Lincoln Navigator (2022 year). Manual in english — page 27

Speed rating

Letter rating

168 mph (270 km/h)

W

186 mph (299 km/h)

Y

Note: For tires with a maximum speed
capability over 149 mph (240 km/h), tire
manufacturers sometimes use the letters
ZR. For those with a maximum speed
capability over 186 mph (299 km/h), tire
manufacturers always use the letters
ZR.

H. U.S. DOT Tire Identification Number
(TIN): This begins with the letters DOT

and indicates that the tire meets all
federal standards. The next two
numbers or letters are the plant code
designating where it was manufactured,
the next two are the tire size code and
the last four numbers represent the
week and year the tire was built. For
example, the numbers 317 mean the 31st
week of 1997. After 2000, the numbers

go to four digits. For example, 2501
means the 25th week of 2001. The
numbers in between are identification
codes used for traceability. This
information is used to contact customers
if a tire defect requires a recall.

I. M+S or M/S: Mud and Snow, or

AT: All Terrain, or

AS: All Season.
J. Tire Ply Composition and Material
Used: Indicates the number of plies or
the number of layers of rubber-coated
fabric in the tire tread and sidewall. Tire
manufacturers also must indicate the ply
materials in the tire and the sidewall,
which include steel, nylon, polyester,
and others.

K. Maximum Load: Indicates the
maximum load in kilograms and pounds
that can be carried by the tire. See the
Safety Compliance Certification Label
(affixed to either the door hinge pillar,
door-latch post, or the door edge that
meets the door-latch post, next to the
driver's seating position), for the correct
tire pressure for your vehicle.

L. Treadwear, Traction and
Temperature Grades:

*Treadwear: The treadwear grade is a
comparative rating based on the wear
rate of the tire when tested under
controlled conditions on a specified
government test course. For example,
a tire graded 150 would wear one and
one-half times as well on the
government course as a tire graded 100.

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Wheel and Tire Information

*Traction: The traction grades, from
highest to lowest are AA, A, B, and C.
The grades represent the tire's ability to
stop on wet pavement as measured
under controlled conditions on specified
government test surfaces of asphalt and
concrete. A tire marked C may have
poor traction performance.

*Temperature: The temperature grades
are A (the highest), B and C,
representing the tire's resistance to the
generation of heat and its ability to
dissipate heat when tested under
controlled conditions on a specified
indoor laboratory test wheel.

M. Maximum Inflation Pressure:
Indicates the tire manufacturers'
maximum permissible pressure or the
pressure at which the maximum load
can be carried by the tire. This pressure
is normally higher than the vehicle
manufacturer's recommended cold
inflation pressure which can be found
on the Safety Compliance Certification
Label (affixed to either the door hinge
pillar, door-latch post, or the door edge
that meets the door-latch post, next to

the driver's seating position), or Tire
Label which is located on the B-Pillar or
the edge of the driver’s door. The cold
inflation pressure should never be set
lower than the recommended pressure
on the vehicle label.

The tire suppliers may have additional
markings, notes or warnings such as
standard load or radial tubeless.

Additional Information Contained on
the Tire Sidewall for LT Type Tires

Note: Tire Quality Grades do not apply
to this type of tire.

A

B

C

B

D

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LT type tires have some additional
information beyond those of P type tires;
these differences are described below.

A. LT: Indicates a tire, designated by the
Tire and Rim Association, that is
intended for service on light trucks.

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Wheel and Tire Information

B. Load Range and Load Inflation
Limits: Indicates the tire's load-carrying
capabilities and its inflation limits.

C. Maximum Load Dual lb (kg) at psi
(kPa) cold: Indicates the maximum load
and tire pressure when the tire is used
as a dual, defined as four tires on the
rear axle (a total of six or more tires on
the vehicle).

D. Maximum Load Single lb (kg) at psi
(kPa) cold: Indicates the maximum load
and tire pressure when the tire is used
as a single, defined as two tires (total)
on the rear axle.

Information on T Type Tires

T145/80D16 is an example of a tire size.

Note: The temporary tire size for your
vehicle may be different from this
example. Tire Quality Grades do not
apply to this type of tire.

