Ford Falcon. Manual — part 198

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Powertrain Control Management

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DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION (Continued)

Item

Description

1

Transmission Range Sensor (TR)

2

Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) (where fitted)

3

Cylinder Head Temperature (CHT)

4

Camshaft Position Sensors (CMP)

5

Reverse Gear Switch (RGS)

6

Throttle Body

7

Throttle Position Sensor (TP)

8

Powertrain Control Module (PCM)

9

Evaporator Canister Purge Solenoid

(EVAP)

10

Temperature and Manifold Absolute

Pressure (T-MAP) Sensor

11

Air Conditioner Refrigerant Pressure

12

Intake Manifold Runner Control (IMCC)

13

Fuel Injector (INJ1-6)

14

Knock Sensor (KS)

15

Crankshaft Position Sensor (CKP)

16

Oil Pressure Switch and Engine Oil

Temperature

17

Variable Cam Timing (VCT) Solenoid

18

Power Steering Pressure Switch (PSP)

19

Heated Exhaust Gas Oxygen Sensor

(HEGO)

20

Power Distribution Box, PCM Relay, Fuel

21

Coil On Plug (1-6)

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Powertrain Control Management

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DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION (Continued)

PCM Control Components, V8 Engine

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Powertrain Control Management

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DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION (Continued)

A sophisticated diagnostics system monitors the PCM

Item

Description

and the interfacing components, compensating for

1

Transmission Range Sensor (TR)

faults and wear during operation. The diagnostics are

<PRNDL>

accessed using the WDS tester.

2

Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) (where fitted)

Control Systems

3

Cylinder Head Temperature (CHT)

4

Reverse Gear Switch (RGS)

Fuel System

5

Throttle Position

The fuel system supplies the fuel injectors with filtered

6

Throttle Body Sensor (TP)

fuel at a controlled pressure. The Powertrain Control

7

Temperature and Manifold Absolute

Module (PCM) controls the fuel pump and the on/off

Pressure T-MAP

duration (pulse width) and timing of the fuel injectors.

8

Powertrain Control Module (PCM)

Fuel Injection

9

Evaporator Canister Purge Solenoid

The PCM electronic fuel injection system supplies the

(EVAP)

correct amount of fuel to the engine as required for

10

Heated Exhaust Gas Oxygen Sensors

the operating conditions. Each cylinder has an

(HEGO1-2)

individual fuel injector controlled sequentially to inject

11

Oil Pressure Switch

the fuel at the optimum point in the engine cycle. The

12

Fuel Injector (INJ1-8)

Powertrain Control Module (PCM) adjusts the fuel

injection pulse width, delivering a precise quantity of

13

Camshaft Position Sensor (CMP)

fuel into the intake ports. Fuel is injected into the

14

Crankshaft Position Sensor (CKP)

cylinders in the same sequence as the ignition firing

15

Engine Oil Temperature Sensor

order. As the fuel is injected into a close port, the

period that each charge remains in the port is even for

16

Air Conditioner Refrigerant Pressure

all cylinders, ensuring optimum mixture throughout the

17

Power Distribution Box, PCM Relay, Start

engine.

Enable Relay, Fuel Pump Relay

18

Coil On Plug (1-8)

Fuel System Components

The fuel system consists of the following components.

PCM Systems

Fuel Tank

System Overview

Fuel Pump
Fuel Supply and Return Lines

The Powertrain Control Module (PCM) manages the

powertrain, providing optimal performance, maximum

Fuel Filter

fuel economy and minimal exhaust emissions.

Fuel Rail

The PCM system manages the following:

Fuel Injector

Fuel Injection

Fuel Pressure Regulator

Ignition

Fuel tank

Throttle

The fuel tank is located at the rear of the vehicle and

Variable Camshaft Timing

contains a store of fuel to operate the engine. The fuel

Automatic Transmission Gear Shift

tank is described in more detail in Section 310-00,

Fuel Pump

Fuel System - General Information.

Air-Conditioning

Fuel pump

Evaporative Emissions

The fuel pump assembly is mounted inside the fuel

Vehicle Immobilisation

tank within a reservoir. The reservoir maintains a pool

Engine Cooling

of fuel at the pick-up point and prevents fuel

Powertrain Electric’s Diagnostics

starvation during hard acceleration, braking and

cornering. To enhance engine start-up, the fuel pump

Turbocharger (where fitted)

has a discharge check valve that maintains pressure

LPG (where fitted)

in the fuel lines after the ignition has been turned

At each engine revolution the PCM monitors driving

OFF.

conditions through signals and switches situated on

When the ignition switch is in the ON position, the

the powertrain. Optimal air, fuel, ignition and camshaft

PCM power relay is energised. The PCM ignition

settings for the current driving conditions are then

power relay provides power to the PCM and the fuel

calculated by the PCM using algorithms and look up

pump relay. The fuel pump relay is then energised by

tables stored in memory.

the PCM under certain conditions.

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Powertrain Control Management

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DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION (Continued)

The PCM monitors the Crankshaft Position Sensor

within a special fitting on the fuel rail pipe. An o-ring

(CKP) signal to determine engine speed. Once the

on the fuel injector prevents leakage around the joint.

engine is running the PCM will keep the fuel pump

On I6 engines the injectors are secured and oriented

relay energized until the engine stops. If the engine

with a clip.

does not start after two seconds, the PCM disengages

the fuel pump relay.

Fuel Supply and Return Lines

Fuel is routed to the fuel rail from the fuel tank along

the supply pipe. Excess fuel from the fuel pressure

regulator is returned to the fuel tank through the

return line. The fuel lines are described in more detail

in Section 310-00, Fuel System - General Information.

Fuel Filters

To prevent the fuel injectors becoming clogged or

contaminated with foreign material, the fuel system

contains four levels of filtering:

Fuel Pump: A filter screen is mounted on the

intake side of the fuel pump. The filter is part of

Item

Description

the assembly and cannot be replaced separately.

1

Fuel Injector

Fuel Filter Assembly: The fuel filter assembly is

2

Injector Seat

located in the fuel supply line between the fuel

3

Clip

pump and the fuel rail. The fuel filter assembly

must be periodically replaced according to the

Fuel Injector

maintenance schedule.
Fuel Pressure Regulator: A filter is located on the

CAUTION: The fuel injectors pulse open

inlet side of the fuel pressure regulator. The filter

momentarily using a signal from the PCM.

is part of the assembly and cannot be replaced

Applying battery voltage directly to the fuel

separately.

injector’s electrical connector terminals will

Fuel Injectors: A mesh screen on the inlet side of

damage the internal solenoid.

the fuel injector prevents foreign debris and

The fuel injector is a solenoid-operated valve that

materials from entering the fuel injector

meters fuel flow to the engine. The injector is opened

mechanism. The filter is part of the assembly and

and closed a constant number of times per crankshaft

cannot be replaced separately.

revolution by the Powertrain Control Module (PCM).

The length of time the injector is held open and the

Fuel Rail

fuel rail pressure controls the amount of fuel admitted

Fuel from the supply line is conveyed to the fuel

to the engine. The fuel injectors are described in more

injectors through the fuel rail and excess fuel is

detail under Components in this section.

returned to the fuel tank via the fuel pressure

regulator and return line. Each fuel injector seats

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