Defender. Manual — part 135
Glow Plug System - 2.4L Duratorq-TDCi HPCR (103kW/140PS) - Puma -
Item
Nm
lb-ft
Glow plug wiring harness nuts
2
1
Glow plugs
13
10
Glow Plug System - 2.4L Duratorq-TDCi HPCR (103kW/140PS) - Puma -
Glow Plug System
Description and Operation
COMPONENT LOCATION
Item
Part Number
Description
1
-
Glow plug wire
2
-
Glow plug(s)
OVERVIEW
The glow plugs are located in the side of the cylinder head and aid engine starting and efficiency. The glow plugs and
the glow plug indicator lamp are controlled by the Engine Control Module (ECM).
The glow plugs preheat the combustion chambers, which aids cold starting. During the preheat stage, the ECM receives
an engine temperature signal from the cylinder head temperature (CHT) sensor and this determines the preheat time.
The lower the temperature, the longer the preheat time. There is a maximum preheat time of 8 seconds at -20°C or
lower. At temperatures above 80°C there is no preheat phase.
Once the engine has started, the glow plugs enter an after-glow phase. The after-glow phase helps to improve idling
and reduce hydrocarbon emissions through more efficient combustion just after starting. The after-glow phase only
operates at engine speeds below 2500 RPM, above that, the after-glow phase is interrupted to increase the durability of
the glow plugs. There is a maximum after-glow time of 30 seconds at -20°C or lower. At temperatures above 50°C
there is no after-glow phase.
Glow Plug System - 2.4L Duratorq-TDCi HPCR (103kW/140PS) - Puma -
Glow Plug System
Diagnosis and Testing
Overview
For information on description and operation:
REFER to:
Glow Plug System
(303-07 Glow Plug System - 2.4L Duratorq-TDCi HPCR (103kW/140PS) - Puma,
Description and Operation).
Inspection and Verification
1. 1. Verify the customer concern.
2. 2. Visually inspect for obvious signs of mechanical or electrical damage.
Visual Inspection Chart
Electrical
Glow plug lamp
Fuses
- Link 1, fuse box under seat
Glow plug relay
Engine management relay
Wiring harness/connectors
Glow plugs
Engine control module (ECM)
3. 3. If an obvious cause for an observed or reported concern is found, correct the cause (if possible) before
proceeding to the next step.
4. 4. Use the approved diagnostic system or a scan tool to retrieve any diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) before
moving onto the symptom chart or DTC index.
Make sure that all DTCs are cleared following rectification.
Symptom Chart
Symptom
Possible cause
Action
Poor
starting
(extreme
weather
conditions)
Glow plugs
inoperative/inefficient
Fuel temperature too
low
- The fuel system
recycles fuel until
operating
temperature is
reached to reduce
this possibility
Check the glow plug harnesses at the glow plugs and at the connections to the
main harness. Refer to the electrical guides. Check for DTCs indicating a glow
plug fault. Rectify as necessary. Clear the DTCs and check for normal operation.
High cold-
engine
emissions
After-glow phase
inoperative
Check the glow plug harnesses at the glow plugs and at the connections to the
main harness. Refer to the electrical guides. Check for DTCs indicating a glow
plug fault. Rectify as necessary. Clear the DTCs and check for normal operation.
After-glow is designed to function at engine temperatures below 50°C (122°F),
below 2,500 rpm and for a maximum of 30 seconds after engine starting.
High cold-
engine
noise,
vibration
or
harshness
After-glow phase
inoperative
Check the glow plug harnesses at the glow plugs and at the connections to the
main harness. Refer to the electrical guides. Check for DTCs indicating a glow
plug fault. Rectify as necessary. Clear the DTCs and check for normal operation.
After-glow is designed to function at engine temperatures below 50°C (122°F),
below 2,500 rpm and for a maximum of 30 seconds after engine starting.
DTC Index
• NOTE: If a control module or component is suspect and the vehicle remains under manufacturer warranty, refer to the
Warranty Policy and Procedures manual (section B1.2), or determine if any prior approval program is in operation,
before the replacement of a component.
• NOTE: Generic scan tools may not read the codes listed, or may read only 5-digit codes. Match the 5 digits from the
scan tool to the first 5 digits of the 7-digit code listed to identify the fault (the last 2 digits give extra information read
by the manufacturer-approved diagnostic system).
• NOTE: When performing voltage or resistance tests, always use a digital multimeter (DMM) accurate to three decimal
places, and with an up-to-date calibration certificate. When testing resistance always take the resistance of the DMM
leads into account.
• NOTE: Check and rectify basic faults before beginning diagnostic routines involving pinpoint tests.
• NOTE: Inspect connectors for signs of water ingress, and pins for damage and/or corrosion.
• NOTE: If DTCs are recorded and, after performing the pinpoint tests, a fault is not present, an intermittent concern
may be the cause. Always check for loose connections and corroded terminals.
• NOTE: For a full list of engine control module (ECM) DTCs:
REFER to:
Electronic Engine Controls
(303-14 Electronic Engine Controls - 2.4L Duratorq-TDCi HPCR (103kW/140PS) -
Puma, Diagnosis and Testing).
DTC
Description
Possible cause
Action
P037D29 Glow plug relay
sensor circuit - signal
invalid
Glow plug
short circuit to
ground
Relay circuit to
relay
Relay circuit
from relay
Glow plug
relay fault
Check the relay and circuits. Refer to the electrical guides.
Activate the relay and check for an audible "click". Rectify as
necessary. Clear the DTCs and test for normal operation.
P038011 Glow plug/heater
circuit A - circuit
short to ground
Glow plug
relay control
circuit: short
circuit to
ground
Glow plug
relay fault
Check the relay and circuits. Refer to the electrical guides.
Activate the relay and check for an audible "click". Rectify as
necessary. Clear the DTCs and test for normal operation.
P038015 Glow plug/heater
circuit A - circuit
short to battery or
open
Glow plug
relay control
circuit: short
circuit to
power
Glow plug
relay control
circuit: open
circuit
Glow plug
relay fault
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