Volvo XC40 Twin Engine (2020 year). Manual in english — page 25
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STARTING AND DRIVING
426
low speed. The test may be felt as pulses in
the brake pedal.
Light braking charges the hybrid
battery
The electric motor's engine brake is used dur-
ing light braking. The car's kinetic energy is
then converted to electrical energy instead,
which is used to charge the hybrid battery.
Battery charging with electric motor braking is
indicated in the driver display.
The driver display indicates charging during electric
motor braking.
This function is active in the speed interval
150-5 km/h (93-3 mph). During heavier brak-
ing, as well as outside the speed interval, brak-
ing is supplemented by the hydraulic brake
system. The driver's display shows this by the
indicator being down in the red zone.
Symbols in the driver display
Symbol Specification
Check the brake fluid level. If the
level is low, fill with brake fluid
and check for the cause of the
brake fluid loss.
Fault in pedal sensor.
Constant glow for 2 seconds
when the engine is started: Auto-
matic function check.
Constant glow for more than 2
seconds: Fault in the ABS sys-
tem. The car's normal brake sys-
tem is still working, but without
the ABS function.
If the message
Brake pedal
Characteristics changed Serv-
ice required
is shown, the sys-
tem for "Brake-by-wire" is disen-
gaged. A higher pedal pressure is
required to produce braking
effect.
WARNING
If both the warning lamps for brake fault
and ABS fault illuminate at the same time,
a fault has occurred in the brake system.
•
If the level in the brake fluid reservoir is
normal at this stage, drive carefully to
the nearest workshop and have the
brake system checked - an authorised
Volvo workshop is recommended.
•
If the brake fluid is below the
MIN
level
in the brake fluid reservoir, do not drive
further before topping up the brake
fluid. The reason for the loss of brake
fluid must be investigated.
Related information
•
•
Automatic braking when stationary
(p. 431)
•
Help when starting on a hill (p. 433)
•
•
Braking on gritted roads (p. 427)
•
Brake system maintenance (p. 428)
•
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427
Brake assistance
The brake assist system (BAS
3
) helps to
increase brake force during braking, and can
thereby shorten the braking distance.
The system detects the way in which the
driver brakes and increases brake force where
necessary. The brake force can be boosted up
to the level when the ABS system is engaged.
The function is suspended when the pressure
on the brake pedal decreases.
Related information
•
Braking on wet roads
When driving for a prolonged period of time
in heavy rain without braking, the braking
effect may be delayed slightly when next
using the brakes.
This may also be the case after a car wash. It
is then necessary to depress the brake pedal
more forcefully. You should therefore maintain
a greater distance to the vehicles in front.
Brake the car firmly after driving on wet roads
or using a car wash. This warms up the brake
discs, enabling them to dry faster and protect-
ing them against corrosion. Bear in mind the
current traffic situation when braking.
Related information
•
•
Braking on gritted roads (p. 427)
Braking on gritted roads
When driving on salted roads, a layer of salt
may form on the brake discs and brake lin-
ings.
This may extend braking distance. You should
therefore maintain a greater safety distance to
vehicles in front. In addition, make sure you do
the following:
•
Brake now and again to remove any layer
of salt. Make sure that other road users
are not put at risk by the braking.
•
Gently depress the brake pedal after fin-
ishing driving and before starting your next
trip.
Related information
•
•
3
Brake Assist System
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428
Brake system maintenance
Check brake system components regularly
for wear.
To keep the car as safe and reliable as possi-
ble, follow the Volvo service intervals as speci-
fied in the Service and Warranty Booklet. After
replacing brake linings and brake discs, brak-
ing effect is only adapted after they have been
"worn in" for a few hundred kilometres (miles).
Compensate for the reduced braking effect by
depressing the brake pedal harder. Volvo rec-
ommends only fitting brake linings that are
approved for your Volvo.
The wear on the brake system's compo-
nents must be checked regularly.
Contact a workshop for information about
the procedure or engage a workshop to
carry out the inspection - an authorised
Volvo workshop is recommended.