A

B

C

D

E

E142545

T type tires have some additional
information beyond those of P type tires;
these differences are described below:

A. T: Indicates a type of tire, designated

by the Tire and Rim Association, that is
intended for temporary service on cars,
sport utility vehicles, minivans and light
trucks.

B. 145: Indicates the nominal width of
the tire in millimeters from sidewall edge
to sidewall edge. In general, the larger
the number, the wider the tire.

C. 80: Indicates the aspect ratio which
gives the tire's ratio of height to width.
Numbers of 70 or lower indicate a short
sidewall.

D. D: Indicates a diagonal type tire.

R: Indicates a radial type tire.

E. 16: Indicates the wheel or rim
diameter in inches. If you change your
wheel size, you will have to purchase
new tires to match the new wheel
diameter.

442

Wheel and Tire Information

GLOSSARY OF TIRE
TERMINOLOGY

*Tire label: A label showing the original
equipment tire sizes, recommended
inflation pressure and the maximum
weight the vehicle can carry.

*Tire Identification Number (TIN): A
number on the sidewall of each tire
providing information about the tire
brand and manufacturing plant, tire size
and date of manufacture. Also referred
to as DOT code.

*Inflation pressure: A measure of the
amount of air in a tire.

*Standard load: A class of P-metric or
Metric tires designed to carry a
maximum load at set pressure. For
example: For P-metric tires 35 psi

(2.4 bar) and for Metric tires 36 psi
(2.5 bar). Increasing the inflation
pressure beyond this pressure will not
increase the tire’s load carrying
capability.

*Extra load: A class of P-metric or Metric
tires designed to carry a heavier
maximum load at 42 psi (2.9 bar).
Increasing the inflation pressure beyond
this pressure will not increase the tire’s
load carrying capability.

*kPa: Kilopascal, a metric unit of air
pressure.

*PSI: Pounds per square inch, a standard
unit of air pressure.

*Cold tire pressure: The tire pressure
when the vehicle has been stationary
and out of direct sunlight for an hour or
more and prior to the vehicle being
driven for 1 mi (1.6 km).

*Recommended inflation pressure: The
cold inflation pressure found on the
Safety Compliance Certification Label
(affixed to either the door hinge pillar,
door-latch post, or the door edge that
meets the door-latch post, next to the
driver's seating position), or Tire Label
located on the B-Pillar or the edge of the
driver door.

* B-pillar: The structural member at the
side of the vehicle behind the front door.

*Bead area of the tire: Area of the tire
next to the rim.

* Sidewall of the tire: Area between the
bead area and the tread.

*Tread area of the tire: Area of the
perimeter of the tire that contacts the
road when mounted on the vehicle.
*Rim: The metal support (wheel) for a
tire or a tire and tube assembly upon
which the tire beads are seated.

443

Wheel and Tire Information

TIRE REPLACEMENT
REQUIREMENTS

AGE

WARNING: Tires degrade over

time depending on many factors such
as weather, storage conditions, and
conditions of use (load, speed, inflation
pressure) the tires experience
throughout their lives.
In general, tires should be replaced
after six years regardless of tread
wear. However, heat caused by hot
climates or frequent high loading
conditions can accelerate the aging
process and may require tires to be
replaced more frequently.
You should replace your spare tire
when you replace the road tires or
after six years due to aging even if it
has not been used.

U.S. DOT Tire Identification Number

Both United States and Canada Federal
regulations require tire manufacturers
to place standardized information on the
sidewall of all tires. This information
identifies and describes the fundamental

characteristics of the tire and also
provides a U.S. DOT Tire Identification
Number for safety standard certification
and in case of a recall.
This begins with the letters DOT and
indicates that the tire meets all federal
standards. The next two numbers or
letters are the plant code designating
where it was manufactured, the next two
are the tire size code and the last four
numbers represent the week and year
the tire was built. For example, the
numbers 317 mean the 31st week of
1997. After 2000, the numbers go to four
digits. For example, 2501 means the
25th week of 2001. The numbers in
between are identification codes used
for traceability. This information is used
to contact customers if a tire defect
requires a recall.

