
When the following operations are performed, the headway control function is
temporarily canceled and the TJA set indication (green) changes to the TJA standby
indication (white) at the same time.
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When Driving
i-ACTIVSENSE
The CANCEL switch is pressed one time.
The brake pedal is depressed.
The selector lever is in the P, N, or R position.
In the following cases, the TJA cancel indication is displayed and a sound is activated
one time.
The DSC has operated.
The Smart Brake Support (SBS) has operated.
The vehicle is driven on a downslope for a long time.
There is a problem with the system.
The front radar sensor cannot detect target objects (during rain, fog, snow or other
inclement weather conditions, or when the radiator grille is dirty).
The parking brake is applied.
Any of the doors is opened.
The driver's seat belt is unfastened.
The operation frequency of the braking by the TJA control is high.
The parking brake is automatically applied during stop hold control.
Steering assist function
If any of the following conditions occurs, the steering assist function is temporarily
canceled.
The headway control function is canceled.
White (yellow) lane lines cannot be detected or a vehicle ahead cannot be
recognized.
Your vehicle speed is more than about 64 km/h (40 mph).
The accelerator pedal is operated.
The turn signal lever is operated.
The vehicle is being driven on a sharp curve.
The width of a lane is excessively narrow or wide.
The vehicle crosses a lane line.
The driver takes his/her hands off the steering wheel.
The steering wheel is operated abruptly.
There is a problem with the system.
The temperature in the Forward Sensing Camera (FSC) is too high or too low.
The windshield around the Forward Sensing Camera (FSC) is foggy.
The windshield around the Forward Sensing Camera (FSC) is blocked by an
obstruction, causing poor forward visibility.
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When Driving
i-ACTIVSENSE
NOTE
If you take your hands off the steering wheel, a warning (yellow) is indicated on
the multi-information display. Then, if you continue to leave your hands off the
steering wheel, a warning (red) is indicated on the multi-information display and
the active driving display and a warning sound is activated.
Multi-information display (Warning (yellow))
Multi-information display (Warning (red))
Active driving display (Warning (red))
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When Driving
i-ACTIVSENSE
If the steering wheel is held lightly, or depending on the road conditions, the
system determines that you have released the steering wheel even if you are
holding it, and an alert is indicated on the multi-information display and the active
driving display.
To resume operation
If the TJA is temporarily canceled, it will resume operation at the previously set speed
by pressing the RES switch after all of the operation conditions have been met.
NOTE
If the set speed is not indicated on the display, the system does not operate even if
the RES switch is pressed.
After the operation, the steering assist operation may not operate for a period of 5
seconds at the most until the lane lines are detected or a vehicle ahead is
recognized.
Turning off
When the TJA switch is pressed while the TJA is operating, the TJA turns off.
Stop Hold Control
The parking brake is automatically
applied and the vehicle is held in its
While in headway control using the
stopped position when 10 minutes
TJA, your vehicle will stop when a
or longer have passed since the stop
vehicle ahead stops. When the vehicle
hold control operated. When this
is stopped and the stop hold control
occurs, the TJA is temporarily
operates, the TJA indicator light turns
canceled.
on.
The brake lights turn on during stop
hold control.
To resume driving
NOTE
After the vehicle ahead starts moving
while your vehicle is stopped under
Even if the TJA is temporarily
stop hold control, press the RES switch
canceled during stop hold control,
or depress the accelerator pedal to
the vehicle is held in its stopped
cancel the stop hold control and start
position.
driving.
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When Driving
i-ACTIVSENSE
NOTE
Lane-keep Assist System
When you resume driving by pressing
(LAS)*
the RES switch, your vehicle does not
start moving until the distance
Lane-keep Assist System (LAS)
between your vehicle and the vehicle
ahead lengthens to the specified
The LAS provides steering assistance to
distance or farther.
help the driver stay within the vehicle
If the TJA is temporarily canceled,
lane if the vehicle might be deviating.
depress the accelerator pedal and
The forward sensing camera (FSC)
start driving the vehicle. If the TJA is
detects the white lines (yellow lines) of
temporarily canceled, you cannot
the vehicle lane in which the vehicle is
resume driving by pressing the RES
traveling and if the system determines
switch when there are no vehicles in
that the vehicle may deviate from its
front of your vehicle.
lane, it operates the electric power
If the vehicle ahead starts moving
steering to assist the driver’s steering
within 3 seconds after your vehicle is
operation. The system also alerts the
stopped by the stop hold control,
driver by displaying an alert on the
headway control will continue even if
multi-information display and the
you do not resume driving your
active driving display. Use the system
vehicle, such as by depressing the
when you drive the vehicle on roads
accelerator pedal.
with white (yellow) lines such as
expressways and highways.