Related information
•
Parking brake
The parking brake prevents the car from roll-
ing away from stationary by means of
mechanically locking/blocking two wheels.
A faint electric motor noise can be heard when
the electrically-operated parking brake is
being applied. The noise can also be heard
during the automatic function checking of the
parking brake.
If the car is stationary when the parking brake
is activated, it only acts on the rear wheels. If
it is activated when the car is moving then the
normal foot brake is used, i.e. the brake acts
on all four wheels. Brake function changes
over to the rear wheels when the car is almost
stationary.
Related information
•
Activating and deactivating the parking
brake (p. 429)
•
•
In the event of a fault in the parking brake
(p. 431)
•
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429
Activating and deactivating the
parking brake
Use the parking brake to prevent the car from
rolling from stationary.
Activating the parking brake
1. Pull the control upward.
> The symbol in the driver display illumi-
nates when the parking brake is acti-
vated.
2. Check that the car is stationary.
Symbol in the driver display
Symbol Specification
The symbol is illuminated when
the parking brake is activated.
If the symbol flashes, it indicates
a fault has occurred. Read the
message in the driver display.
Automatic activation
The parking brake is activated automatically
•
when the car is switched off and the set-
ting for automatic activation of the parking
brake is activated in the centre display.
•
when gear position
P
is selected on a
steep hill.
•
if the Auto hold (Automatic brake when
stationary) function is activated and
•
the car has been stationary for a long
time (5-10 minutes)
•
the car is switched off
•
the driver leaves the car.
Emergency brake
In an emergency, the parking brake can be
activated when the car is in motion by pulling
and holding up the control. Braking stops
when the control is released, or if the accelera-
tor pedal is depressed.
An acoustic signal sounds while emer-
gency braking is active at high speeds.
Deactivating the parking brake
Deactivate manually
To deactivate the parking brake, the engine
needs to be running.
1. Depress the brake pedal firmly.
2. Press the control down.
> The parking brake releases and the
symbol in the driver display extin-
guishes.
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STARTING AND DRIVING
430
Deactivate automatically
1. Start the car.
2. Depress the brake pedal firmly. Select
gear position
D
or
R
and depress the
accelerator pedal.
> The parking brake releases and the
symbol in the driver display extin-
guishes.
For automatic deactivation, either the
driver has to have put on their seatbelt or
the driver door has to be closed.
Related information
•
Automatic parking brake activation setting
(p. 430)
•
In the event of a fault in the parking brake
(p. 431)
•
•
Automatic parking brake activation
setting
Choose whether the parking brake is to be
activated automatically when the car is
switched off.
To change setting:
1. Tap on
Settings
in the centre display's
top view.
2. Press
My Car
Parking Brake and
Suspension
to select or deselect the
function
Auto Activate Parking Brake
.
Related information
•
Activating and deactivating the parking
brake (p. 429)
•
Parking on a hill
Always use the parking brake when parking
on a hill.
WARNING
Always use the parking brake when park-
ing on an inclined surface. Engaging a gear
or the automatic transmission's
P
position
is not sufficient to hold the car stationary in
all situations.
If the car is parked facing uphill:
•
Turn the wheels
away from
the kerb.
If the car is parked facing downhill:
•
Turn the wheels
towards
the kerb.
Heavy load uphill
A heavy load, such as a trailer, can cause the
car to roll backward when the parking brake is
released automatically on a steep incline.
Avoid this by pulling the control upwards
while driving the car away. Release the control
when the engine achieves traction.
Related information
•
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431
In the event of a fault in the
parking brake
Contact an authorised Volvo workshop if it is
not possible to deactivate or activate the
parking brake after several attempts.
An acoustic warning signal sounds when driv-
ing with the parking brake activated.
If the car must be parked before a possible
fault is rectified, then the wheels must be
turned as for parking on a hill and the gear
selector must be in position
P
.
Low battery voltage
If the battery voltage is too low then the park-
ing brake can be neither deactivated nor acti-
vated. Connect a donor battery if the battery
voltage is too low.
