Lincoln Navigator (2019 year). Manual — part 23

GENERAL INFORMATION

Have your vehicle serviced regularly to help
maintain its roadworthiness and resale value.
There is a large network of authorized
dealers that are there to help you with their
professional servicing expertise. We believe
that their specially trained technicians are
best qualified to service your vehicle properly
and expertly. They are supported by a wide
range of highly specialized tools developed
specifically for servicing your vehicle.

If your vehicle requires professional service,
an authorized dealer can provide the
necessary parts and service. Check your
warranty information to find out which parts
and services are covered.

Use only recommended fuels, lubricants,
fluids and service parts conforming to
specifications. Motorcraft® parts are
designed and built to provide the best
performance in your vehicle.

Precautions

•

Do not work on a hot engine.

•

Make sure that nothing gets caught in
moving parts.

•

Do not work on a vehicle with the engine
running in an enclosed space, unless you
are sure you have enough ventilation.

•

Keep all open flames and other burning
material (such as cigarettes) away from
the battery and all fuel related parts.

Working with the Engine Off

1. Set the parking brake and shift the

transmission to park (P).

2. Switch off the engine.

3. Block the wheels.

Working with the Engine On

WARNING: To reduce the risk of

vehicle damage and personal burn injuries,
do not start your engine with the air
cleaner removed and do not remove it
while the engine is running.

1. Set the parking brake and shift the

transmission to park (P).

2. Block the wheels.

OPENING AND CLOSING THE
HOOD

1. Inside the vehicle, pull the hood release

handle located under the left-hand side
of the instrument panel.

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2. Go to the front of your vehicle and locate

the secondary release lever under the
front of the hood in the center. Release
the hood latch by pulling the secondary
release upward.

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3. Lift the hood until the lift cylinders hold

it open.

4. To close, lower the hood and make sure

that it is closed properly and fully latched.

UNDER HOOD OVERVIEW

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Windshield washer fluid reservoir.
See Washer Fluid Check (page
371).

A.

Power distribution box. See
Changing a Fuse (page 357).

B.

Battery. See Changing the 12V
Battery (page 371).

C.

Engine oil filler cap. See Engine
Oil Check (page 362).

D.

Engine oil dipstick. See Engine Oil
Dipstick (page 362).

E.

Brake fluid reservoir. See Brake
Fluid Check (page 370).

F.

Air filter. See Changing the Engine
Air Filter (page 376).

G.

Engine coolant reservoir. See
Engine Coolant Check (page 364).

H.

ENGINE OIL DIPSTICK

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MIN

A

MAX

B

ENGINE OIL CHECK

To check the engine oil level consistently
and accurately, do the following:

1. Make sure the parking brake is on. Make

sure the transmission is in park (P) or
neutral (N).

2. Run the engine until it reaches normal

operating temperature.

3. Make sure that your vehicle is on level

ground.

4. Switch the engine off and wait 15 minutes

for the oil to drain into the oil pan.
Checking the engine oil level too soon
after you switch the engine off may result
in an inaccurate reading.

5. Open the hood. See Opening and

Closing the Hood (page 359).

6. Remove the dipstick and wipe it with a

clean, lint-free cloth. See Under Hood
Overview (page 360).

7. Replace the dipstick and remove it again

to check the oil level. See Engine Oil
Dipstick (page 362).

8. Make sure that the oil level is between

the maximum and minimum marks. If the
oil level is at the minimum mark, add oil
immediately. See Capacities and
Specifications (page 422).

9. If the oil level is correct, replace the

dipstick and make sure it is fully seated.

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Note: Do not remove the dipstick when the
engine is running.

Note: If the oil level is between the
maximum and minimum marks, the oil level
is acceptable. Do not add oil.

Note: The oil consumption of new engines
reaches its normal level after approximately
3,000 mi (5,000 km).

Adding Engine Oil

WARNING: Do not remove the filler

cap when the engine is running.

Do not use supplemental engine oil additives
because they are unnecessary and could
lead to engine damage that may not be
covered by the vehicle Warranty.