Vehicle departure information
If you do not resume driving within a
few seconds after the vehicle ahead
starts moving during stop hold control,
the multi-information display
vehicle-ahead indication flashes to
urge the driver to resume driving. If you
do not resume driving after the
indicator light flashes, a sound is
1. Forward sensing camera (FSC)
activated to urge you to resume
driving.
WARNING
Do not rely completely on the LAS:
¾ The LAS is not an automated driving
system. In addition, the system is not
designed to compensate for a
driver’s lack of caution, and
over-reliance on the system could
lead to an accident.
*Some models.
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When Driving
i-ACTIVSENSE
¾ The functions of the LAS have
The vehicle is driven on a temporary
limitations. Always stay on course
lane or section with a closed lane
using the steering wheel and drive
resulting from construction where
with care.
there might be multiple white
¾ Do not use the LAS under the
(yellow) lane lines, or they are
following circumstances, otherwise it
interrupted.
may result in an accident.
The camera picks up an obscure line,
such as a temporary line being used
¾ The vehicle is driven on slippery
for construction, or because of
roads such as icy or snow-covered
shade, unmelted snow, or grooves
roads, and unpaved roads.
filled with water.
¾ Tires of a different specified size
The surrounding brightness suddenly
are used, such as a temporary
changes such as when entering or
spare tire.
exiting a tunnel.
¾ Tires with insufficient tread are
Back-light is reflected off the road
used.
surface.
¾ The tire pressures are not adjusted
The road surface is wet and shiny
to the specified pressure.
after rain, or there are puddles on
¾ The vehicle is being used to tow a
the road.
camper or boat trailer.
The width of a lane is excessively
¾ Tire chains are used.
narrow.
¾ The vehicle is driven on roads with
The vehicle is driven on roads with
lane lines other than white (yellow)
tight curves.
lines, such as an expressway.
Heavy luggage is loaded in the
luggage compartment or on the rear
seat causing the vehicle to tilt.
CAUTION
The vehicle is driven through a fork in
Heed the following cautions so that
the road or a junction.
the LAS can operate normally.
The shade of a guardrail parallel to a
white (yellow) lane line is cast on the
¾ Do not modify the vehicle's
road.
suspensions.
The illumination of the headlights is
¾ Always use tires of the specified type
weakened because of dirt or the
and size for the front and rear
optical axis is deviated at night.
wheels. Consult an Authorized
The road is excessively uneven.
Mazda Dealer for tire replacement.
The vehicle is shaken after hitting a
road bump.
NOTE
A vehicle in front of your vehicle is
The system may not operate normally
running near a white (yellow) lane
under the following conditions.
line making it less visible.
The white (yellow) lane lines are less
The windshield is dirty or foggy.
visible because of dirt or paint
Strong light is directed from the front
flaking.
of the vehicle (such as sunlight, or
White (yellow) lane lines are less
headlights (high-beam) of
visible because of bad weather (rain,
on-coming vehicles).
fog, or snow).
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When Driving
i-ACTIVSENSE
System Operation
When temporarily canceling the
system
When the ignition is switched ON, the
i-ACTIVSENSE status symbol (warning/
The LAS goes on standby in the
risk avoidance support system) (white)
following cases: The LAS operation is
turns on and the system goes on
automatically restored when the
standby.
system's operation conditions are met.
The system cannot detect white
(yellow) lane lines.
The vehicle speed is less than about
56 km/h (35 mph).
The turn signal lever is operated.
NOTE
The accelerator pedal is depressed
If the i-ACTIVSENSE status symbol
abruptly.
