Dodge Durango (DN). Manual — part 28
CAMBER AND CASTER ADJUSTMENT
Camber and caster angle adjustments involve
changing the position of the upper suspension arm
pivot bar (Fig. 3).
NOTE: On 4x2 vehicles use Alignment Tool 8393 for
alignment. The tool attaches to the pivot bar on the
upper control arm.
CASTER
Moving the rear position of the pivot bar in or out,
will change the caster angle significantly and camber
angle only slightly. To maintain the camber angle
while adjusting caster, move the rear of the pivot bar
in or out. Then move the front of the pivot bar
slightly in the opposite direction.
To increase positive caster angle, move the rear
position of the pivot bar inward (toward the engine).
Move the front of pivot bar outward (away from the
engine) slightly until the original camber angle is
obtained.
CAMBER
Move the front of the pivot bar in or out. This will
change the camber angle significantly and caster
angle slightly.
After adjustment is made tighten the pivot bar
nuts to proper torque specification.
TOE ADJUSTMENT
The wheel toe position adjustment is the final
adjustment.
(1) Start the engine and turn wheels both ways
before straightening the wheels. Secure the steering
wheel with the front wheels in the straight-ahead
position.
(2) Loosen the tie rod jam nuts.
NOTE: Each front wheel should be adjusted for
one-half of the total toe position specification. This
will ensure the steering wheel will be centered
when the wheels are positioned straight-ahead.
(3) Adjust the wheel toe position by turning the tie
rod as necessary (Fig. 4).
(4) Tighten the tie rod jam nut to 75 N·m (55 ft.
lbs.).
(5) Verify the specifications
(6) Turn off engine.
Fig. 3 Caster & Camber Adjustment-Typical
1 – PIVOT BAR
2 – + CASTER
3 – + CAMBER
4 – UPPER ARM SUSPENSION
Fig. 4 Toe Adjustment
1 – JAM NUT
2 – TIE ROD
3 – TIE ROD END
2 - 4
SUSPENSION
DN
SERVICE PROCEDURES (Continued)
SPECIFICATIONS
ALIGNMENT
VEHICLE
CASTER (
6
0.50°)
CAMBER (
6
0.50°)
TOTAL TOE (
6
0.06°)
4x2
3.10°
−0.25°
0.10°
4x4
3.30°
−0.25°
0.10°
MAX RT to LT
DIFFERENCE
0.50°
0.50°
0.06
THRUST ANGLE 0°
6
0.4°
NOTE: All alignment specifications are in degrees.
DN
SUSPENSION
2 - 5
FRONT SUSPENSION - 4x2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
page
page
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
FRONT SUSPENSION - 4X2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
SHOCK ABSORBERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
COIL SPRINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
STEERING KNUCKLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
SUSPENSION ARMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
STABILIZER BAR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
LOWER BALL JOINT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
UPPER BALL JOINT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
SHOCK DIAGNOSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION
SHOCK ABSORBER. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
COIL SPRING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
STEERING KNUCKLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
LOWER SUSPENSION ARM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
UPPER SUSPENSION ARM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
STABILIZER BAR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
HUB/BEARING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
WHEEL MOUNTING STUDS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
SPECIFICATIONS
TORQUE CHART . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
SPECIAL TOOLS
FRONT SUSPENSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
FRONT SUSPENSION - 4X2
DESCRIPTION
The front suspension is designed to allow each
wheel to adapt to different road surfaces indepen-
dently. The wheels are mounted to hub bearings on
the cast iron steering knuckle spindles. The double-
row hub bearings are sealed and lubricated for life.
The steering knuckles turn (pivot) on ball joints riv-
eted to the outboard portion of the suspension arms.
The ball joints are lubricated for life.
The 4x2 front suspension is comprised of (Fig. 1) :
CAUTION: Components attached with a nut and
cotter pin must be torqued to specification. Then if
the slot in the nut does not line up with the cotter
pin hole, tighten nut until it is aligned. Never loosen
the nut to align the cotter pin hole.