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Only use oils certified for gasoline engines
by the American Petroleum Institute (API).
An oil with this trademark symbol conforms
to the current engine and emission system
protection standards and fuel economy
requirements of the International Lubricants
Specification Advisory Committee (ILSAC).

To top up the engine oil level do the
following:

1. Clean the area surrounding the engine

oil filler cap before you remove it.

2. Remove the engine oil filler cap. See

Under Hood Overview (page 360). Turn
it counterclockwise and remove it.

3. Add engine oil that meets our

specifications. See Capacities and
Specifications (page 422). You may have
to use a funnel to pour the engine oil into
the opening.

4. Recheck the oil level.

5. If the oil level is correct, replace the

dipstick and make sure it is fully seated.

6. Replace the engine oil filler cap. Turn it

clockwise until you feel a strong
resistance.

Note: Do not add oil further than the
maximum mark. Oil levels above the
maximum mark may cause engine damage.

Note: Make sure you install the oil filler cap
correctly.

Note: Soak up any spillage with an
absorbent cloth immediately.

OIL CHANGE INDICATOR RESET

Use the information display controls on the
steering wheel to reset the oil change
indicator.

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From the main menu scroll to:

Action and description

Message

Press the right arrow button,
then from this menu scroll to
the following message.

Settings

Press the right arrow button,
then from this menu scroll to
the following message.

Vehicle

Press the right arrow button,
then from this menu scroll to
the following message.

Oil Life

Press and hold the OK button
until the instrument cluster
displays the following
message.

Hold OK to
Reset

Reset Successful

When the oil change indicator
resets the instrument cluster
displays 100%.

Remaining Life

{00}%

Action and description

Message

If the instrument cluster
displays one of the following
messages, repeat the
process.

Not Reset

Reset Cancelled

ENGINE COOLANT CHECK

WARNING: Do not remove the

coolant reservoir cap when the cooling
system is hot. Wait 10 minutes for the
cooling system to cool down. Cover the
coolant reservoir cap with a thick cloth to
prevent the possibility of scalding and
slowly remove the cap. Failure to follow
this instruction could result in personal
injury.

WARNING: Do not put coolant in the

windshield washer reservoir. If sprayed on
the windshield, coolant could make it
difficult to see through the windshield.

WARNING: To reduce the risk of

personal injury, make sure the engine is
cool before unscrewing the coolant
pressure relief cap. The cooling system is
under pressure. Steam and hot liquid can
come out forcefully when you loosen the
cap slightly.

WARNING: Do not add coolant

further than the MAX mark.

When the engine is cold, check the
concentration and level of the coolant at the
intervals listed in the scheduled maintenance
information. See Scheduled Maintenance
(page 547).

Note: Make sure that the coolant level is
between the MIN and MAX marks on the
coolant reservoir.

Note: Coolant expands when it is hot. The
level may extend beyond the MAX mark.

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Maintain coolant concentration within 48%
to 50%, which equates to a freeze point
between -29°F (-34°C) and -35°F (-37°C).
Coolant concentration should be checked
using a refractometer. We do not recommend
the use of hydrometers or coolant test strips
for measuring coolant concentration.

Adding Coolant

WARNING: Do not add engine

coolant when the engine is hot. Failure to
follow this instruction could result in
personal injury.

WARNING: Do not remove the

coolant reservoir cap when the cooling
system is hot. Wait 10 minutes for the
cooling system to cool down. Cover the
coolant reservoir cap with a thick cloth to
prevent the possibility of scalding and
slowly remove the cap. Failure to follow
this instruction could result in personal
injury.

Note: Automotive fluids are not
interchangeable. Take care not to put
engine coolant in the windshield washer fluid
reservoir or windshield washer fluid in the
engine coolant reservoir.

Note: Do not use stop leak pellets, cooling
system sealants, or non-specified additives
as they can cause damage to the engine
cooling or heating systems. Resulting
component damage may not be covered by
the vehicle Warranty.

