Jaguar X-Type Sedan and Estate (Wagon). Service manual — part 24

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Published: 11-May-2011

Suspension System - General Information - Suspension System

Diagnosis and Testing

Inspection and Verification

1. Verify the customer's concern by carrying out a road test on a smooth road. If any vibrations are apparent, refer to Section

100-04

Noise, Vibration and Harshness

.

1.

2. Visually inspect for obvious signs of mechanical damage.

2.

Visual Inspection Chart

Mechanical

Damaged tires
W heel bearing(s)
Loose or damaged front or rear suspension components
Loose, damaged or missing suspension retainer(s)
Incorrect spring usage
Damaged or sagging spring(s)
Damaged or leaking shock absorber(s)
Damaged or leaking strut(s)
W orn or damaged suspension bushing(s)
Loose, worn or damaged steering system components
Damaged axle components

3. If an obvious cause for an observed or reported condition is found, correct the cause (if possible) before proceeding to the next

step.

3.

4. If the fault is not visually evident, verify the symptom and refer to the following Symptom Chart.

4.

Symptom Chart

Symptom

Possible Sources

Action

Crabbing

Incorrect rear thrust angle.

CHECK the rear subframe alignment. For additional information, refer toSection

502-00 Uni-Body, Subframe and Mounting System

.

Front or rear suspension
components.

INSPECT the front and rear suspension systems. REPAIR or INSTALL new
suspension components as necessary. For additional information, refer toSection

204-01 Front Suspension

orSection

204-02 Rear Suspension

.

Drive axle damaged.

INSTALL a new drive axle. For additional information, refer toSection

205-02 Rear

Drive Axle/Differential

.

Drift/Pull

Unequal tire pressure.

CHECK and ADJUST the tire pressures. INSPECT the tire for excessive wear. For
additional information, refer to Section

204-04 Wheels and Tires

.

Incorrect wheel alignment.

CHECK and ADJUST the wheel alignment. For additional information, refer to

Toe

Adjustment—Front

in this section.

Tires.

CHECK and ADJUST the tire pressures. INSPECT the tire for excessive wear. For
additional information, refer to Section

204-04 Wheels and Tires

.

Unevenly loaded or overloaded
vehicle.

NOTIFY the customer of incorrect vehicle loading.

Damaged steering components.

CHECK the steering system. For additional information, refer to Section

211-00

Steering System - General Information

.

Brake drag.

CHECK the brakes. For additional information, refer toSection

206-00 Brake

System - General Information

.

Front Bottoming or
Riding Low

Spring(s).

CHECK the ride height. INSTALL new springs as necessary. For additional
information, refer to Section

204-01 Front Suspension

.

Incorrect Tire Wear

Incorrect tire pressure (rapid
center rib or inner and outer
edge wear).

CHECK and ADJUST the tire pressure. INSPECT the tire for excessive wear. For
additional information, refer to Section

204-04 Wheels and Tires

.

Excessive front or rear toe
(rapid inner or outer edge
wear).

CHECK and ADJUST the wheel alignment. For additional information, refer to

Toe

Adjustment—Front

or

Toe Adjustment—Rear

in this section.

Tires out of balance (tires
cupped or dished).

BALANCE the tires.

Rough Ride

Spring(s).

CHECK and INSTALL new springs as necessary. For additional information, refer
to Section

204-01 Front Suspension

orSection

204-02 Rear Suspension

.

Shock absorber(s).

CHECK and INSTALL new shock absorbers as necessary. For additional
information, refer to Section

204-01 Front Suspension

orSection

204-02 Rear

Suspension

.

Shimmy or Wheel
Tramp

Loose wheel nut(s).

CHECK and TIGHTEN the wheel nuts to specification. For additional information,
refer to Section

204-04 Wheels and Tires

.

Loose front suspension
retainers.

CHECK and TIGHTEN the suspension retainers to specification. For additional
information, refer to Section

204-01 Front Suspension

.

Front wheel bearing(s).

CHECK the wheel bearings. For additional information, refer to

Wheel Bearing

Inspection—Front and Rear

in this section.

W heels/tires.

CHECK the wheels/tires. BALANCE or INSTALL new wheels/tires as necessary. For
additional information, refer to Section

204-04 Wheels and Tires

.

Shock absorber(s).

CHECK and INSTALL new shock absorbers as necessary. For additional
information, refer to Section

204-01 Front Suspension

orSection

204-02 Rear

Suspension

.

Spring(s).

CHECK and INSTALL new springs as necessary. For additional information, refer
to Section

204-01 Front Suspension

orSection

204-02 Rear Suspension

.

Loose, worn or damaged ball
joint(s).

CHECK the Ball Joint(s). For additional information, refer to Ball Joint inspection
in this section.

Loose, worn or damaged
steering components.

CHECK and INSTALL new components as necessary. For additional information,
refer to Section

211-00 Steering System - General Information

.

Front wheel alignment.

CHECK and ADJUST the front wheel alignment. For additional information, refer
to

Toe Adjustment—Front

in this section.

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Poor Returnability of
the steering.

Ball joints.

CHECK the Ball Joint(s). For additional information, refer to Ball Joint inspection
in this section.

Steering components.

CHECK and INSTALL new components as necessary. For additional information,
refer to Section

211-00 Steering System - General Information

.

Steering wheel
off-center

Unequal front or rear toe
settings.

CHECK and ADJUST the wheel alignment. For additional information, refer to

Toe

Adjustment—Front

or

Toe Adjustment—Rear

in this section.

