Volvo XC40 Twin Engine (2020 year). Manual in english — page 31

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WHEELS AND TYRES

536

Tyres

The function of the tyres is to carry load, pro-
vide grip on the road surface, dampen vibra-
tion and protect the wheel from wear.

The tyres greatly affect the car's driving cha-
racteristics. The type of tyre, dimensions, tyre
pressure and speed rating are important for
how the car performs.

The car is fitted with tyres according to the
tyre information sticker found on the driver's
side door pillar (between the front door and
the rear door).

WARNING

A damaged tyre may lead to loss of control

over the car.

Recommended tyres

On delivery, the car is equipped with Volvo
original tyres that have the VOL

1

marking on

the side of the tyres. These tyres are carefully
adapted to the car. In the event of changing
tyres, it is therefore important that the new
tyres also have this marking in order for the
car's driving characteristics, comfort and fuel
consumption to be maintained.

New tyres

Tyres are perishable. After a few years they
begin to harden at the same time as the fric-
tion capacity/characteristics gradually deterio-
rate. For this reason, aim to get as fresh tyres
as possible when you replace them. This is
especially important with regard to winter
tyres. The last four digits in the sequence
mean the week and year of manufacture. This
is the tyre's DOT marking (Department of
Transportation), and this is stated with four
digits, for example 0717. The tyre is then man-
ufactured in week 07, year 2017.

Tyre age

All tyres older than 6 years old should be
checked by an expert even if they seem
undamaged. Tyres age and decompose, even
if they are hardly ever or never used. The func-

tion can therefore be affected. This applies to
all tyres that are stored for future use. Exam-
ples of external signs which indicate that the
tyre is unsuitable for use are cracks or disco-
louration.

Tyre economy

•

Maintain the correct tyre pressure.

•

Avoid fast starts, heavy braking and
squealing tyres.

•

Tyre wear increases with speed.

•

Correct wheel alignment is very important.

•

Unbalanced wheels worsen tyre economy
and travelling comfort.

•

The tyres must have the same direction of
rotation during their entire service life.

•

When you change tyres, the tyres with the
best tread must be fitted on the rear
wheels to reduce the risk of oversteer dur-
ing heavy braking.

•

If you drive over kerbstones or deep holes
you can damage the tyres and/or wheel
rims permanently.

Tyre rotation

The car has no mandatory tyre rotation. Driv-
ing style, tyre pressure, climate and road con-
dition affect how quickly the tyres age and

1

There may be deviations for certain tyre dimensions.

WHEELS AND TYRES

* Option/accessory.

537

wear. Correct tyre pressure results in more
even wear.

To avoid differences in tread depth and to pre-
vent wear patterns forming on the tyres, the
front and rear wheels should be switched with
each other. A suitable distance for the first
change is approx. 5000 km (approx.
3100 miles) and then at 10000 km (approx.
6200 miles) intervals.

Volvo recommends the an authorised Volvo
workshop is contacted for checking if you are
uncertain about tread depth. If significant dif-
ferences in wear (> 1 mm difference in tread
depth) between tyres have already occurred,
then the least worn tyres must always be fit-
ted on the rear. Understeer is normally easier
to correct than oversteer, and leads to the car
continuing forwards in a straight line rather
than having the rear end skidding to one side,
resulting in possible complete loss of control
over the car. This is why it is important for the
rear wheels never to lose grip before the front
wheels.

Storing wheels and tyres

When you store complete wheels (tyres fitted
on wheel rims) they should be hung up or
positioned lying on their sides on the floor.

Tyres not fitted on rims must be stored lying
on their sides or standing upright, but not
hung up.

IMPORTANT

Tyres should be stored in a cool, dry and
dark place, and should never be stored
close to solvents, petrol, oils, etc.

WARNING

•

Wheel rim size and tyre size for your
Volvo are specified to meet stringent
requirements for stability and driving
characteristics. Unapproved combina-
tions of wheel rim size and tyre size
may have a negative effect on the car's
stability and driving characteristics.