Replacing the brake linings
The rear brake linings must be replaced at a
workshop due to the design of the electrically-
operated parking brake - an authorised Volvo
workshop is recommended.
Symbols in the driver display
Symbol Specification
If the symbol flashes, it indicates
a fault has occurred. See the
message in the driver display.
Fault in brake system. See the
message in the driver display.
Information message in driver
display.
Related information
•
Activating and deactivating the parking
brake (p. 429)
•
•
•
Volvo service programme (p. 576)
Automatic braking when stationary
Automatic brake when stationary (Auto hold)
means that the driver can release the brake
pedal while maintaining braking effect when
the car has stopped at traffic lights or a junc-
tion.
When the car has stopped, the brakes are
activated automatically. The function can use
either foot brake or parking brake to hold the
car stationary and it works on all gradients.
When driving off, the brakes are released
automatically if the driver is wearing the seat-
belt or the driver's door is closed.
When braking to a standstill on an uphill or
downhill slope, the brake pedal should be
depressed a little harder before being
released to ensure the car does not roll.
The parking brake is activated if
•
the car is switched off
•
the driver's door is opened
•
the driver's seatbelt is unbuckled
•
the car has been stationary for a longer
time (5-10 minutes).
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Symbols in the driver display
Symbol Specification
The symbol is illuminated when
the function uses the foot brake
to keep the car stationary.
The symbol is illuminated when
the function uses the parking
brake to keep the car stationary.
Related information
•
Activating and deactivating the automatic
brake at a standstill (p. 432)
•
•
•
Help when starting on a hill (p. 433)
Activating and deactivating the
automatic brake at a standstill
The automatic brake function at a standstill is
activated using the button in the tunnel con-
sole.
–
Press the button in the tunnel console to
activate or deactivate the function.
> The indicator in the button illuminates
when the function is activated. Acti-
vated function remains even when the
car is started next time.
Applicable when switching off
If the function is active and holds the
car with the foot brake (A-symbol
illuminated in the driver display), the
brake pedal must be depressed at
the same time as the button is depressed in
order to deactivate.
•
The function remains deactivated until it is
reactivated.
•
When the function is deactivated, hill start
assist (HSA) remains active to prevent the
car from rolling backwards when starting
on an uphill gradient.
Related information
•
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STARTING AND DRIVING
* Option/accessory.
433
Help when starting on a hill
Hill start assist (HSA
4
) prevents the car from
rolling backwards when starting on an uphill
gradient. When reversing uphill, it prevents
the car from rolling forwards.
The function means that the pedal pressure in
the brake system remains for several seconds
while the driver's foot is moved from brake
pedal to accelerator pedal.
The temporary braking effect releases after
several seconds or when the driver starts to
drive away.
Hill start assist is available even when the
function for automatic brake when stationary
(Auto hold) is deactivated.
Related information
•
Automatic braking when stationary
(p. 431)
•
Auto braking after a collision
In the event of a collision in which the activa-
tion level is reached for the pyrotechnic seat-
belt tensioners or airbags, or if a collision
with a large animal is detected, the car's
brakes are automatically applied. This func-
tion is to prevent or reduce the effects of any
subsequent collision.
After a serious collision there is a risk that it is
no longer possible to control and steer the car.
In order to avoid or mitigate a possible further
collision with a vehicle or an object in the vehi-
cle's path, the auto braking system is acti-
vated automatically and brakes the car in a
safe manner.
Brake lights and hazard warning lights are
activated during braking. When the car has
stopped, the hazard warning lights continue to
flash and the parking brake is applied.
If braking is not appropriate, e.g. if there is a
risk of being hit by following traffic, the sys-
tem can be overridden by the driver depress-
ing the accelerator pedal.
The function assumes that the brake system is
intact after the collision.
Related information
•
•
•
Regenerative braking
*
The car recovers kinetic energy during brak-
ing in order to reduce fuel consumption and
emissions.
The battery symbol is shown in the
driver display when the car is gener-
ating power for the battery.
The function is available in all drive modes
together with gear position
D
or
B
.