Steering components.

CHECK and INSTALL new components as necessary. For additional information,
refer to Section

211-00 Steering System - General Information

.

Sway or roll

Overloaded, unevenly or
incorrectly loaded vehicle.

NOTIFY the customer of incorrect vehicle loading.

Loose wheel nut(s).

CHECK and TIGHTEN the wheel nut(s) to specification. For additional
information, refer to Section

204-04 W heels and Tires

.

Spring(s).

CHECK and INSTALL new springs as necessary. For additional information, refer
to Section

204-01 Front Suspension

orSection

204-02 Rear Suspension

.

Shock absorber(s).

CHECK and INSTALL new shock absorbers as necessary. For additional
information, refer to Section

204-01 Front Suspension

orSection

204-02 Rear

Suspension

.

Loose front stabilizer bar or
rear stabilizer bar.

CHECK and TIGHTEN the stabilizer bar to specification. For additional
information, refer to Section

204-01 Front Suspension

orSection

204-02 Rear

Suspension

.

W orn lower suspension arm
stabilizer bar bushing.

INSTALL new lower suspension arm stabilizer bar bushing as necessary. For
additional information, refer to Section

204-01 Front Suspension

orSection

204-02 Rear Suspension

.

Vehicle Leans to One
Side

Unevenly loaded or overloaded
vehicle.

NOTIFY the customer of incorrect vehicle loading.

Front or rear suspension
components.

INSPECT the front and rear suspension systems. REPAIR or INSTALL new
suspension components as necessary. For additional information, refer toSection

204-01 Front Suspension

orSection

204-02 Rear Suspension

.

Shock absorber(s).

CHECK and INSTALL new shock absorbers as necessary. For additional
information, refer to Section

204-01 Front Suspension

orSection

204-02 Rear

Suspension

.

Spring(s).

CHECK and INSTALL new springs as necessary. For additional information, refer
to Section

204-01 Front Suspension

orSection

204-02 Rear Suspension

.

Incorrect ride height. Lateral
tilt out of specification.

CHECK the ride height. INSTALL new springs as necessary. For additional
information, refer to Section

204-01 Front Suspension

orSection

204-02 Rear

Suspension

.

Vibration/Noise

Tires/wheels.
W heel bearings.
W heel hubs.
Brake components.
Suspension components.
Steering components.

CHECK and INSTALL new components as necessary. For additional information,
refer to Section

100-04 Noise, Vibration and Harshness

.

W ander

Unevenly loaded or overloaded
vehicle.

NOTIFY the customer of incorrect vehicle loading.

Ball joint(s).

CHECK the Ball Joint(s). For additional information, refer to Ball Joint inspection
in this section.

Front wheel bearing(s).

CHECK the wheel bearings. For additional information, refer to

Wheel Bearing

Inspection—Front and Rear

in this section.

Loose, worn or damaged
suspension components.

CHECK and INSTALL new suspension components as necessary. For additional
information, refer to Section

204-01 Front Suspension

orSection

204-02 Rear

Suspension

.

Loose suspension retainers.

CHECK and TIGHTEN the suspension retainers to specification. For additional
information, refer to Section

204-01 Front Suspension

orSection

204-02 Rear

Suspension

.

Steering components.

CHECK and INSTALL new steering components. For additional information, refer
toSection

211-00 Steering System - General Information

.

W heel alignment (excessive
total front toe-out).

CHECK and ADJUST the front wheel alignment. For additional information, refer
to

Toe Adjustment—Front

in this section.

Component Tests

Ball Joint Inspection

1. Raise and support the vehicle. For additional information, refer toSection

100-02 Jacking and Lifting

.

1.

2. Prior to carrying out any inspection of the ball joints, inspect the wheel bearings. For additional information, refer to

Wheel

Bearing Inspection—Front and Rear

.

2.

3. Position a safety stand beneath the jacking point to test the lower arm.

3.

4. While an assistant pulls and pushes the top and bottom of the tire, observe the relative movement between the ball joint and the

suspension lower arm. Any movement at or exceeding the specification indicates a worn or damaged ball joint.Install a new lower
arm as necessary. For additional information, refer toSection

204-01 Front Suspension

orSection

204-02 Rear Suspension

.

4.

5. Remove the safety stand.

5.

6. Lower the vehicle.

6.

Published: 11-May-2011

Suspension System - General Information - Front Toe Adjustment

General Procedures

• NOTE: The checking and subsequent adjustment of the front toe setting should be carried out on a flat surface and in accordance with the
manufactures instructions for the wheel alignment equipment used.

1. Start the engine and centralize the steering wheel.

2. Turn the engine off, and hold the steering wheel in the 'straight ahead'

position by attaching a rigid link from the steering wheel to the brake
pedal.

3. Using suitable four wheel alignment equipment, check the toe setting.

4. NOTE: Right-hand shown, left-hand similar.

Loosen the tie rod end locknuts.

5. NOTE: Right-hand shown, left-hand similar.

Reposition the steering gear boot outer clamps.

6. NOTE: Right-hand shown, left-hand similar.

Rotate the tie-rods an equal amount in either a clockwise or a
counterclockwise direction to adjust the toe setting.

7. NOTE: Right-hand shown, left-hand similar.

Tighten the tie-rod end locknuts.

Tighten to 40 Nm.

8. NOTE: Right-hand shown, left-hand similar.

Reposition the steering gear boot outer clamps.

9. Check the toe setting.