•

Any damage caused by the fitting of
unapproved combinations of wheel rim
size and tyre size is not covered by the
new car warranty. Volvo accepts no lia-
bility for death, personal injury or any
costs caused by such installations.

Related information

•

Checking tyre pressure (p. 540)

•

Tyres' rotation direction (p. 539)

•

Tread wear indicators on the tyres
(p. 540)

•

Tyre pressure monitoring system

*

(p. 543)

•

Emergency puncture repair kit (p. 554)

•

Dimension designation for tyre (p. 538)

•

Approved wheel and tyre sizes (p. 649)

•

Recommendations for loading (p. 568)

WHEELS AND TYRES

538

Dimension designation for tyre

Designations for tyre dimension, load index
and speed rating.

The car has an approval for the complete vehi-
cle with certain combinations of wheel rims
and tyres.

Designation of dimensions

All tyres have a dimension designation, such
as: 235/50 R19 99 V.

235 Tyre width (mm)

50

Ratio between tyre wall height and
tyre width (%)

R

Radial ply

19

Rim diameter in inches

99

Codes for the maximum permitted
tyre load, tyre load index (LI)

V

Speed rating for maximum permitted
speed, speed rating (SS). (In this
case 240 km/h (149 mph).)

Load index

Each tyre has a certain capacity to carry a
load, a load index (LI). The car's weight deter-
mines the load capacity required of the tyres.

Speed rating

Each tyre can withstand a certain maximum
speed. Tyre speed rating, SS (Speed Symbol),
must at least correspond with the car's top
speed. The table below shows the maximum
permitted speed for each speed rating (SS).
The only exception to these regulations is win-
ter tyres

2

, where a lower speed rating may be

used. If such a tyre is selected, the car must
not be driven more quickly than the tyre is
rated for. For example, cars with Q rating tyres
must be driven at speeds not exceeding
160 km/h (100 mph). The road conditions and
applicable road traffic rules determine how
quickly the car can be driven, not the speed
rating of the tyres.

NOTE

The maximum permitted speed is specified
in the table.

Q

160 km/h (100 mph) (used only on
winter tyres)

T

190 km/h (118 mph)

H

210 km/h (130 mph)

V

240 km/h (149 mph)

W 270 km/h (168 mph)

Y

300 km/h (186 mph)

WARNING

The lowest permitted tyre load index (LI)

and speed rating (SS) for the tyres for each

respective engine variant are shown in the

specifications, which can be found in the

printed owner's manual. If a tyre with too

low a load index or speed rating is used, it

may overheat and be damaged.

Related information

•

Tyres (p. 536)

•

Dimension designation for wheel rim
(p. 539)

•

Approved wheel and tyre sizes (p. 649)

•

Minimum permitted tyre load index and
speed rating for tyres (p. 650)

2

Both those with metal studs and those without.

WHEELS AND TYRES

539

Dimension designation for wheel

rim

Wheel and rim dimensions are designated in
accordance with the examples in the table
below.

The car has an approval for the complete vehi-
cle with certain combinations of wheel rims
and tyres.

All wheel rims have a dimension designation,
for example: 7.5Jx18x50.5.

7.5

Rim width in inches

J

Rim flange profile

18

Rim diameter in inches

50.5 Off-set in mm (distance from wheel

centre to wheel contact surface
against the hub)

Related information

•

Tyres (p. 536)

•

Dimension designation for tyre (p. 538)

•

Approved wheel and tyre sizes (p. 649)

Tyres' rotation direction

Tyres with a tread pattern which are designed
to only turn in one direction have the direc-
tion of rotation marked with an arrow.

The arrow shows the tyre's direction of rotation.

•

The tyre must always rotate in the same
direction throughout its lifespan.

•

Tyres should only be switched between
front and rear positions, never between
left and right-hand sides, or vice versa.

•

If the tyres are fitted incorrectly, the car's
braking characteristics and capacity to
force rain and slush out of the way are
adversely affected.

•

Tyres with the greatest tread depth should
always be fitted to the rear of the car (to
decrease the risk of skidding).

NOTE

Make sure that both pairs of wheels have
the same type and dimension, and also the
same make.