Activating brake regeneration
Brake regeneration is activated by gentle pres-
sure on the brake pedal or during engine brak-
ing.
Regeneration increases during engine braking
when manual gearshift mode
B
is selected.
Related information
•
•
Changing gear with automatic gearbox
(p. 435)
4
Hill Start Assist
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* Option/accessory.
434
Gearbox
The gearbox is part of the car's powertrain
(power transmission) between engine and
drive wheels. The function of the gearbox is
to change the gear ratio depending on speed
and power requirements.
The car has a seven-speed automatic gearbox
with dual clutch, integrated electric motor for
electric drive and brake energy recovery. The
number of gear changes means that the
engine's torque and power range can be used
effectively.
Both the gear lever and the shift paddles can
be used to shift up or down manually. The
driver display shows the selected gear posi-
tion.
Related information
•
•
Automatic gearbox
Gears are selected automatically so that you
can drive as energy-efficiently as possible.
The gearbox also has a manual gearshift
mode.
Overview of gear lever and shift pattern in the driver
display.
The driver display shows the selected gear
position:
R
,
N
,
D
or
B
. The
P
position is electrical.
Related information
•
Changing gear with automatic gearbox
(p. 435)
•
Changing gear with steering wheel pad-
dles
•
Gear selector inhibitor (p. 438)
•
•
•
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435
Changing gear with automatic
gearbox
Change gear position by pressing the spring-
loaded gear selector forwards or backwards,
or sideways for manual shifting.
Changing gear
Overview of gear lever and gear positions.
Gear positions
Parking – P
Overview of gear lever and position P.
Parking is activated with the
P
button located
next to the gear selector.
The gearbox is mechanically blocked when the
P
position is engaged.
Select the
P
position when the car is parked or
when starting the engine. The car must be sta-
tionary when the
P
position is selected.
To select another gear position when the
P
position is selected, the brake pedal must be
depressed and the ignition position must be
II
.
To park - first apply the parking bake and then
select
P
position.
WARNING
Always use the parking brake when park-
ing on an inclined surface. Engaging a gear
or the automatic transmission's
P
position
is not sufficient to hold the car stationary in
all situations.
To be able to lock the car and arm the
alarm, the gear position must be in
P
.
Help functions
The system will change to the
P
position auto-
matically:
•
if the car is switched off in position
D
or
R
.
•
if the driver unfastens the seatbelt and
opens the driver's door when the car is
running in a mode other than
P
.
To park a car without wearing the seatbelt and
with the door open - exit the
P
position by
selecting
R
or
D
again.
If the car is switched off in
N
position there is
no automatic change-over to
P
position. This
makes it possible to wash the car in an auto-
matic car wash.
Reverse – R
Select position
R
to reverse. The car must be
stationary when the
R
position is selected.
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STARTING AND DRIVING
* Option/accessory.
436
Neutral – N
Select
N
position when the car shall be
started. Apply the parking brake if the car is
stationary with the gear selector in the
N
posi-
tion.
In order to change from
N
position to another
gear position, the brake pedal must be
depressed and the ignition position must be
II
.
Drive position - D
D
is the normal driving position. Shifting up
and down takes place automatically based on
the level of acceleration and speed.
The car must be stationary when changing
gear from
R
position to
D
position.
Brake – B
Overview of brake positions in the driver display.
In
B
position, it is possible to change gear
manually. The car brakes using its electric
motor when the accelerator pedal is released,
while also charging the hybrid battery.
Position
B
is selected by moving the gear
selector backwards from the
D
position.
•
Press the gear selector to the right to "
+
"
(plus) to change up one step and release
it.
•
Press the gear selector to the left to "
–
"
(minus) to change down one step and
release it.
•
Press the gear selector backwards to
return to the
D
position.
The gearbox automatically shifts down if the
speed decreases to a level lower than appro-
priate for the selected gear, in order to avoid
jerking and stalling.