(warning/risk avoidance support
The TCS/DSC is operating.
system) (white) does not turn on, the
The TCS/DSC is turned off.
system is canceled using the
The steering wheel is operated.
i-ACTIVSENSE OFF switch or the
The brake pedal is operated.
personalization feature.
The function is temporarily stopped.
Operation conditions
The LAS stops functioning in the
When all of the following conditions
following cases:
are met, the i-ACTIVSENSE status
The temperature in the forward
symbol (warning/risk avoidance
sensing camera (FSC) is too high or
support system) on the
too low.
multi-information display changes
The windshield around the forward
from white to green and the system
sensing camera (FSC) is foggy.
becomes operational.
The windshield around the forward
The vehicle speed is about 64 km/h
sensing camera (FSC) is blocked by
(40 mph) or faster.
an obstruction, causing poor forward
The system detects white (yellow)
visibility.
lane lines.
Strong light (such as sunlight, or
headlights (high-beam) of
on-coming vehicles) is directed at
the forward sensing camera (FSC).
System malfunction
If there is a problem with the system,
NOTE
the i-ACTIVSENSE status symbol
When the system does not detect a
(warning/risk avoidance support
white (yellow) lane line on one side
system) (white) and the i-ACTIVSENSE
only, the system does not operate on
warning indication/warning light on
the side that is not being detected.
the multi-information display turns on
and a message is indicated.
4-139
When Driving
i-ACTIVSENSE
Refer to i-ACTIVSENSE Status Symbol
Active driving display
(Warning/Risk Avoidance Support
System) on page 4-90.
Steering Wheel Operation Assist
When the system determines that the
vehicle might be deviating from its
NOTE
lane, the steering wheel operation
When the driver operates the
assist operates.
steering wheel while the steering
The system notifies the driver that it
wheel operation assist is operating,
provided steering wheel operation
the steering wheel operation
assistance on the multi-information
assistance is canceled.
display and the active driving display.
Multi-information display (Basic
System Canceling
display)
The LAS can be set to inoperable.
(If only the LAS is turned off)
Refer to the Settings section in the
Mazda Connect Owner's Manual.
(If the LAS is turned off by operating
the i-ACTIVSENSE OFF switch)
Refer to i-ACTIVSENSE OFF Switch
on page 4-92.
NOTE
If the ignition is switched OFF while
you have canceled the system using the
Multi-information display
i-ACTIVSENSE OFF switch, the system
(i-ACTIVSENSE display)
is automatically enabled the next time
the ignition is switched ON. However,
if the system is canceled using the
personalization features, the system is
not automatically enabled.
4-140
When Driving
i-ACTIVSENSE
sound and display indications alert the
Emergency Lane Keeping
driver of the danger.
(ELK)*
Emergency Lane Keeping (ELK)
The ELK is a system designed to assist
the driver’s steering wheel operation to
avoid danger.
The ELK consists of the Blind Spot
Assist function to prevent your vehicle
from colliding with vehicles on
adjacent lanes, and the Road Keep
Assist function to prevent your vehicle
from deviating from the road.
Refer to Blind Spot Assist on page
WARNING
4-141.
Refer to Road Keep Assist on page
Do not rely completely on the Blind
4-144.
Spot Assist function and always drive
carefully:
Blind Spot Assist*
¾ The Blind Spot Assist function has
The Blind Spot Assist function assists
limitations. Do not rely completely
the driver in avoiding collisions with
on the system and always stay on
vehicles in adjacent lanes (excluding
course using the steering wheel.
vehicles approaching in the opposite
¾ The Blind Spot Assist function is not
direction).
an autonomous driving system. In
The Blind Spot Assist function detects
addition, the system is not designed
white lines (yellow lines) on the vehicle
to compensate for a driver’s lack of
lane using the Forward Sensing Camera
caution, and over-reliance on the
(FSC) and detects vehicles on adjacent
system could lead to an accident.
lanes using the rear side radar sensors.
If there is a possibility of a collision
with a vehicle in an adjacent lane
when you try to change lanes or if you
may deviate from your lane, it assists
your steering wheel operation to keep
you in the driving lane.
When the steering wheel operation
assist operates, a warning sound and
warning indications on displays alert
the driver of the possibility of a
collision. Furthermore, if the possibility
of a collision increases, a warning
*Some models.