Related information

•

Tyres (p. 536)

WHEELS AND TYRES

540

Tread wear indicators on the tyres

Tread wear indicators show the status of the
tyre's tread depth.

A tread wear indicator is a narrow elevation
across the longitudinal grooves of the tyre's
tread pattern. On the side of the tyre are the
letters TWI (Tread Wear Indicator). When the
tyre's tread depth is down to 1.6 mm (1/16
inch), the tread will be level in height with the
tread wear indicators. Change to new tyres as
soon as possible. Remember that tyres with
little tread depth provide very poor grip in rain
and snow.

Related information

•

Tyres (p. 536)

Checking tyre pressure

Correct tyre pressure helps to improve driv-
ing stability, save fuel and extend the service
life of the tyres.

Tyre pressure decreases over time, this is a
natural phenomenon. Tyre pressure also varies
depending on ambient temperature. Driving
on tyres with tyre pressure that is too low
could result in the tyres overheating and being
damaged. Tyre pressure affects travelling
comfort, road noise and driving characteris-
tics.

Check the tyre pressures monthly. Use the
recommended tyre pressure for cold tyres in
order to maintain good tyre performance. Tyre
pressure that is too low or too high may cause
uneven wear on the tyres.

WARNING

•

Tyre pressure that is too low is the
most common cause of tyre failure and
may result in serious cracks in the tyre,
the tread loosening or the tyre explod-
ing, with unexpected loss of control of
the car and increased risk of personal
injury.

•

Tyres with pressure that is too low
reduce the load capacity of the car.

Cold tyres

The tyre pressure must be checked when the
tyres are cold. Tyres are considered cold when
they have the same temperature as the sur-
rounding air. This temperature is normally
reached when the car has been parked for at
least three hours.

After having driven approximately 1.6 km
(1 mile) these tyres are considered as warm. If
you have to drive further than this to inflate the
tyres, first check and record the tyre pressure
and inflate to a suitable tyre pressure when
you arrive at the pump.

When the outside temperature changes, the
tyre pressure also changes. A decrease in tem-
perature of 10 degrees causes the tyre pres-
sure to decrease 1 psi (7 kPa). Check the tyre
pressure regularly and adjust to the correct
pressure, which is specified on the car's tyre
information decal or certification label.

If you check the tyre pressure when the tyres
are warm then you must never release any air.
The tyres are warm due to driving and it is nor-
mal for the pressure to increase above the rec-
ommended pressure for cold tyres. A warm
tyre with tyre pressure equal to or below the
recommendation for cold tyres may have a
pressure that is far too low.

WHEELS AND TYRES

}}

* Option/accessory.

541

Related information

•

Adjusting tyre pressure (p. 541)

•

Recommended tyre pressure (p. 542)

•

Tyre pressure monitoring system

*

(p. 543)

•

Tyres (p. 536)

Adjusting tyre pressure

Tyre pressure decreases over time, this is a
natural phenomenon. The tyre pressure must
therefore sometimes be adjusted in order to
maintain the recommended tyre pressure.

Use the recommended tyre pressure for cold
tyres in order to maintain good tyre perform-
ance and even tread wear.

NOTE

To avoid incorrect tyre pressure, the pres-
sure should be checked on cold tyres.
"Cold tyres" means the tyres are the same
temperature as the ambient temperature
(approx. 3 hours after the car has been
driven). After a few kilometres of driving,
the tyres warm up and the pressure increa-
ses.

1. Remove the cap from the valve on one

tyre and then press the tyre pressure
gauge firmly down onto the valve.

2. Inflate the tyres to the correct pressure,

see the decal on the door pillar on the driv-
er's side showing the recommended pres-
sure for factory fitted tyres.

3. Refit the dust cap.

NOTE

•

After a tyre has been inflated, always
refit the dust cap in order to avoid dam-
age to the valve from gravel, dirt, etc.

•

Only use plastic dust caps. Metal dust
caps can rust and become difficult to
unscrew.

4. Check the tyres visually for any implanted

nails or other objects that could puncture
the tyre and cause leakage.