It is very important to use prediluted coolant
approved to the correct specification in order
to avoid plugging the small passageways in
the engine cooling system. See Capacities
and Specifications (page 418). Do not mix
different colors or types of coolant in your
vehicle. Mixing of engine coolants or using
an incorrect coolant may harm the engine or
cooling system components and may not be
covered by the vehicle Warranty.

Note: If prediluted coolant is not available,
use the approved concentrated coolant
diluting it to 50/50 with distilled water. See
Capacities and Specifications (page 418).
Using water that has not been deionised
may contribute to deposit formation,
corrosion and plugging of the small cooling
system passageways.

Note: Coolants marketed for all makes and
models may not be approved to our
specifications and may cause damage to
the cooling system. Resulting component
damage may not be covered by the vehicle
Warranty.

If the coolant level is at or below the
minimum mark, add prediluted coolant
immediately.

To top up the coolant level do the following:

1. Unscrew the cap slowly. Any pressure

escapes as you unscrew the cap.

2. Add prediluted coolant approved to the

correct specification. See Capacities and
Specifications (page 418).

3. Add enough prediluted coolant to reach

the correct level.

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4. Replace the coolant reservoir cap, turn

it clockwise until you feel a strong
resistance.

5. Check the coolant level in the coolant

reservoir the next few times you drive
your vehicle. If necessary, add enough
prediluted engine coolant to bring the
coolant level to the correct level.

If you have to add more than 1.1 qt (1 L) of
engine coolant per month, have your vehicle
checked as soon as possible. Operating an
engine with a low level of coolant can result
in engine overheating and possible engine
damage.

In case of emergency, you can add a large
amount of water without engine coolant in
order to reach a vehicle service location. In
this instance, qualified personnel:

1. Must drain the cooling system.

2. Chemically clean the coolant system.

3. Refill with engine coolant as soon as

possible.

Water alone, without engine coolant, can
cause engine damage from corrosion,
overheating or freezing.

Do not use the following as a coolant
substitute:
•

Alcohol.

•

Methanol.

•

Brine.

•

Any coolant mixed with alcohol or
methanol antifreeze.

Alcohol and other liquids can cause engine
damage from overheating or freezing.

Do not add extra inhibitors or additives to
the coolant. These can be harmful and
compromise the corrosion protection of the
coolant.

Recycled Coolant

We do not recommend the use of recycled
coolant as an approved recycling process is
not yet available.

Dispose of used engine coolant in an
appropriate manner. Follow your
community's regulations and standards for
recycling and disposing of automotive fluids.

Severe Climates

If you drive in extremely cold climates:
•

It may be necessary to increase the
coolant concentration above 50%.

•

A coolant concentration of 60% provides
improved freeze point protection.
Coolant concentrations above 60%
decrease the overheat protection
characteristics of the coolant and may
cause engine damage.

If you drive in extremely hot climates:
•

You can decrease the coolant
concentration to 40%.

•

Coolant concentrations below 40%
decrease the freeze and corrosion
protection characteristics of the coolant
and may cause engine damage.

Vehicles driven year-round in non-extreme
climates should use prediluted coolant for
optimum cooling system and engine
protection.

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Coolant Change

At specific mileage intervals, as listed in the
scheduled maintenance information, the
coolant should be changed. Add prediluted
coolant approved to the correct specification.
See Capacities and Specifications (page
418).

Fail-Safe Cooling

Fail-safe cooling allows you to temporarily
drive your vehicle before any incremental
component damage occurs. The fail-safe
distance depends on ambient temperature,
vehicle load and terrain.

How Fail-Safe Cooling Works

If the engine begins to overheat,
the coolant temperature gauge
moves toward the red zone:

A warning lamp illuminates and a
message may appear in the
information display.

If the engine reaches a preset
over-temperature condition, the engine
automatically switches to alternating cylinder
operation. Each disabled cylinder acts as an
air pump and cools the engine.

When this occurs, your vehicle still operates,
however:
•

Engine power is limited.

•

The air conditioning system turns off.

Continued operation increases the engine
temperature, causing the engine to
completely shut down. Your steering and
braking effort increases in this situation.