4-141
When Driving
i-ACTIVSENSE
¾ The detection area of the camera
The system detects white (yellow)
and sensors is limited. If the steering
lane lines on both sides.
wheel operation assist is operated
There is a vehicle on the rear sides.
without detecting a two-wheeled
A Mazda genuine trailer hitch is not
vehicle near the detecting vehicle, it
being used.
could result in an accident.
NOTE
If a Mazda genuine trailer hitch is
used, the Blind Spot Assist is
automatically turned off.
The Blind Spot Assist function may
not operate normally when any of
the following conditions is met.
A condition under which the
Forward Sensing Camera (FSC)
cannot detect a target object is
met.
Refer to Forward Sensing Camera
Do not use the system under the
(FSC) on page 4-189.
following conditions. Otherwise, it
The visibility of vehicles in adjacent
may result in an accident:
lanes is poor.
A vehicle in an adjacent lane
¾ The vehicle is driven on slippery
rapidly approaches at a high
roads such as icy roads,
speed.
snow-covered roads, and unpaved
Vehicles in adjacent lanes have any
roads.
of the following shapes.
¾ Tires other than the specified size are
used, such as when tire chains or
The vehicle size is very small.
temporary spare tires are used.
The vehicle height is extremely
¾ The vehicle is towing a camping
low or high.
A special type of vehicle with a
trailer or boat trailer.
¾ The vehicle is driven on roads other
complex shape.
The visibility of white lines (yellow
than expressways and highways.
lines) is poor (due to paint flaking
¾ The rear bumper around a rear side
or dirt, or being hidden by vehicles
radar sensor is deformed.
ahead).
Operation conditions
There are multiple white lines
(yellow lines) or they are
The Blind Spot Assist function becomes
interrupted.
operational when all of the following
A misleading line on the road is
conditions are met.
picked up (such as temporary line
The vehicle speed is about 64 km/h
for construction, shadow, lingering
(40 mph) or faster.
snow, or grooves filled with water).
The vehicle is driven on a straight
The width of the vehicle lane is
road or gentle curve.
narrow or wide.
4-142
When Driving
i-ACTIVSENSE
The vehicle is shaken after hitting a
The windshield around the Forward
road bump.
Sensing Camera (FSC) is foggy.
The vehicle is driven on a section
The windshield around the Forward
with a closed lane or temporary
Sensing Camera (FSC) is blocked by
lane due to construction.
an obstruction, causing poor forward
The vehicle is driven on a forked
visibility.
road or junction.
Snow, ice, or mud is adhering
When the ELK OFF indicator light is
around a rear side radar sensor.
on, the system is canceled according
The temperature around a rear side
to a Mazda Connect setting.
radar sensor is high.
Refer to the Settings section in the
There is a problem with the system.
Mazda Connect Owner's Manual.
System problem
If there is a problem with the system,
the i-ACTIVSENSE warning indication/
warning light turns on and a message is
indicated.
Temporary cancellation of the
Refer to i-ACTIVSENSE Warning
function
Indication/Warning Light on page
7-27.
The Blind Spot Assist function goes on
stand-by when any of the following
Steering wheel operation assist
conditions is met. The Blind Spot Assist
If there is a possibility of collision with
function is automatically restored
a vehicle in an adjacent lane when you
when its operation conditions are met.
try to change lanes or if you may
The vehicle speed is less than about
deviate from the lane, the steering
56 km/h (35 mph).
wheel operation assist operates.
The system cannot detect white
While the steering wheel operation
(yellow) lane lines.
assist is operating, the system notifies
The accelerator pedal is depressed
the driver using a warning sound,
abruptly.
multi-information display, and the
The brake pedal is depressed.
active driving display that it is assisting
The steering wheel is operated
the steering wheel operation.
abruptly.
The TCS/DSC is operating.
The TCS/DSC is turned off.
Multiple vehicles are traveling in the
detecting area near your vehicle.
Cancellation of the function
The Blind Spot Assist function is
canceled when any of the following
conditions is met.
The temperature in the Forward
Sensing Camera (FSC) is high or low.
4-143
When Driving
i-ACTIVSENSE
Multi-information display (Basic
wheel needs to be turned to avoid a
display)
collision is displayed on the
multi-information display and the
active driving display, together with a
warning sound activated.
