Dodge Neon / Neon SRT-4. Manual — part 22
STEERING AXIS INCLINATION (S. A. I.)
Steering axis inclination is the angle between a
true vertical line starting at the center of the tire at
the road contact point and a line drawn through the
center of the upper ball joint (or strut) and the lower
ball joint (Fig. 5). S.A.I. is built into the vehicle and
is not an adjustable angle. If S.A.I. is not within
specifications, a bent or damaged suspension compo-
nent may be the cause.
INCLUDED ANGLE (I. A.)
Included angle is the sum of the S.A.I. angle plus
or minus the camber angle, depending on whether or
not the wheel has positive or negative camber (Fig.
5). If camber is positive, add the camber angle to the
S.A.I. angle. If camber is negative, subtract the cam-
ber angle from the S.A.I. angle. Included angle is not
adjustable, but can be used to diagnose a frame mis-
alignment or bent suspension component (spindle,
strut).
THRUST ANGLE
Thrust angle is the averaged direction the rear
wheels are pointing in relation to the vehicle’s center
line (Fig. 6). The presence of negative or positive
thrust angle causes the rear tires to track improperly
to the left or right of the front tires (dog tracking).
Fig. 3 Toe
1 - TOE-IN
2 - TOE-OUT
Fig. 4 Toe-Out On Turns
1 - TOE-OUT ON TURNS
Fig. 5 S.A.I. and I.A.
1 - S.A.I.
2 - CAMBER
3 - I.A.
2 - 50
WHEEL ALIGNMENT
PL/SRT-4
WHEEL ALIGNMENT (Continued)
• Negative thrust angle means the rear tires are
tracking to the left of the front tires.
• Positive thrust angle means the rear tires are
tracking to the right of the front tires.
Improper tracking can cause undue tire wear, a
lead or pull and a crooked steering wheel. Excessive
thrust angle can usually be corrected by adjusting
the rear wheel toe so that each wheel has one-half of
the total toe measurement.
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - SUSPENSION AND STEERING
CONDITION
POSSIBLE CAUSES
POTENTIAL CORRECTIONS
Front End Whine On Turns
1. Defective Wheel Bearing
1. Replace Wheel Bearing
2. Incorrect Wheel Alignment
2. Check And Reset Wheel Alignment
3. Worn Tires
3. Replace Tires
Front End Growl Or
Grinding On Turns
1. Defective Wheel Bearing
1. Replace Wheel Bearing
2. Engine Mount Grounding
Against Frame Or Body Of Vehicle.
2. Check For Motor Mount Hitting Frame
Rail And Reposition Engine As Required
3. Worn Or Broken C/V Joint
3. Replace C/V Joint
4. Loose Wheel Lug Nuts
4. Verify Wheel Lug Nut Torque
5. Incorrect Wheel Alignment
5. Check And Reset Wheel Alignment
6. Worn Tires
6. Replace Tires
Front End Clunk Or Snap
On Turns
1. Loose Wheel Lug Nuts
1. Verify Wheel Lug Nut Torque
2. Worn Or Broken C/V Joint
2. Replace C/V Joint
3. Worn Or Loose Tie Rod Or Ball
Joint
3. Tighten Or Replace Tie Rod End Or Ball
Joint
4. Worn Control Arm Bushing
4. Replace Control Arm Bushing
5. Loose Sway Bar Or Upper Strut
Attachment
5. Tighten Sway Bar Or Upper Strut
Attachment To Specified Torque
Front End Whine With
Vehicle Going Straight At A
Constant Speed
1. Defective Wheel Bearing
1. Replace Wheel Bearing
Fig. 6 Thrust Angle
PL/SRT-4
WHEEL ALIGNMENT
2 - 51
WHEEL ALIGNMENT (Continued)
CONDITION
POSSIBLE CAUSES
POTENTIAL CORRECTIONS
2. Incorrect Wheel Alignment
2. Check And Reset Wheel Alignment
3. Worn Tires
3. Replace Tires
Front End Growl Or
Grinding With Vehicle
Going Straight At A
Constant Speed
1. Engine Mount Grounding
1. Reposition Engine As Required
2. Worn Or Broken C/V Joint
2. Replace C/V Joint
Front End Whine When
Accelerating Or
Decelerating
1. Worn Or Defective Transaxle
Gears Or Bearings
1. Replace Transaxle Gears Or Bearings
Front End Clunk When
Accelerating Or
Decelerating
1. Worn Or Broken Engine Mount
1. Replace Engine Mount
2. Worn Or Defective Transaxle
Gears Or Bearings
2. Replace Transaxle Gears Or Bearings
3. Loose Wheel Lug Nuts
3. Verify Wheel Lug Nut Torque
4. Worn Or Broken C/V Joint
4. Replace C/V Joint
5. Worn Or Loose Ball Joint
5. Tighten Or Replace Ball Joint
6. Worn Or Loose Control Arm
Bushing
6. Tighten To Specified Torque Or Replace
Control Arm Bushing
7. Loose Crossmember Bolts
7. Tighten Crossmember Bolts To Specified
Torque
Road Wander
1. Incorrect Tire Pressure
1. Inflate Tires To Rcommended Pressure
2. Incorrect Front Or Rear Wheel Toe