Related information
•
•
Gear selector inhibitor (p. 438)
•
Changing gear with steering wheel pad-
dles
•
Changing gear with steering wheel
paddles
*
The steering wheel paddles are a comple-
ment to the gear selector and make it possi-
ble to change gear manually without releas-
ing hands from the steering wheel.
The function is available in position
D
or
B
.
"
-
": Selects the next lower gear.
"
+
": Selects the next higher gear.
Switch
To change gear:
–
Pull one of the paddles backwards -
towards the steering wheel - and release.
A gear change occurs at each pull of the pad-
dle, provided that the engine speed does not
leave the permitted range. The driver display
shows the current gear.
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STARTING AND DRIVING
437
In
B
position the steering wheel paddles are
automatically activated.
Driver display when changing gear with steering
wheel paddles in manual gearshift mode.
Activating the steering wheel paddles
in position D
To be able to change gear with the steering
wheel paddles, they must be activated:
–
Pull one of the paddles toward the steer-
ing wheel.
> A figure in the driver display indicates
current gear.
Driver display when changing gear with steering
wheel paddles.
Deactivating the steering wheel
paddles in position D
Manual deactivation
–
Pull the right-hand paddle (
+
) toward the
steering wheel and hold in place until the
number in the driver display extinguishes.
> The gearbox returns to position
D
.
Automatic deactivation
The steering wheel paddles are deactivated
after a short time if they are not used. This is
indicated by means of the figure for the cur-
rent gear extinguishing. The exception is dur-
ing engine braking - then the paddles are acti-
vated for as long as engine braking is in pro-
gress.
Related information
•
•
Changing gear with automatic gearbox
(p. 435)
•
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438
Gear selector inhibitor
The gear selector inhibitor prevents acciden-
tal changing between different gear positions
in an automatic gearbox.
Automatic gear selector inhibitor
The automatic gear selector inhibitor has spe-
cial safety systems.
From park position – P or neutral position –
N
In order to move the gear selector from
P
or
N
position to another gear position, the brake
pedal must be depressed and the ignition
position must be
II
. For some gearbox vari-
ants, the engine must be running.
If the gear selector is in the
N
position and the
car has been stationary for at least 3 seconds
(irrespective of whether the engine is running)
then the gear selector is locked.
Message in the driver display
If the gear selector is inhibited a message is
shown in the driver display e.g.
Gear lever
Press brake pedal to activate gear lever
.
The gear selector is not inhibited mechanically.
Related information
•
•
Changing gear with automatic gearbox
(p. 435)
Kick-down function
Kick-down can be used when maximum
acceleration is needed such as for overtaking.
When the accelerator pedal is pressed all the
way to the floor (beyond the position normally
regarded as full acceleration) a lower gear is
immediately engaged. This is known as kick-
down.
If the accelerator is released from the kick-
down position, the gearbox automatically
changes up.
Safety function
To prevent over-revving of the engine, the
gearbox control program has a protective
downshift inhibitor.
The gearbox does not permit downshifting/
kick-down which would result in an engine
speed high enough to damage the engine.
Nothing happens if the driver still tries to shift
down in this way at high engine speed – the
original gear remains engaged.
On kick-down the car can shift down one or
more steps at a time, depending in engine
speed. The car shifts up when the engine has
reached is maximum engine speed in order to
prevent engine damage.
Related information
•
Symbols and messages for
automatic gearbox
If a fault should occur in the gearbox, a sym-
bol and a message are shown in the driver
display.
To prevent damage to any drive system
components, the working temperature of
the gearbox is checked. If there is a risk of
overheating, a warning symbol illuminates
in the driver display and a text message is
shown - follow the recommendation given.
Symbol Specification
Information or error message for
gearbox. Follow the recommen-
dation given.
Hot or overheated gearbox. Fol-
low the recommendation given.
Reduced performance
/
Accel-
eration performance reduced
In the event of a temporary pow-
ertrain fault, the car can go into a
Limp home mode with reduced
engine power to prevent damage
to the powertrain.
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439
Related information
•
Gear shift indicator
The gear shift indicator in the driver display
shows the current gear during manual gear-
shifting and when it is appropriate to engage
the next gear for optimum fuel economy.