Tire Replacement Requirements

Your vehicle is equipped with tires
designed to provide a safe ride and
handling capability.

WARNING: Only use

replacement tires and wheels that are
the same size, load index, speed rating
and type (such as P-metric versus
LT-metric or all-season versus
all-terrain) as those originally provided
by Ford. The recommended tire and
wheel size may be found on either the
Safety Compliance Certification Label
(affixed to either the door hinge pillar,
door-latch post, or the door edge that
meets the door-latch post, next to the
driver's seating position), or the Tire
Label which is located on the B-Pillar
or edge of the driver's door. If this
information is not found on these
labels, then you should contact your
authorized dealer as soon as possible.
Use of any tire or wheel not

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Wheel and Tire Information

recommended by Ford can affect the
safety and performance of your
vehicle, which could result in an
increased risk of loss of vehicle
control, vehicle rollover, personal
injury and death.

WARNING: To reduce the risk of

serious injury, when mounting
replacement tires and wheels, you
should not exceed the maximum
pressure indicated on the sidewall of
the tire to set the beads without
additional precautions listed below. If
the beads do not seat at the maximum
pressure indicated, re-lubricate and
try again.

WARNING: For a mounting

pressure more than 20 psi (1.38 bar)
greater than the maximum pressure,
a Ford dealer or other tire service
professional should do the mounting.

WARNING: Always inflate steel

carcass tires with a remote air fill with
the person inflating standing at a
minimum of 12 ft (3.66 m) away from
the wheel and tire assembly.

WARNING: When inflating the

tire for mounting pressures up to
20 psi (1.38 bar) greater than the
maximum pressure on the tire sidewall,
the following precautions must be
taken to protect the person mounting
the tire:

•

Make sure that you have the correct
tire and wheel size.

•

Lubricate the tire bead and wheel
bead seat area again.

•

Stand at a minimum of 12 ft (3.66 m)
away from the wheel and tire
assembly.

•

Use both eye and ear protection.

Important: Remember to replace the
wheel valve stems when the road tires
are replaced on your vehicle.

It is recommended that the two front
tires or two rear tires generally be
replaced as a pair if the worn tires still
have usable depth.

To avoid potential Four-Wheel Drive
(4WD) malfunction or (4WD) system
damage, it is recommended to replace
all four tires rather than mixing
significantly worn tires with new tires.

The tire pressure sensors mounted in
the wheels (originally installed on your
vehicle) are not designed to be used in
aftermarket wheels.

The use of wheels or tires not
recommended may affect the operation
of your tire pressure monitoring system.

If the tire pressure monitoring system
indicator is flashing, your system is
malfunctioning. Your replacement tire
might be incompatible with your tire
pressure monitoring system, or some
component of the system may be
damaged.

445

Wheel and Tire Information

USING SNOW CHAINS

WARNING: Do not exceed 30 mph

(50 km/h). Failure to follow this instruction
could result in the loss of control of your
vehicle, personal injury or death.

WARNING: Do not use snow chains

on snow-free roads.

WARNING: Only fit snow chains to

specified tires.

WARNING: If your vehicle is fitted

with wheel trims, remove them before
fitting snow chains.

WARNING: If you choose to install

snow tires on your vehicle, they must be
the same size, construction, and load range
as the original tires listed on the tire
placard, and they must be installed on all
four wheels. Mixing tires of different size
or construction on your vehicle can
adversely affect your vehicle's handling
and braking, and may lead to loss of
vehicle control.

WARNING: Wheels and tires must

be the same size, load index and speed
rating as those originally fitted on the
vehicle. Use of any other tire or wheel can
affect the safety and performance of your
vehicle. Additionally, the use of
non-recommended tires and wheels can
cause steering, suspension, axle, transfer
case or power transfer unit failure. Follow
the recommended tire inflation pressures

found on the Safety Compliance
Certification label, or the Tire Label on the
B-Pillar or the edge of the driver door.
Failure to follow this instruction could result
in loss of vehicle control, vehicle rollover,
or personal injury or death.

Only use snow chains on rear wheels. Install
snow chains in pairs. Do not use
self-tensioning snow chains.