When the engine temperature cools, you can
re-start the engine. Have your vehicle
checked as soon as possible to minimize
engine damage.

When Fail-Safe Mode Is Activated

WARNING: Fail-safe mode is for use

during emergencies only. Operate your
vehicle in fail-safe mode only as long as
necessary to bring your vehicle to rest in
a safe location and seek immediate repairs.
When in fail-safe mode, your vehicle will
have limited power, will not be able to
maintain high-speed operation, and may
completely shut down without warning,
potentially losing engine power, power
steering assist, and power brake assist,
which may increase the possibility of a
crash resulting in serious injury.

WARNING: Do not remove the

coolant reservoir cap when the cooling
system is hot. Wait 10 minutes for the
cooling system to cool down. Cover the
coolant reservoir cap with a thick cloth to
prevent the possibility of scalding and
slowly remove the cap. Failure to follow
this instruction could result in personal
injury.

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Your vehicle has limited engine power when
in the fail-safe mode, drive your vehicle with
caution. Your vehicle does not maintain
high-speed operation and the engine may
operate poorly.

Remember that the engine is capable of
automatically shutting down to prevent
engine damage. In this situation:

1. Pull off the road as soon as safely

possible and switch the engine off.

2. If you are a member of a roadside

assistance program, we recommend that
you contact your roadside assistance
service provider.

3. If this is not possible, wait a short period

for the engine to cool.

4. Check the coolant level. If the coolant

level is at or below the minimum mark,
add prediluted coolant immediately.

5. When the engine temperature cools, you

can re-start the engine. Have your vehicle
checked as soon as possible to minimize
engine damage.

Note: Driving your vehicle without repair
increases the chance of engine damage.

Engine Coolant Temperature
Management

(If Equipped)

WARNING: To reduce the risk of

crash and injury, be prepared that the
vehicle speed may reduce and the vehicle
may not be able to accelerate with full
power until the coolant temperature
reduces.

If you tow a trailer with your vehicle, the
engine may temporarily reach a higher
temperature during severe operating
conditions, for example ascending a long or
steep grade in high ambient temperatures.

At this time, you may notice the coolant
temperature gauge moves toward the red
zone and a message may appear in the
information display.

You may notice a reduction in vehicle speed
caused by reduced engine power in order
to manage the engine coolant temperature.
Your vehicle may enter this mode if certain
high-temperature and high-load conditions
take place. The amount of speed reduction
depends on vehicle loading, grade and
ambient temperature. If this occurs, there is
no need to stop your vehicle. You can
continue to drive.

The air conditioning may automatically turn
on and off during severe operating
conditions to protect the engine from
overheating. When the coolant temperature
decreases to the normal operating
temperature, the air conditioning turns on.

If the coolant temperature gauge moves fully
into the red zone, or if the coolant
temperature warning or service engine soon
messages appear in your information display,
do the following:

1. Stop your vehicle as soon as it is safe to

do so. Fully apply the parking brake, shift
into park (P) or neutral (N).

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2. Leave the engine running until the

coolant temperature gauge needle
returns to the normal position. After
several minutes, if the temperature does
not drop, follow the remaining steps.

3. Switch the engine off and wait for it to

cool. Check the coolant level.

4. If the coolant level is at or below the

minimum mark, add prediluted coolant
immediately.

5. If the coolant level is normal, restart the

engine and continue.

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION
FLUID CHECK

If required, have an authorized dealer check
and change the transmission fluid at the
correct service interval. See Scheduled
Maintenance (page 547).

The automatic transmission does not have
a transmission fluid dipstick.

Refer to your scheduled maintenance
information for scheduled intervals for fluid
checks and changes. Your transmission does
not consume fluid. However, if the
transmission slips, shifts slowly or if you
notice a sign of leaking fluid, contact an
authorized dealer.

Do not use supplemental transmission fluid
additives, treatments or cleaning agents. The
use of these materials may affect
transmission operation and result in damage
to internal transmission components.

TRANSFER CASE FLUID CHECK

(IF

EQUIPPED)

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1. Clean the area around the filler plug.

