Range Rover Classic. Manual — part 112
FRONT SUSPENSION
1
SPECIFICATIONS, TORQUE
TORQUE VALUES
NOTE: Torque wrenches should be regularly checked for accuracy to ensure that all fixings are
tightened to the correct torque.
Nm
Anti-roll bar front
- Strap nyloc nuts
30
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
- Ball link self lock nut
68
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
- Castellated nut
40
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Drag link to axle
40
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Securing ring for mounting turret
14
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
Radius arm to chassis
175
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
Panhard rod mounting arm to chassis
88
. . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
Panhard rod to axle
88
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Panhard rod to mounting bracket
88
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
Tie bar to Panhard rod
110
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
Radius arm to axle (front only)
200
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
Torque values below are for all screws and bolts used except for those that are specified otherwise.
METRIC
Nm
M5
6
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
M6
9
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
M8
25
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
M10
45
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
M12
90
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
M14
105
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
M16
180
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
UNC / UNF
1/4
9
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
5/16
24
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
3/8
39
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7/16
78
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
1/2
90
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5/8
136
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
REAR SUSPENSION
1
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
AXLE LOCATION
Longitudinal location of the rear axle is by 2 long, rubber trailing links which allow maximum vertical movement of
the wheels. Lateral movement of the axle is prevented by a centrally mounted ’A’ frame. This frame assembly
consists of ’I’ section steel secured at the apex by a ball joint which is mounted on top of the axle to the left of the
differential housing. The open end of the ’A’ frame is bolted to the underside of the chassis cross-member. This
permits vertical movement of the axle while articulation takes place around the ball joint, with the resultant
controlled ride over rough terrain.
Rear axle suspension
1. "A" frame upper link assembly - transverse location
2. Trailing links - longitudinal location
3. Coil springs
4. Shock absorbers
5. Self levelling unit
Long travel coil springs and hydraulic shock absorbers, provide the springing for each wheel. On the rear only, a
self levelling unit is mounted in conjunction with the "A" frame to provide automatic self levelling of the vehicle,
when heavily loaded or towing a trailer.
64
REAR SUSPENSION
2
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
SELF LEVELLING UNIT
DESCRIPTION
The levelling unit fitted to the rear axle is a self
contained and sealed for life hydropneumatic device,
which resembles a large telescopic damper. The unit
utilizes the energy produced by the relative movement
of the axle to the vehicle, when the vehicle is in
motion, to maintain the vehicle at nominally level
height. The unit will compensate for additional loads
placed on the vehicle up to the recommended
maximum. Excess load beyond the design limits of the
unit will prevent it levelling the vehicle but, will not
impede its capabilities as a damper.
OPERATION
Levelling the suspension (Pumping up)
The unit, contains hydraulic fluid and an inert gas,
pressurised to approximately 65 bar during
manufacture. The gas which provides the springing
medium, is contained in two chambers A and B and is
separated from the fluid by rubber sleeves. The
movement of the axle and pumping action of the
piston shaft when the vehicle is in motion, causes fluid
to be transferred from the lower chamber to the upper
chamber via internal valves 1 and 2 and high pressure
chamber C. As the fluid is transferred to the upper
section of the unit, pressure is applied to the gas in
chamber A which provides the springing. At the same
time the piston shaft is forced outwards increasing the
operating length of the levelling unit.
Level position (Fluid circulates)
When the optimum level position is reached, as
illustrated in RR3812M, fluid pumped from the lower
section to the upper section as previously explained,
circulates via valve 3 and port 4 back to the lower
section.
Full bump/over load
If the vehicle suspension encounters a large ’bump’ in
the road or is over loaded the unit provides a damping
effect only, as valves 5 and 1 are forced open allowing
the pressure to escape from the upper to the lower
chamber.
Full rebound
If the vehicle suspension encounters a large ’hole’ in
the road, the unit extends causing port 4 to allow free
flow of fluid between the upper and lower chambers
and the pressures to equalise.
REAR SUSPENSION
1
FAULT DIAGNOSIS
SELF LEVELLING UNIT
Functional check
Before carrying out checks, verify vehicle is used
within specified maximum loading capability.
1. Check levelling unit for excessive oil leakage, if
so, change unit. Slight oil seepage is
permissible.
2. Remove excessive mud deposits from
underneath vehicle and any heavy items from
vehicle that are not original equipment.
3. Measure clearance between rear axle bump pad
and bump stop rubber at front outer corner on
both sides. Average clearance should be in
excess of 67mm. If less, remove rear springs
and check their free length against Road Spring
Data.
See GENERAL SPECIFICATION DATA,
Information, Road Spring Data
4. Replace any spring whose free length is more
than 20mm shorter than figure given. If after
replacing a spring the average bump clearance
is still less than 67mm, replace levelling unit.
5. With rear seat upright, load 450 kg into rear of
vehicle, distributing the load evenly. Check bump
stop clearance, with driving seat occupied.
6. Drive vehicle for 5km (3 miles) over undulating
roads or graded tracks. Stop vehicle without
disturbing loading. With driving seat occupied,
check bump stop clearance again.
7. If change in clearance is less than 20mm
levelling unit must be replaced.
See Repair,
Levelling Unit
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