Only use snow chains on the following
specified tire sizes. Only install chains that
are 15mm or less (SAE Class S chains).

•

265/70R17

•

275/65R18

We recommend you use steel wheels of the
same size and specification if snow chains
are required because chains may chip
aluminum wheels.

Follow these guidelines when using snow
tires and traction devices:

446

Wheel and Tire Information

•

If possible, avoid fully loading your
vehicle.

•

Purchase snow chains from a
manufacturer that clearly labels body to
tire dimension restrictions.

•

When driving with snow chains do not
exceed 30 mph (50 km/h) or the
maximum speed recommended by the
chain manufacturer, whichever is less.

•

Drive cautiously. If you hear the snow
chains rub or bang against the vehicle,
stop and tighten them. If this does not
work, remove the snow chains to prevent
vehicle damage.

•

Remove the snow chains when they are
no longer needed. Do not use snow
chains on dry roads.

•

If a temporary spare wheel is mounted
on your vehicle, do not use snow chains
on the axle with the temporary spare
wheel.

E292547

447

Wheel and Tire Information

Use snow chains that fit against the sidewall
of the tire to prevent the chains from
touching the wheel rims or suspension. Refer
to the previous illustration.

If you have any questions regarding snow
chains, please contact your authorized
dealer.

448

Wheel and Tire Information

CHECKING THE TIRE PRESSURES

Safe operation of your vehicle requires
that your tires are properly inflated.
Every day before you drive, check your
tires.

At least once a month and before long
trips, inspect each tire and check the tire
pressure with a tire gauge. Inflate all
tires to the recommended inflation
pressure. See Inflating the Tires (page
449).

INFLATING THE TIRES

WARNING: Under-inflation is the

most common cause of tire failures
and may result in severe tire cracking,
tread separation or blowout, with
unexpected loss of vehicle control and
increased risk of injury. Under-inflation
increases sidewall flexing and rolling
resistance, resulting in heat buildup

and internal damage to the tire. It also
may result in unnecessary tire stress,
irregular wear, loss of vehicle control
and accidents. A tire can lose up to
half of its air pressure and not appear
to be flat!

WARNING: Do not use the tire

pressure displayed in the information
display as a tire pressure gauge.
Failure to follow this instruction could
result in personal injury or death.

Use the recommended cold inflation
pressure for optimum tire performance
and wear. Under-inflation or
over-inflation may cause uneven
treadwear patterns.
Inflate your tires to the recommended
inflation pressure even if it is less than
the maximum inflation pressure
information found on the tire. You can
find the tire label with the recommended
tire inflation pressure next to the tire size
on the B-Pillar or the edge of the driver
door.

The recommended tire inflation pressure
is also found on the Safety Compliance
Certification Label, affixed to either the
door hinge pillar, door-latch post, or the
door edge that meets the door-latch on
the B-pillar, or on the edge of the driver
door.

Failure to follow the tire pressure
recommendations can cause uneven
treadwear patterns and adversely affect
the way your vehicle handles.

INSPECTING THE TIRE FOR WEAR

E142546

449

Tire Care

When the tread is worn down to one
sixteenth of an inch (2 mm), tires must
be replaced to help prevent your vehicle
from skidding and hydroplaning. Built-in
treadwear indicators, or wear bars,
which look like narrow strips of smooth
rubber across the tread will appear on
the tire when the tread is worn down to
one sixteenth of an inch (2 mm).

When the tire tread wears down to the
same height as these wear bars, the tire
is worn out and must be replaced.

The tires should also be balanced
periodically. An unbalanced tire and
wheel assembly may result in irregular
tire wear.

Periodically inspect the tire treads for
uneven or excessive wear and remove
objects such as stones, nails or glass
that may be wedged in the tread
grooves.

INSPECTING THE TIRE FOR
DAMAGE

Inspect the tire sidewalls for cracking,
cuts, bruises and other signs of damage
or excessive wear. If internal damage to
the tire is suspected, have the tire
dismounted and inspected in case it
needs to be repaired or replaced. For
your safety, tires that are damaged or
show signs of excessive wear should
not be used because they are more
likely to blow out or fail.

