DAF LF45, LF55 Series. Manual — part 348
5
LF45/55 series
Safety instructions
BATTERIES
1-1
1. SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
1.1 BATTERIES
-
Always remove the earth lead before
working on batteries.
-
When connecting battery leads, always
connect the earth lead last.
-
Always handle batteries carefully and hold
them upright.
-
The sulphuric acid in the batteries is an
aggressive and poisonous liquid. While
working on batteries, wear protective
clothing, gloves and safety goggles.
-
In case of contact with cloths, the skin or
the eyes, wash immediately with copious
amounts of water. Consult a doctor in case
of contact with eyes or skin.
-
When topping up batteries, never allow the
fluid level to rise more than 10 mm above
the plates or to go higher than the
level indicator.
-
Never put down tools or other materials that
could accidentally short-circuit the battery
terminals on the batteries or in the vicinity of
batteries. Short-circuited battery terminals
may cause the battery to explode.
-
Secure the batteries well after completing
the work, but not too tightly.
1.2 BATTERY CHARGING
-
During battery charging, an explosive gas
mixture may be released.
-
Only charge batteries in a well ventilated
area.
-
Never smoke or allow naked flames or
sparks in the vicinity of the battery.
-
Allow frozen batteries to thaw before
charging.
-
Switch the charger off before disconnecting
the leads to the battery.
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BATTERIES
Safety instructions
LF45/55 series
1-2
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5
LF45/55 series
Charging batteries
BATTERIES
2-1
2. CHARGING BATTERIES
2.1 GENERAL
-
A battery may only be charged using DC
current. Connect the positive terminal of the
battery to the positive (+) connection of the
charger and the negative terminal of the
battery to the negative (--) connection of the
charger.
The cell sealing plugs may remain on the
battery during charging (except during fast
charging).
During charging, the cell voltage will rise.
This increase in voltage depends on the
charging current applied and the
temperature. During normal charging, the
cell voltage will rise from about 2 volts/cell
to about 2.65 volts/cell. If a charging voltage
of about 2.35 to 2.4 volts/cell (about
14.2 volts in a 12 V battery) is exceeded,
this will start off active gas development.
As a consequence of the rise in voltage
during charging, the charging current will,
as a rule, fall gradually.
Overcharging will reduce the service life of
a battery.
-
If the charging of the battery is continued
after it has been fully charged (even with a
low current), this will lead to corrosion
(corrosive attack) of the grids of the positive
battery plates. This type of wear leads to
premature redundancy of the battery.
Depending on the capacity of the charger,
the normal charging time is between 8 and
15 hours.
If during charging the temperature of the
battery acid rises to more than 55_C, the
charging should be stopped. High
temperatures reduce the service life of the
battery.
-
A battery may be said to be charged if the
charging voltage has not increased for more
than 2 hours and the acid density (relative
density) has reached the nominal value (for
example, 1.28 kg/dm
3
) and does not rise
further.
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BATTERIES
Charging batteries
LF45/55 series
2-2
-
A charged battery must be used
immediately. If this is not possible, maintain
the battery as described in the section
“Storage of batteries”.
-
A discharged battery must be charged as
soon as possible. If a discharged battery is
not recharged, the battery plates may
become sulphated (i.e. hard), which will
lead to permanent loss of capacity.
2.2 METHODS OF CHARGING
Always disconnect the battery
clamps before charging.
Normal charging
-
Normal charging is done to restore partially
or fully discharged batteries to full capacity.
In most cases, a charging current of
1
/
20
to
1
/
10
of the capacity is selected.
-
It is important to reduce the charging
current during gas development and to
switch the charger off when the battery is
charged.
Fast charging
-
With this charging method, multiples of the
normal charge current (approx. 3 to 5 times)
are used in order to achieve an acceptable
charge condition in the shortest possible
time.
-
Before fast charging, remove the battery
leads in order to prevent damage to the
electronic components.
-
Remove the cell sealing plugs so that the
released gases can easily escape.
-
To prevent overcharging, switch to a lower
charging current on reaching the gas
pressure (2.35 to 2.4 volts/cell).
Note:
Avoid fast charging. Only use this method in
exceptional cases. Fast charging causes
battery overloading, which reduces the
service life of the battery.
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