Multi-information display
Multi-information display
(i-ACTIVSENSE display)
Active driving display
Road Keep Assist
The Road Keep Assist function assists
the driver in avoiding a departure from
the road while driving.
The Road Keep Assist function
Active driving display
recognizes the outside of the road
using the Forward Sensing Camera
(FSC). If your vehicle may be deviating
from the road, it provides steering
assistance to avoid departure from the
road.
NOTE
When the steering wheel operation
assist operates, display indications
If the driver operates the steering
alert the driver of the possibility of a
wheel while the steering wheel
road departure. Furthermore, if the
operation assist is operating, the
possibility of a road departure
steering wheel operation assist is
increases, a warning sound and display
canceled.
Collision warning
If the possibility of a collision with a
vehicle in an adjacent lane increases,
the direction to which the steering
4-144
When Driving
i-ACTIVSENSE
indications alert the driver of the
Operation conditions
danger.
The Road Keep Assist function
becomes operational when any of the
following conditions is met.
The vehicle speed is about 64 km/h
(40 mph) or faster.
The vehicle is driven on a straight
road or gentle curve.
The function recognizes the outside
of the road by detecting target
objects (such as gravel, grass, street
gutters, road curbs, guardrails, or
walls).
WARNING
NOTE
The Road Keep Assist function may
Do not rely completely on the Road
not operate normally when any of
Keep Assist function and always drive
the following conditions is met.
carefully:
A condition under which the
¾ The Road Keep Assist function has
Forward Sensing Camera (FSC)
limitations. Do not rely completely
cannot detect a target is met.
on the system and always stay on
Refer to Forward Sensing Camera
course using the steering wheel.
(FSC) on page 4-189.
¾ The Road Keep Assist function is not
The target objects are difficult to
an autonomous driving system. In
detect (due to low road curb, no
addition, the system is not designed
contrast between the inside and
to compensate for a driver’s lack of
outside of the road, or being
caution, and over-reliance on the
hidden by vehicles ahead).
system could lead to an accident.
A misleading line (such as
temporary line for construction,
Do not use the system under the
shadow, lingering snow, or grooves
following conditions. Otherwise, it
filled with water) is recognized as a
may result in an accident:
target object.
¾ The vehicle is driven on slippery
The road width is narrow.
roads such as icy roads,
The vehicle is shaken after hitting a
snow-covered roads, and unpaved
road bump.
roads.
When the ELK OFF indicator light is
¾ Tires other than the specified size are
on, the system is canceled according
used, such as when tire chains or
to a Mazda Connect setting.
temporary spare tires are used.
¾ The vehicle is towing a camping
trailer or boat trailer.
4-145
When Driving
i-ACTIVSENSE
Refer to the Settings section in the
System problem
Mazda Connect Owner's Manual.
If there is a problem with the system,
the i-ACTIVSENSE warning indication/
warning light turns on and a message is
indicated.
Refer to i-ACTIVSENSE Warning
When the system detects target
Indication/Warning Light on page
objects on one side only, the system
7-27.
does not operate to avoid a road
Steering wheel operation assist
departure in the direction of the side
that is not being detected.
If your vehicle may be deviating from
the road, the steering wheel operation
Temporary cancellation of the
assist operates.
function
While the steering wheel operation
The Road Keep Assist function goes on
assist is operating, the system notifies
stand-by when any of the following
the driver on the multi-information
conditions is met. The Road Keep
display and the active driving display
Assist function is automatically
that it is assisting the steering wheel
restored when its operation conditions
operation.
are met.
The vehicle speed is less than about
56 km/h (35 mph).
Target objects cannot be detected.
The turn signal lever is operated.
The accelerator pedal is depressed
abruptly.
The brake pedal is depressed.
The steering wheel is operated
abruptly.
The TCS/DSC is operating.
The TCS/DSC is turned off.
Cancellation of the function
The Road Keep Assist function is
canceled when any of the following
conditions is met.
The temperature in the Forward
Sensing Camera (FSC) is high or low.
The windshield around the Forward
Sensing Camera (FSC) is foggy.
The windshield around the Forward
Sensing Camera (FSC) is blocked by
an obstruction, causing poor forward
visibility.