Periodically inspect the tire treads and
sidewalls for damage, such as bulges in
the tread or sidewalls, cracks in the
tread groove and separation in the tread
or sidewall. If damage is observed or
suspected, have the tire inspected by a
tire professional.

Safety Practices

WARNING: If your vehicle is

stuck in snow, mud or sand, do not
rapidly spin the tires; spinning the tires
can tear the tire and cause an
explosion. A tire can explode in as little
as three to five seconds.

WARNING: Do not spin the

wheels at over 34 mph (55 km/h). The
tires may fail and injure a passenger
or bystander.

Highway Hazards

No matter how carefully you drive, there
is always the possibility that you could
eventually have a flat tire on the
highway. Drive slowly to the closest safe
area out of traffic. This could further
damage the flat tire, but your safety is
more important.

450

Tire Care

If you feel a sudden vibration or ride
disturbance while driving, or you suspect
your tire or vehicle has been damaged,
immediately reduce your speed. Drive
with caution until you can safely pull off
the road. Stop and inspect the tires for
damage. If a tire is under-inflated or
damaged, deflate it, remove the wheel
and replace it with your spare tire and
wheel. If you cannot detect a cause,
have the vehicle towed to the nearest
repair facility or tire dealer to have the
vehicle inspected.

Tire and Wheel Alignment

A bad jolt from hitting a curb or pothole
can cause the front end of your vehicle
to become misaligned or cause damage
to your tires. If your vehicle seems to
pull to one side when you are driving,
the wheels could be out of alignment.
Have an authorized dealer check the
wheel alignment periodically.

Wheel misalignment in the front or the
rear can cause uneven and rapid
treadwear of your tires and should be
corrected by an authorized dealer.

INSPECTING THE WHEEL VALVE
STEMS

Check the valve stems for holes, cracks,
or cuts that could permit air leakage.

TIRE ROTATION

WARNING: If the tire label shows

different tire pressures for the front
and rear tires and the vehicle has a
tire pressure monitoring system, then
you need to update the settings for
the system sensors. Always perform
the system reset procedure after tire
rotation. If you do not reset the system,
it may not provide a low tire pressure
warning when necessary.

Rotating your tires at the recommended
interval will help your tires wear more
evenly, providing better tire performance
and longer tire life.

Note: If your tires show any uneven
wear have the alignment checked by
an authorized dealer before rotating
tires.

Note: If you have a dissimilar spare
wheel and tire assembly, it is intended
for temporary use only and should not
be used in a tire rotation.

Note: After having your tires rotated,
inflation pressure must be checked and
adjusted to the vehicle requirements.

Tire Rotation Diagram

Follow the diagram indicating the correct
tire locations for rotating the tires.

451

Tire Care

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452

Tire Care

WHAT IS THE TIRE PRESSURE
MONITORING SYSTEM

The tire pressure monitoring
system measures the vehicle's tire
pressures. A warning lamp

illuminates if one or more tires are
significantly underinflated or if there is a
system malfunction.

TIRE PRESSURE MONITORING
SYSTEM OVERVIEW

WARNING: If the tire pressure

monitor sensor becomes damaged it may
not function.

WARNING: Under-inflation is the

most common cause of tire failures and
may result in severe tire cracking, tread
separation or blowout, with unexpected
loss of vehicle control and increased risk
of injury. Under-inflation increases sidewall
flexing and rolling resistance, resulting in

heat buildup and internal damage to the
tire. It also may result in unnecessary tire
stress, irregular wear, loss of vehicle
control and accidents. A tire can lose up
to half of its air pressure and not appear
to be flat!

WARNING: To determine the

required pressure(s) for your vehicle, see
the Safety Compliance Certification Label
(on the door hinge pillar, door-latch post
or the door edge that meets the door-latch
post, next to the driver seat) or the Tire
Label on the B-Pillar or the edge of the
driver door.

Each tire, including the spare (if provided),
should be checked monthly when cold and
inflated to the inflation pressure
recommended by the vehicle manufacturer
on the vehicle placard or tire inflation
pressure label. (If your vehicle has tires of a
different size than the size indicated on the
vehicle placard or tire inflation pressure label,
you should determine the proper tire inflation
pressure for those tires).