5. Check the sidewalls for any cavities, cuts,

bumps or other irregularities.

6. Repeat this for all tyres, including the

spare tyre

*

.

NOTE

If you have over-inflated, release air by
pressing in the metal pin in the centre of
the valve. Then check the pressure again
using the tyre pressure gauge.

Some spare tyres require a higher tyre
pressure than other tyres. Check in the tyre
pressure table or on the tyre pressure label.

||

WHEELS AND TYRES

542

Related information

•

Recommended tyre pressure (p. 542)

•

Checking tyre pressure (p. 540)

•

Inflating tyres with the compressor from
the puncture repair kit (p. 558)

•

Approved tyre pressures (p. 651)

Recommended tyre pressure

The tyre pressure label on the driver's side
door pillar (between frame and rear door)
shows which pressures the tyres should have
at different loads and speed conditions.

Tyre pressure label location

The decal displays the designation for the fac-
tory-fitted tyres on the car, as well as load lim-
its and tyre pressure.

NOTE

It is not intended that the decals illustrated
in the owner's manual should be exact rep-
licas of those in the car. They are included
to show their approximate appearance and
locations in the car. The information that
applies to your particular car can be found
on the decal on the car.

Improved fuel economy with ECO pressure

For a light load (max. 3 people) and a speed of
up to 160 km/h (100 mph), the ECO pres-
sures can be chosen for good fuel economy.
However, the lower comfort pressures are rec-
ommended instead if improved noise and trav-
elling comfort are desired.

Related information

•

Checking tyre pressure (p. 540)

•

Approved tyre pressures (p. 651)

WHEELS AND TYRES

}}

* Option/accessory.

543

Tyre pressure monitoring system

*

The tyre pressure monitoring system

3

gives a

warning with an indicator symbol in the driver
display when the pressure in one or more of
the car's tyres is too low.

This symbol illuminates to indicate
low tyre pressure. Check the tyre
pressure in the

Car Status

app in

the centre display.

If there is a fault in the system the tyre pres-
sure warning symbol flashes for approximately
one minute and then remains illuminated.

System description

The tyre pressure monitoring system meas-
ures differences in rotation speed between the
different wheels via the ABS system in order
to be able to determine whether they have the
correct tyre pressure. If the tyre pressure is too
low, the tyre's diameter is changed and, as a
result, so is its rotation speed. By comparing
the tyres with each other the system can
determine whether one or more tyres have
pressure that is too low.

General information on the tyre monitoring
system

In the information below, the tyre monitoring
system is referred to generically as TPMS.

Each tyre, including the spare tyre

*

, should be

checked once a month. When checking, the
tyre should be cold and have the air pressure
recommended by the car manufacturer speci-
fied on the tyre pressure label or in the tyre
pressure table. If the car has tyres of a differ-
ent size than that recommended by the manu-
facturer, find out what the correct air pressure
level is for these.

As an extra safety feature, the car is equipped
with a tyre pressure monitoring system
(TPMS), which shows when the air pressure in
one or more tyres is too low. When the indica-
tor symbol for low air pressure is lit, stop and
check the tyres as soon as possible and inflate
to the correct air pressure.

Driving with tyres that have tyre pressure that
is too low may cause the tyre to overheat,
which can cause a tyre failure. Low tyre pres-
sure also reduces fuel efficiency as well as tyre
service life, and can affect car handling and
stopping ability. Note that TPMS does not
replace regular tyre maintenance. It is the driv-
er's responsibility to maintain correct tyre
pressure, even if the limit for low tyre pressure
has not been reached so that the indicator
symbol illuminates.

The car is also equipped with a TPMS system
fault indicator, which indicates when the sys-
tem is not functioning correctly. The TPMS

system fault indicator is combined with the
indicator symbol for low tyre pressure. When
the system detects a fault, the symbol in the
driver display will flash for about one minute
and then remain illuminated. This procedure
will be repeated when the car is started until
the fault has been rectified. When the symbol
is illuminated, the system's ability to detect or
warn of low tyre pressure may be affected.