There is a problem with the system.
4-146
When Driving
i-ACTIVSENSE
Multi-information display (Basic
avoid a road departure is displayed on
display)
the multi-information display and the
active driving display, together with a
warning sound.
Multi-information display
Multi-information display
(i-ACTIVSENSE display)
Active driving display
Stopping the Emergency Lane
Keeping (ELK) System Operation
The ELK can be set to inoperable.
Refer to the Settings section in the
Mazda Connect Owner's Manual.
Active driving display
When the ELK is canceled, the ELK OFF
indicator light turns on.
NOTE
If the driver operates the steering
wheel while the steering wheel
operation assist is operating, the
steering wheel operation assist is
canceled.
Road departure warning
If the possibility of a road departure
increases, the direction to which the
steering wheel needs to be turned to
4-147
When Driving
i-ACTIVSENSE
¾ The vehicle is being towed or towing
Smart Brake Support
another vehicle.
(SBS)*
¾ The vehicle is driven on rough roads
such as in areas where there is grass
Smart Brake Support (SBS)
and foliage or off-road.
Refer to Stopping the Smart Brake
The SBS is a system designed to detect
Support (SBS) System Operation on
target objects using sensors and
page 4-155.
cameras equipped on the vehicle, and
to reduce damage in the event of a
Forward detection function
collision by operating the brake control
The forward detection function is
if there is the possibility of your vehicle
designed to reduce damage in the
colliding with a target object.
event of a collision with target objects
One part of the SBS functions when
at the front.
you are driving forward and the other
The forward detection function detects
part functions when you are driving in
target objects (vehicles ahead,
reverse.
pedestrians, and bicycles) using the
Refer to Forward drive detection on
front radar sensor and the Forward
page 4-148.
Sensing Camera (FSC). If there is a
Refer to Reverse drive detection on
possibility of your vehicle colliding with
page 4-150.
a target object at the front, you are
Forward drive detection
notified of possible danger by a
warning sound and a warning
When you are driving forward, the
indication on the display.
following functions of the Smart Brake
Furthermore, if the possibility of a
Support (SBS) operate.
collision increases, the brake control is
Forward detection function
performed to reduce damage in the
event of a collision. In addition, when
the driver depresses the brake pedal,
WARNING
the brakes are applied firmly and
quickly to assist.
Do not rely completely on the SBS:
The SBS is only designed to reduce
Operation conditions
damage in the event of a collision.
The forward detection function
The system may not operate normally
operates when all of the following
depending on the target object,
conditions are met.
weather conditions, or traffic
conditions. Over reliance on the
The ignition is switched ON.
system leading to the accelerator pedal
The SBS is on.
or brake pedal being mistakenly
(Object is vehicle ahead)
operated could result in an accident.
The vehicle speed is about 4 km/h
(3 mph) or higher.
(Object is a pedestrian or bicycle)
CAUTION
The vehicle speed is between about
In the following cases, turn the SBS off
10 and 80 km/h (6.3 to 49 mph).
to prevent a mis-operation.
The DSC does not operate.
4-148 *Some models.
When Driving
i-ACTIVSENSE
NOTE
If you suddenly come close to a
vehicle ahead.
When any of the following
An animal, wall, or standing tree is
conditions is met, the forward
detected.
detection function may not operate.
While the system is operating, the
If there is the possibility of hitting
driver is notified by the
only a part of a vehicle or
multi-information display and the
obstruction ahead.
active driving display.
You are driving your vehicle at the
If a malfunction is detected or the
same speed as the vehicle ahead.
system temporarily stops the
When the driver deliberately
function due to dirt on the sensors or
performs driving operations
cameras, the i-ACTIVSENSE warning
(accelerator operation, steering
light turns on and a message is
wheel operation).
displayed on the multi-information
The accelerator pedal is depressed
display.
abruptly.
If the system performs brake control
The brake pedal is depressed.
and the vehicle is stopped, the
The steering wheel is being
system will continue to hold the
operated.
brakes for a brief time unless there is
The selector lever is being shifted.
an operation performed by the
The turn signal lever is being
driver.
operated.