CAUTION: Suspension components with rubber/
urethane bushings (except stabilizer bar) should be
tightened with the vehicle at normal ride height. It is
important to have the springs supporting the weight
of the vehicle when the fasteners are torqued. If
springs are not at their normal ride position, vehicle
ride comfort could be affected and premature bush-
ing wear may occur.
• Shock absorbers
• Coil springs
• Suspension arms
• Stabilizer bar
• Jounce/Rebound Bumpers
• Steering Knuckle
SHOCK ABSORBERS
DESCRIPTION
The top of the low-pressure gas charged shock are
bolted to the frame. The bottom of the shock are
bolted to the lower suspension arm.
OPERATION
The shock absorbers dampen jounce and rebound
of the vehicle over various road conditions.
Fig. 1 Front Suspension - 4X2
1 – UPPER SUSPENSION ARM
2 – STEERING KNUCKLE
3 – COIL SPRING
4 – LOWER SUSPENSION ARM
5 – STABILIZER BAR
2 - 6
SUSPENSION
DN
COIL SPRINGS
DESCRIPTION
The springs mount between the lower suspension
arms and frame rail spring seats. A rubber isolator
seats on top off the spring to help prevent noise.
OPERATION
The coil springs control ride quality and maintain
proper ride height.
STEERING KNUCKLE
DESCRIPTION
The knuckle is a single casting with legs machined
for the upper and lower ball joints. The knuckle also
has machined mounting locations for the front brake
calipers and hub bearing.
OPERATION
The steering knuckle pivot between the upper and
lower ball joint. Steering linkage attached to the
knuckle allows the vehicle to be steered.
SUSPENSION ARMS
DESCRIPTION
The upper suspension arm bolts on frame brackets
through the arm pivot shaft. The frame brackets
have slotted holes which allow the arms to be
adjusted for caster and camber. Pivot shaft bushings
are not replaceable.
The lower suspension arms bolt to the lower frame
brackets and pivot through bushings, these bushings
are not replaceable.
The suspension arms have lube for life riveted ball
studs. The suspension arm travel (jounce) is limited
through the use of urethane bumpers. Rebound
travel is limited by the shock absorber.
STABILIZER BAR
DESCRIPTION
The bar extends across the front underside of the
chassis and mounts on the frame rails. Links con-
nected the bar to the lower suspension arms. Stabi-
lizer bar mounts are isolated by rubber bushings.
Links are isolated with rubber grommets.
OPERATION
The stabilizer bar is used to minimize vehicle front
sway during turns. The spring steel bar helps to con-
trol the vehicle body in relationship to the suspen-
sion.
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
LOWER BALL JOINT
(1) Raise the front of the vehicle. Place safety floor
stands under both lower suspension arms as far out-
board as possible. Lower the vehicle to allow the
stands to support some or all of the vehicle weight.
NOTE: The upper suspension arms must not con-
tact the rebound bumpers.
(2) Remove the tire and wheel assemblies.
(3) Mount a dial indicator solidly under the lower
suspension arm.
(4) Position indicator plunger against the bottom
of the steering knuckle lower ball joint boss.
NOTE: The dial indicator plunger must be perpen-
dicular to the machined surface of the steering
knuckle lower ball joint boss (Fig. 2).
(5) Position a pry bar over the top of the upper
suspension arm and under the pivot bar of the upper
suspension arm. Pry down on the upper suspension
arm and then zero the dial indicator.
(6) Reposition the pry bar under the upper suspen-
sion arm and on top of the frame rail. Pry up on the
upper suspension arm and record the dial indicator
reading.
(7) If the travel exceeds 1.52 mm (0.060 in.),
replace the lower suspension arm.
Fig. 2 Lower Ball Joint Boss
1 – BALL JOINT BOSS
2 – STEERING KNUCKLE
3 – DIAL INDICATOR
DN
SUSPENSION
2 - 7
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION (Continued)
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