2. Remove the filler plug.
3. Inspect the fluid level. The fluid level

should be within 0.20 in (5 mm) from the
bottom of the hole.

4. Add fluid through the filler opening. Fill

to the bottom of the opening.

Use only fluid that meets our specifications.
See Capacities and Specifications (page
418).

BRAKE FLUID CHECK

WARNING: Do not use any fluid other

than the recommended brake fluid as this
will reduce brake efficiency. Use of
incorrect fluid could result in the loss of
vehicle control, serious personal injury or
death.

WARNING: Only use brake fluid from

a sealed container. Contamination with dirt,
water, petroleum products or other
materials may result in brake system
damage or failure. Failure to adhere to this
warning could result in the loss of vehicle
control, serious personal injury or death.

WARNING: Do not allow the fluid to

touch your skin or eyes. If this happens,
rinse the affected areas immediately with
plenty of water and contact your physician.

WARNING: A fluid level between the

MAX and MIN lines is within the normal
operating range and there is no need to
add fluid. A fluid level not in the normal
operating range could compromise the
performance of the system. Have your
vehicle checked immediately.

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To avoid fluid contamination, the reservoir
cap must remain in place and fully tight,
unless you are adding fluid.

Only use fluid that meets Ford specifications.
See Capacities and Specifications (page
418).

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WASHER FLUID CHECK

WARNING: If you operate your

vehicle in temperatures below 41.0°F (5°C),
use washer fluid with antifreeze protection.
Failure to use washer fluid with antifreeze
protection in cold weather could result in
impaired windshield vision and increase
the risk of injury or accident.

Note: The front and rear washer systems
are supplied from the same reservoir.

Add fluid to fill the reservoir if the level is low.
Only use a washer fluid that meets our
specifications. See Capacities and
Specifications (page 418).

State or local regulations on volatile organic
compounds may restrict the use of methanol,
a common windshield washer antifreeze
additive. Washer fluids containing
non-methanol antifreeze agents should be
used only if they provide cold weather
protection without damaging the vehicle’s
paint finish, wiper blades or washer system.

FUEL FILTER

Your vehicle is equipped with a lifetime fuel
filter that is integrated with the fuel tank.
Regular maintenance or replacement is not
needed.

CHANGING THE 12V BATTERY

WARNING: Batteries normally

produce explosive gases which can cause
personal injury. Therefore, do not allow
flames, sparks or lighted substances to
come near the battery. When working near
the battery, always shield your face and
protect your eyes. Always provide correct
ventilation.

WARNING: When lifting a

plastic-cased battery, excessive pressure
on the end walls could cause acid to flow
through the vent caps, resulting in personal
injury and damage to the vehicle or battery.
Lift the battery with a battery carrier or with
your hands on opposite corners.

WARNING: Keep batteries out of

reach of children. Batteries contain sulfuric
acid. Avoid contact with skin, eyes or
clothing. Shield your eyes when working
near the battery to protect against possible
splashing of acid solution. In case of acid
contact with skin or eyes, flush immediately
with water for a minimum of 15 minutes and
get prompt medical attention. If acid is
swallowed, call a physician immediately.

WARNING: Battery posts, terminals

and related accessories contain lead and
lead compounds, chemicals known to the
State of California to cause cancer and
reproductive harm. Wash your hands after
handling.

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WARNING: This vehicle may have

more than one battery. Removing the
battery cables from only one battery does
not disconnect your vehicle electrical
system. Make sure you disconnect the
battery cables from all batteries when
disconnecting power. Failure to do so may
cause serious personal injury or property
damage.

Your vehicle is fitted with a Motorcraft
maintenance-free battery which normally
does not require additional water.

When a battery replacement is required, you
must use a recommended replacement
battery that matches the electrical
requirements of the vehicle.

Note: After cleaning or replacing the battery,
make sure you reinstall the battery cover or
shield.

Note: If you add electrical accessories or
components to the vehicle, it may adversely
affect the low voltage battery performance
and durability. This may also affect the
performance of other electrical systems in
the vehicle.