2. Check And Reset Front Wheel Toe
3. Worn Wheel Bearings
3. Replace Wheel Bearing
4. Worn Control Arm Bushings
4. Replace Control Arm Bushing
5. Excessive Friction In Steering
Gear
5. Replace Steering Gear
6. Excessive Friction In Steering
Shaft Coupling
6. Replace Steering Coupler
7. Excessive Friction In Strut Upper
Bearing
7. Replace Strut Bearing
Lateral Pull
1. Unequal Tire Pressure
1. Inflate All Tires To Recommended
Pressure
2. Radial Tire Lead
2. Perform Vehicle Lead Diagnosis And
Correction Procedure - Refer To Tires And
Wheels
3. Incorrect Front Wheel Camber
3. Check And Reset Front Wheel Camber
4. Power Steering Gear Imbalance
4. Replace Power Steering Gear
5. Wheel Braking
5. Correct Braking Condition Causing
Lateral Pull
Excessive Steering Free
Play
1. Incorrect Steering Gear
Adjustment
1. Adjust Or Replace Steering Gear
2. Worn Or Loose Tie Rod Ends
2. Replace Or Tighten Tie Rod Ends
2 - 52
WHEEL ALIGNMENT
PL/SRT-4
WHEEL ALIGNMENT (Continued)
CONDITION
POSSIBLE CAUSES
POTENTIAL CORRECTIONS
3. Loose Steering Gear Mounting
Bolts
3. Tighten Steering Gear Bolts To The
Specified Torque
4. Loose Or Worn Steering Shaft
Coupler
4. Replace Steering Shaft Coupler
Excessive Steering Effort
1. Low Tire Pressure
1. Inflate All Tires To Recommended
Pressure
2. Lack Of Lubricant In Steering
Gear
2. Replace Steering Gear
3. Low Power Steering Fluid Level
3. Fill Power Steering Fluid Reservoir To
Correct Level
4. Loose Power Steering Pump Belt
4. Check and replace automatic belt
tensioner as necessary. If drive belt is worn
or glazed, replace belt.
5. Lack Of Lubricant In Steering Ball
Joints
5. Lubricate Or Replace Steering Ball Joints
6. Steering Gear Malfunction
6. Replace Steering Gear
7. Lack Of Lubricant In Steering
Coupler
7. Replace Steering Coupler
STANDARD PROCEDURE
STANDARD PROCEDURE - WHEEL ALIGNMENT
PRE-WHEEL ALIGNMENT VEHICLE INSPECTION
CAUTION: If during the inspection the front suspen-
sion crossmember shows any sign of impact dam-
age, the steering column lower coupling must be
inspected. Refer to STEERING/COLUMN.
Before any attempt is made to change or correct
the wheel alignment, the following inspection and
necessary corrections must be made to the vehicle to
ensure proper alignment.
(1) Be sure the fuel tank is full of fuel. If the fuel
tank is not full, the reduction in weight will affect
the curb height of the vehicle and the alignment
specifications.
(2) The passenger and luggage compartments of
the vehicle should be free of any load that is not fac-
tory equipment.
(3) Check the tires on the vehicle. The tires are to
be inflated to the recommended air pressure. All tires
must be the same size and in good condition with
approximately the same tread wear.
(4) Check the front tire and wheel assemblies for
excessive radial runout.
(5) Inspect all suspension component fasteners for
looseness and torque.
(6) Inspect the lower front ball joints and all steer-
ing linkage for looseness and any sign of wear or
damage.
(7) Inspect the rubber bushings on all the suspen-
sion components for signs of wear or deterioration. If
any bushings show signs of wear or deterioration,
they should be replaced prior to aligning the vehicle.
WHEEL ALIGNMENT SETUP
(1) Position the vehicle on an alignment rack.
(2) Install all required alignment equipment on
the vehicle, per the alignment equipment manufac-
turer’s instructions. On this vehicle, a four-wheel
alignment is recommended.
NOTE: Prior to reading the vehicle’s alignment
readouts, the front and rear of vehicle should be
jounced. Induce jounce (rear first, then front) by
grasping the center of the bumper and jouncing
each end of vehicle an equal number of times. The
bumper should always be released when vehicle is
at the bottom of the jounce cycle.
(3) Read the vehicle’s current front and rear align-
ment settings. Compare the vehicle’s current align-
ment settings to the vehicle specifications for camber,
caster and toe-in. (Refer to 2 - SUSPENSION/
WHEEL ALIGNMENT - SPECIFICATIONS)
(4) If the rear alignment is out of specification,
adjust it first before proceeding to the front.
PL/SRT-4
WHEEL ALIGNMENT
2 - 53
WHEEL ALIGNMENT (Continued)
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