A TPMS system fault can occur for several
reasons, such as after changing to a spare
tyre, or changing tyres or wheels that prevent
TPMS from functioning correctly.

Always check the indicator symbol for TPMS
after changing one or more tyres in order to
ensure the new tyre or wheel is working cor-
rectly with TPMS.

To bear in mind

•

Always save a new tyre pressure in the
system after changing a wheel or adjust-
ing tyre pressure.

•

If you change to tyres of a different size to
the ones fitted at the factory, the system
must be reset by storing a new tyre pres-
sure for these tyres to avoid false warn-
ings.

•

If a spare wheel

*

is used, it is possible that

the tyre pressure monitoring system does

3

Indirect Tyre Pressure Monitoring System (ITPMS)

||

WHEELS AND TYRES

* Option/accessory.

544

not work correctly due to the differences
between the wheels.

•

The system does not replace the need for
regular tyre inspection and maintenance.

•

It is not possible to switch off the tyre
pressure monitoring system.

WARNING

•

Incorrect tyre pressure may lead to tyre
failure, which could result in the driver
losing control of the car.

•

The system cannot indicate sudden
tyre damage in advance.

Related information

•

Recommended tyre pressure (p. 542)

•

See tyre pressure status in the centre dis-
play

*

(p. 545)

•

Action in the event of warning for low tyre
pressure (p. 546)

•

Saving a new tyre pressure in the monitor-
ing system

*

(p. 544)

•

Messages for tyre pressure monitoring

*

(p. 547)

Saving a new tyre pressure in the

monitoring system

*

In order for the system for tyre pressure
monitoring

4

to work correctly, a reference

value for the tyre pressure must be saved.
This must take place every time the tyres are
changed or the tyre pressure is changed so
that the system can warn about low pressure
correctly.

For example, when driving with a heavy load
or at high speed above 160 km/h (100 mph),
the tyre pressure should be adjusted in
accordance with Volvo's recommended tyre
pressure values. The system is then reset by
saving a new tyre pressure.

Perform the following procedure to store a
new tyre pressure as a reference value in the
system:

1. Switch off the car.

2. Inflate the tyres to the correct pressure,

see the decal on the door pillar on the driv-
er's side showing the recommended pres-
sure for factory fitted tyres.

3. Start the car.

4. Open the

Car Status

app in the app view.

5. Press

TPMS

.

NOTE

The car must be stationary for the

Store

Pressure

button to be selectable.

6. Press

Store Pressure

.

7. Tap on

OK

to confirm that the tyre pres-

sure in all four tyres has been checked and
adjusted.

8. Drive the car until the new tyre pressure

has been saved. The new tyre pressure is
stored when the car is driven at a speed
above 35 km/h (22 mph).
> When sufficient data has been collec-

ted for the system to be able to detect
low tyre pressure, the animation show-
ing storage progress disappears from
the centre display. The system does not
provide additional confirmation that a
new tyre pressure has been saved.

If storing fails, a message is shown:

Storing

pressure unsuccessful. Try again.

4

Indirect Tyre Pressure Monitoring System (ITPMS)

WHEELS AND TYRES

* Option/accessory.

545

WARNING

The exhaust gases contain carbon monox-

ide, which is invisible and odourless, but

highly toxic. The procedure to save a new

tyre pressure must therefore always be

performed outdoors or in a workshop with

exhaust extraction.

Related information

•

Recommended tyre pressure (p. 542)

•

Adjusting tyre pressure (p. 541)

•

See tyre pressure status in the centre dis-
play

*

(p. 545)

•

Action in the event of warning for low tyre
pressure (p. 546)

•

Tyre pressure monitoring system

*

(p. 543)

See tyre pressure status in the

centre display

*

With the system for tyre pressure monitor-
ing

5

, tyre pressure status can be viewed in

the centre display.

Checking status

Several minutes driving above 35 km/h
(22 mph) are required for the system to
become active.

1. Open the

Car Status

app in the app view.

2. Tap on

TPMS

to show the status of the

tyres.

The figure is schematic. Layout may vary depending

on car model or updated software.