As an added safety feature, your vehicle has
been equipped with a Tire Pressure
Monitoring System (TPMS) that illuminates a
low tire pressure telltale when one or more
of your tires is significantly under-inflated.
Accordingly, when the low tire pressure
telltale illuminates, you should stop and
check your tires as soon as possible, and
inflate them to the proper pressure. Driving
on a significantly under-inflated tire causes
the tire to overheat and can lead to tire
failure. Under-inflation also reduces fuel
efficiency and tire tread life, and may affect
the vehicle’s handling and stopping ability.

Please note that the TPMS is not a substitute
for proper tire maintenance, and it is the
driver’s responsibility to maintain correct tire
pressure, even if under-inflation has not
reached the level to trigger illumination of
the TPMS low tire pressure telltale.

453

Tire Pressure Monitoring System

Your vehicle has also been equipped with a
TPMS malfunction indicator to indicate when
the system is not operating properly. The
TPMS malfunction indicator is combined with
the low tire pressure telltale. When the
system detects a malfunction, the telltale will
flash for approximately one minute and then
remain continuously illuminated. This
sequence will continue upon subsequent
vehicle start-ups as long as the malfunction
exists.

When the malfunction indicator is illuminated,
the system may not be able to detect or
signal low tire pressure as intended. TPMS
malfunctions may occur for a variety of
reasons, including the installation of
replacement or alternate tires or wheels on
the vehicle that prevent the TPMS from
functioning properly. Always check the TPMS
malfunction telltale after replacing one or
more tires or wheels on your vehicle to
ensure that the replacement or alternate tires
and wheels allow the TPMS to continue to
function properly.

WARNING: Changes or modifications

not expressively approved by the party
responsible for compliance could void the
user's authority to operate the equipment.
The term "IC:" before the radio certification
number only signifies that Industry Canada
technical specifications were met.

This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC
Rules and with License exempt RSS
Standards of Industry Canada. Operation is
subject to the following two conditions:

1. This device may not cause harmful

interference, and

2. This device must accept any interference

received, including interference that may
cause undesired operation.

TIRE PRESSURE MONITORING
SYSTEM PRECAUTIONS

WARNING: The tire pressure

monitoring system is not a substitute for
manually checking tire pressures. You
should periodically check tire pressures
using a pressure gauge. Failure to correctly
maintain tire pressures could increase the
risk of tire failure, loss of control, vehicle
rollover and personal injury.

WARNING: Do not use the tire

pressure displayed in the information
display as a tire pressure gauge. Failure to
follow this instruction could result in
personal injury or death.

Note: The use of tire sealants can damage
the tire pressure monitoring system.

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Tire Pressure Monitoring System

TIRE PRESSURE MONITORING
SYSTEM LIMITATIONS

When the outside temperature drops
significantly, the tire pressure could decrease
and activate the low tire pressure warning
lamp.

The warning lamp could also illuminate when
you use a spare wheel, or tire sealant from
the inflator kit.

Note: Regularly checking the vehicle tire
pressures can reduce the possibility for the
warning lamp to illuminate due to outside
air temperature changes.

Note: After you inflate the tires to the
recommended pressure it could take up to
two minutes of driving over 20 mph (32 km/h)
for the warning indicator to turn off.

VIEWING THE TIRE PRESSURES

E224333

Using the information display arrow keys
navigate to the truck info section where
you can view the tire pressures.

RESETTING TIRE PRESSURE
MONITORING SYSTEM

Tire Pressure Monitoring System Reset
Procedure

WARNING: To determine the

required pressure(s) for your vehicle,
see the Safety Compliance
Certification Label (on the door hinge
pillar, door-latch post or the door edge
that meets the door-latch post, next to
the driver seat) or the Tire Label on
the B-Pillar or the edge of the driver
door.

You must reset the tire pressure
monitoring system after each tire
rotation on vehicles that require different
recommended tire pressures in the front
tires as compared to the rear tires.

455

Tire Pressure Monitoring System