Collision warning
Warnings and messages, such as a
dirty windshield, related to the
If there is the possibility of your vehicle
Forward Sensing Camera (FSC) or
colliding with a target object at the
front radar sensor are being
front, the warning sound is activated
displayed on the multi-information
continuously and a warning is
display.
displayed on the multi-information
When any of the following
display and the active driving display.
conditions is met, the forward
detection function may operate.
There is an object in the road at
the entrance to a curve (including
guardrails and snow banks).
Passing an approaching vehicle
while rounding a curve.
When crossing a narrow bridge,
going under a low overhang, or
passing through a narrow gate, a
car washing machine, or tunnel.
When passing through a toll gate.
When entering an underground
parking area.
There is a metal object, bump, or a
protruding object on the road.
4-149
When Driving
i-ACTIVSENSE
Multi-information display
Reverse drive detection*
When you are driving in reverse, the
following functions of the Smart Brake
Support (SBS) operate.
Rearward detection function
Rear crossing
WARNING
Do not rely completely on the SBS:
The SBS is only designed to reduce
damage in the event of a collision.
1.
“BRAKE!” message is displayed
Over reliance on the system leading to
the accelerator pedal or brake pedal
Active driving display
being mistakenly operated could result
in an accident.
Heed the following cautions so that
1.
“BRAKE!” message is displayed
the SBS can operate normally:
NOTE
¾ Do not apply stickers (including
During brake control and brake assist
transparent stickers) to the areas
operation, the collision warning
around the rear side radar sensors
sound is activated intermittently.
and the rear ultrasonic sensors.
The operation distance and volume
Otherwise, a rear side radar sensor
of the collision warning can be
and a rear ultrasonic sensor may not
changed.
be able to detect vehicles and
Refer to the Settings section in the
obstructions correctly which could
Mazda Connect Owner's Manual.
result in an accident.
¾ Do not disassemble the rear side
radar sensors and rear ultrasonic
sensors.
¾ If you recognize scratches around the
rear side radar sensors and rear
ultrasonic sensors, stop using the SBS
immediately and always have the
vehicle inspected by an Authorized
Mazda Dealer.
Refer to Stopping the Smart Brake
Support (SBS) System Operation on
page 4-155.
¾ Consult an Authorized Mazda Dealer
for rear bumper removal/
installation.
4-150 *Some models.
When Driving
i-ACTIVSENSE
Do not modify the suspension:
The rearward detection function
If the vehicle height or inclination is
detects obstructions using the rear
changed, the SBS may not operate
ultrasonic sensors. In addition, if there
correctly because it cannot detect
is the possibility of your vehicle
obstructions correctly.
colliding with a target object at the rear
while you are driving in reverse, you
Do not hit the rear side radar sensors
are notified of possible danger by a
and rear ultrasonic sensors forcefully:
warning sound and a warning
When washing the vehicle, do not
indication on the display.
spray highly pressurized water against
Furthermore, if the possibility of a
the rear side radar sensors and the rear
collision increases, brake control is
ultrasonic sensors, or rub them
performed to reduce damage in the
strongly. In addition, do not hit the rear
event of a collision.
bumper forcefully when loading and
unloading cargo. Otherwise, the
system will be unable to detect
obstructions correctly and the SBS may
not operate normally.
CAUTION
¾ In the following cases, turn the SBS
off to prevent a mis-operation.
¾ A trailer is pulled or an accessory
such as a bicycle carrier is installed
to the rear of the vehicle.
WARNING
¾ The vehicle is driven on rough
roads such as in areas where there
Always check the surrounding area
is grass and foliage or off-road.
visually when reversing the vehicle:
Refer to Stopping the Smart Brake
The operation of the rearward
Support (SBS) System Operation
detection function has certain
on page 4-155.
limitations. Therefore, the function
¾ Always use tires for all wheels that
might not operate or it might be
are of the specified size, and the
delayed even if there is a target object
same manufacture, brand, and tread
at the rear of your vehicle. Always
pattern. In addition, do not use tires
make it your responsibility as a driver
with significantly different wear
to check the rear.
patterns on the same vehicle. If such
Operation conditions
improper tires are used, the SBS may
not operate normally.
The rearward detection function
operates when all of the following
Rearward detection function
conditions are met.