For longer, trouble-free operation, keep the
top of the battery clean and dry.

If you see any corrosion on the battery or
terminals, remove the cables from the
terminals and clean with a wire brush. You
can neutralize the acid with a solution of
baking soda and water.

Because your vehicle’s engine is
electronically controlled by a computer, some
control conditions are maintained by power
from the battery. When the battery is
disconnected or a new battery is installed,
the engine must relearn its idle and fuel trim
strategy for optimum driveability and
performance. Flexible fuel vehicles (FFV)
must also relearn the ethanol content of the
fuel for optimum driveability and
performance.

To restore the settings, do the following:

1. Apply the parking brake.

2. Shift into park (P) or neutral (N).

3. Switch off all accessories.
4. Press the brake pedal and start your

vehicle.

5. Run the engine until it reaches normal

operating temperature. While the engine
is warming up, complete the following:
Reset the clock. Reset the power
windows bounce-back feature. See
Windows and Mirrors (page 105). Reset
the radio station presets. See Audio
System (page 432).

6. Allow the engine to idle for at least one

minute.

7. Drive the vehicle at least 10 mi (16 km) to

completely relearn the idle trim and fuel
trim strategy.

Note: If you do not allow the engine to
relearn the idle and fuel trim strategy, the
idle quality of your vehicle may be adversely
affected until the engine computer
eventually relearns the idle trim and fuel trim
strategy.

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Note: For flexible fuel vehicles, if you are
operating on E85, you may experience poor
starts or an inability to start the engine and
driveability problems until the fuel trim and
ethanol content have been relearned.

Make sure that you dispose of old batteries
in an environmentally friendly way. Seek
advice from your local authority about
recycling old batteries.

If storing your vehicle for more than 30 days
without recharging the battery, we
recommend that you disconnect the negative
battery cable to maintain battery charge for
quick starting.

Battery Management System

(If Equipped)

The battery management system monitors
battery conditions and takes actions to
extend battery life. If excessive battery drain
is detected, the system temporarily disables
some electrical systems to protect the
battery.

Systems included are:
•

Heated rear window.

•

Heated seats.

•

Climate control.

•

Heated steering wheel.

•

Audio unit.

•

Navigation system.

A message may appear in the information
displays to alert you that battery protection
actions are active. These messages are only
for notification that an action is taking place,
and not intended to indicate an electrical
problem or that the battery requires
replacement.

After battery replacement, or in some cases
after charging the battery with an external
charger, the battery management system
requires eight hours of vehicle sleep time to
relearn the battery state of charge. During
this time your vehicle must remain fully
locked with the ignition switched off.

Note: Prior to relearning the battery state of
charge, the battery management system
may temporarily disable some electrical
systems.

Electrical Accessory Installation

To make sure the battery management
system works correctly, do not connect an
electrical device ground connection directly
to the battery negative post. This can cause
inaccurate measurements of the battery
condition and potential incorrect system
operation.

Note: If you add electrical accessories or
components to the vehicle, it may adversely
affect battery performance and durability.
This may also affect the performance of
other electrical systems in the vehicle.

CHECKING THE WIPER BLADES

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Run the tip of your fingers over the edge of
the blade to check for roughness.

Clean the wiper blades with washer fluid or
water applied with a soft sponge or cloth.

CHANGING THE WIPER BLADES

Note: Do not hold the wiper blade when
lifting the wiper arm.

E165804

1. Pull the wiper blade and arm away from

the glass.

E205141

2

3

4

2. Lift the wiper blade primary locking clip.

3. Press the wiper blade secondary locking

clip.

4. Remove the wiper blade.

Note: Make sure that the wiper arm does
not spring back against the glass when the
wiper blade is not attached.

5. Install in the reverse order.

Note: Make sure that the wiper blade locks
into place.

ADJUSTING THE HEADLAMPS

Vertical Aim Adjustment

The headlamps on your vehicle are properly
aimed at the assembly plant. If your vehicle
has been in an accident, contact an
authorized dealer to check and realign your
headlamps.

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