For eco-driving during manual gear changing,
it is important to drive in the right gear and to
change gear in good time.
Gear shift indicator in the driver display
5
.
The gear shift indicator is shown in gear posi-
tion
B
. The gear shift indicator shows the cur-
rent gear in the driver display and indicates
recommended shifting to a higher gear by a
flashing plus sign.
Related information
•
Drive systems
Volvo Twin Engine combines an internal com-
bustion engine with an electric motor.
Two drive systems
Depending on the driver-selected drive mode
and available electric energy, the two drive
systems can be used either individually or in
parallel.
The electric motor is supplied its energy from
a hybrid battery fitted in the tunnel console.
The hybrid battery can be charged in a wall
socket, or in a special charging station.
Both the internal combustion engine and elec-
tric motor can generate motive force directly
to the wheels. An advanced control system
combines the properties of both drive systems
in order to provide optimum driving economy.
5
The figure is schematic – parts may vary depending on car model.
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440
Hybrid battery - The function of the hybrid
battery is to store energy. This receives
energy by charging from the power grid or
by means of regenerative braking. It pro-
vides energy for electric operation as well
as for temporarily operating the electric air
conditioning during the preconditioning of
the passenger compartment.
Internal combustion engine - The internal
combustion engine starts when the
energy level in the hybrid battery is insuffi-
cient for the engine power that the driver
requests.
Super condenser – Provides energy to
start the car, which saves the regular 12 V
battery.
Electric motor - Powers the car in electric
operation. If necessary, provides extra tor-
que and power during acceleration. Recy-
cles brake energy to electrical energy.
Related information
•
General information about Twin Engine
(p. 398)
•
Starting and stopping the combustion
engine in Twin Engine (p. 440)
•
•
•
Factors that affect range when running on
electricity (p. 447)
Starting and stopping the
combustion engine in Twin Engine
An advanced control system determines the
extent to which the car is driven on internal
combustion engine, electric motor or both in
parallel. During electric operation, the car
may sometimes need to start the internal
combustion engine automatically due to
external circumstances, e.g. in low outside
temperatures, which is completely normal. In
addition, the internal combustion engine
always starts when the hybrid battery rea-
ches its lowest state of charge.
Climate settings at low temperatures
In low outside temperatures, the internal com-
bustion engine sometimes starts automatically
in order to achieve the desired passenger
compartment temperature and air quality. The
amount of time that the internal combustion
engine runs can be affected by
•
lowering the temperature
•
reducing the fan strength
•
activating drive mode
Pure
.
Electric operation in low or high
temperatures
In low or high outside temperatures, the car's
range and output for electric operation may be
reduced and affect how often the internal
combustion engine is started automatically.
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STARTING AND DRIVING
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441
Emission control
To ensure that emission control operates as
energy-efficiently as possible, the internal
combustion engine must be run for several
minutes once it has been started. The duration
of the internal combustion engine's running
time varies depending on the temperature of
the catalytic converter.
Related information
•
•
•
Drive modes
Selection of drive mode affects the car's driv-
ing characteristics in order to enhance the
driving experience and facilitate driving in
special situations.
Using the drive modes it is possible to quickly
have access to the car's numerous functions
and settings for different driving needs. Each
drive mode is adapted to provide optimum
driving characteristics:
•
Steering
•
Engine/gearbox
•
Brakes
•
Shock absorption
•
Driver display
•
Climate settings
Select the drive mode adapted for the current
driving conditions. Remember that not all
drive modes are available in all situations.
Selectable drive modes
WARNING
Remember that the car does not emit any
engine noise when it is only powered by
the electric motor and may therefore be
difficult to notice by children, pedestrians,
cyclists and animals. This applies in partic-
ular at low speeds such as in car parks.
WARNING
Do not leave the car in an unventilated area
with activated drive mode and the fuel-
driven engine switched off - automatic
engine start occurs at low energy level in
the hybrid battery, and the exhaust gases
could then cause serious injury to people
and animals.
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