Related information

•

Saving a new tyre pressure in the monitor-
ing system

*

(p. 544)

•

Action in the event of warning for low tyre
pressure (p. 546)

•

Tyre pressure monitoring system

*

(p. 543)

•

Car status (p. 578)

•

Messages for tyre pressure monitoring

*

(p. 547)

5

Indirect Tyre Pressure Monitoring System (ITPMS)

WHEELS AND TYRES

* Option/accessory.

546

Action in the event of warning for

low tyre pressure

When the system for tyre pressure

6

warns

that tyre pressure is too low, action is
required.

Check and rectify the tyre pressure
when the indicator symbol for the
system is illuminated and the

Tyre

pressure low

message is shown.

1. Switch off the car.

2. Check the tyre pressure in all four tyres

with a tyre pressure gauge.

3. Inflate the tyres to the correct pressure,

see the decal on the door pillar on the driv-
er's side showing the recommended pres-
sure for factory fitted tyres.

4. Always save a new tyre pressure in the

system via the centre display after the tyre
pressure has been adjusted.

Note that the indicator symbol does not
extinguish until the low tyre pressure has
been rectified and storing a new tyre pres-
sure has been started.

NOTE

To avoid incorrect tyre pressure, the pres-
sure should be checked on cold tyres.
"Cold tyres" means the tyres are the same
temperature as the ambient temperature
(approx. 3 hours after the car has been
driven). After a few kilometres of driving,
the tyres warm up and the pressure increa-
ses.

NOTE

•

After a tyre has been inflated, always
refit the dust cap in order to avoid
damage to the valve from gravel, dirt,
etc.

•

Only use plastic dust caps. Metal dust
caps can rust and become difficult to
unscrew.

WARNING

•

Incorrect tyre pressure may lead to tyre
failure, which could result in the driver
losing control of the car.

•

The system cannot indicate sudden
tyre damage in advance.

Related information

•

Recommended tyre pressure (p. 542)

•

Adjusting tyre pressure (p. 541)

•

Saving a new tyre pressure in the monitor-
ing system

*

(p. 544)

•

See tyre pressure status in the centre dis-
play

*

(p. 545)

•

Tyre pressure monitoring system

*

(p. 543)

•

Inflating tyres with the compressor from
the puncture repair kit (p. 558)

6

Indirect Tyre Pressure Monitoring System (ITPMS)

WHEELS AND TYRES

}}

* Option/accessory.

547

Messages for tyre pressure

monitoring

*

A number of messages for the tyre pressure
monitoring system

7

can be shown. Here are

some examples.

Driver display:

Tyre pressure
low

Check Car

Status app in
center display

The indicator symbol
switches on to indicate
that there is low tyre
pressure in one or more
tyres. See the

Car Sta-

tus

app in the centre dis-

play for more informa-
tion.

Driver display:

Tyre pressure
system

Tem-

porarily
unavailable

The indicator symbol
flashes and changes to
constant glow after
approx. 1 minute. The
system is currently
unavailable, activated
shortly.

Driver display:

Tyre pressure
system

Serv-

ice required

The indicator symbol
flashes and changes to
constant glow after
approx. 1 minute. The
system is not working
correctly, contact a
workshop

A

.

A

An authorised Volvo workshop is recommended.

Related information

•

Tyre pressure monitoring system

*

(p. 543)

•

Saving a new tyre pressure in the monitor-
ing system

*

(p. 544)

•

Action in the event of warning for low tyre
pressure (p. 546)

•

Car status (p. 578)

•

Volvo Cars support site (p. 21)

Changing wheel

Wheel changes must always be performed
correctly. Instructions on how a wheel is
removed and mounted and what is important
to remember are provided below. Check that
the tyre dimension is approved for use on the
car.

WARNING

•

If a wheel must be changed in a traf-
ficked environment, passengers must
stand in a safe place.

•

Use a jack designed for the car when
changing tyres. Use supports to secure
the car for all other work.

•

Never crawl under the car or reach
under with a part of your body when it
is raised on a jack.

•

Passengers must leave the car when it
is raised on the jack.

7

Indirect Tyre Pressure Monitoring System (ITPMS)