The rearward detection function is
The engine is running.
designed to reduce damage in the
The SBS is on.
event of a collision with a target object
The selector lever is in the R position.
when reversing.
4-151
When Driving
i-ACTIVSENSE
The vehicle speed is about 2 km/h
High or low humidity.
(2 mph) to 8 km/h (4 mph).
High or low temperatures.
There is no problem with the DSC.
Strong winds.
The Electric Parking Brake (EPB) is
The path of travel is not flat.
not operating.
Heavy luggage is loaded in the
luggage compartment or on the
NOTE
rear seat and the vehicle is tilted.
Objects such as a wireless antenna,
When any of the following
fog light, or illuminated license
conditions is met, the rearward
plate is installed near a rear
detection function may not operate.
ultrasonic sensor.
Directly after the engine starts.
The orientation of a rear ultrasonic
The height of the obstruction is
sensor has deviated for reasons
low such as low walls or trucks
such as a collision.
with low loading platforms.
The vehicle is affected by other
The height of the obstruction is
sound waves such as the horn,
high such as trucks with high
engine noise, or rear ultrasonic
loading platforms.
sensor of another vehicle.
The obstruction is not as large as a
When any of the following
vehicle or wall.
conditions is met, the rearward
The obstruction is thin such as a
detection function may operate.
signpost.
Reversing towards a steep
The surface of the obstruction is
ascending slope.
not pointed vertically relative to
There are grating, wheel blocks, a
your vehicle.
road curb, or a bump.
The obstruction is soft such as a
There is a hanging curtain or
hanging curtain or snow stuck to a
railroad crossing gate.
vehicle.
Reversing near objects such as
The obstruction is shaped
foliage, barriers, vehicles, walls, or
irregularly.
fences.
The obstruction is extremely close.
The vehicle is driven on rough
When any of the following
roads such as in areas where there
conditions is met, the rearward
is grass and foliage or off-road.
detection function may not operate
When reversing through low gates,
normally.
narrow gates, car washing
Snow, ice, or mud adheres to the
machines, tunnels, or into a
area around a rear ultrasonic
mechanical parking garage.
sensor.
A towing bar is installed or a trailer
The vehicle posture is unstable due
is connected.
to sudden operation of the steering
If the system performs brake control
wheel, accelerator pedal, or brake
and the vehicle is stopped, the
pedal.
system will continue to hold the
There is another obstruction near
brakes for a brief time unless there is
one obstruction.
an operation performed by the
During inclement weather such as
driver.
rain, fog, and snow.
4-152
When Driving
i-ACTIVSENSE
Collision warning
sides while you are driving in reverse,
you are notified of possible danger by
If there is the possibility of your vehicle
a warning sound and a warning
colliding with a vehicle approaching
indication on the display.
from the rear on the left or right, or
Furthermore, if the possibility of a
from the rear while you are driving in
collision increases, brake control is
reverse, a warning sound is activated
performed to reduce damage in the
continuously and a warning is
event of a collision.
displayed on the multi-information
display and the active driving display.
Multi-information display
WARNING
Always check the surrounding area
visually when reversing the vehicle:
The operation of the Rear Crossing
detection function has certain
limitations. Therefore, the function
1.
“BRAKE!” message is displayed
might not operate or it might be
delayed even if there is a vehicle
Active driving display
passing through the rear of your
vehicle. Always make it your
responsibility as a driver to check the
rear.
1.
“BRAKE!” message is displayed
NOTE
Do not rely completely on the Rear
During brake control, the collision
Crossing detection function:
warning sound is activated
The Rear Crossing detection function
intermittently.
operates on vehicles while you are
driving in reverse. It will not operate on
Rear crossing
walls, pedestrians, or animals.
The Rear Crossing detection function is
Operation conditions
designed to reduce the damage in the
event of a collision with a vehicle
The Rear Crossing detection function
approaching from the rear sides while
operates when all of the following
driving in reverse.
conditions are met.
The Rear Crossing detection function
The engine is running.
detects approaching vehicles using the
The SBS is on.
rear side radar sensors. If there is the
The selector lever is in the R position.
possibility of your vehicle colliding with
The vehicle speed is about 10 km/h
a vehicle approaching from the rear
(6.2 mph) or slower.
4-153

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