Ford Falcon. Manual — part 312
412-03-21 Air
Conditioning 412-03-21
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING (Continued)
Normal Low side Pressure
Air Conditioning System Performance Test Diagnostics
Vent temp
Disch press
Suct press
Clutch on time
Fault
Likely cause
High
High
High
Long to
Low condenser air Blocked condenser or
continuous
flow.
radiator core.
One or both cooling
fans not working.
Non approved parts
blocking air flow.
Hot air
Only one cooling fan
recirculating
operating.
through the
Radiator heat shields
condenser.
missing.
High
High
Normal to high Long to
Air in the system. Poor evacuation.
continuous
High
Normal to high Normal to low
Long to
Low refrigerant to Blocked or wrong size
continuous
the evaporator.
orifice.
High
Normal to high Normal
Long to
Low refrigerant
Leaking joint, pipe, or
continuous
charge.
component.
Normal to
Normal to low
Normal
Long to
Partial blockage
Contamination in
high
continuous
of the evaporator
refrigerant circuit.
refrigerant circuit. Damaged, crimped or
dented evaporator
tubes.
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412-03-22 Air
Conditioning 412-03-22
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING (Continued)
Vent temp
Disch press
Suct press
Clutch on time
Fault
Likely cause
High
Normal
Normal
Long to
Heat pick up in air Fresh/recirc door not
continuous
inlet system.
fully in recirc or
leaking.
Hot engine
compartment air
drawn into the inlet.
Excessive oil in
Failure to flush before
system.
changing compressor.
High
Normal
Normal
Normal
Heat pick up in
Temp control not
the air delivery
achieving full.
system. (after the
evaporator core)
High
Low
Normal
Long to
Condenser
Damaged or crimped
continuous
refrigerant flow
condenser tube.
low.
Contaminants blocking
refrigerant circuit.
High
Low
High
Long to
Poor compressor
Worn or damaged
continuous
performance.
compressor.
Compressor drive belt
or clutch slipping.
Restricted suction Delaminated, crimped
line.
or block suction line.
Normal to
Normal to low
High
Long to
Insufficient
Wrong orifice tube
high
continuous
restriction at
fitted.
orifice.
Damaged or missing
orifice tube ‘O’ ring.
Normal
High
Normal to high Normal
Refrigerant over
Topping up instead of
charge.
full evac and charge.
Normal
Normal to low
Normal to low
short
Low evaporator
Partially blocked
airflow.
evaporator fins.
Restriction in recirc
duct.
Low
Normal to low
Normal to low
continuous
Clutch not
Evaporator air off
disengaging.
thermistor faulty or not
clipped into the correct
core location
R-134a fluorescent tracer dye has been added to the
A/C System Leak Test
A/C system of this vehicle, supplied in the
Two options are available for detection of joint leaks.
accumulator. The refrigerant dye has a limited life of
~500 hours of air conditioning operation.
1. Refrigerant R-134a Leakage detection
Leak checking can be performed with an ultra-violet
NOTE: For more information, refer to Electronic leak
lamp and viewed through U.V. glasses.
detection in this section.
A/C system pressure must be above 551kPa (80psi)
for this operation, and the A/C system must have run
Refrigerant leakage can be determined by a leak
for ~15 minutes prior to leak testing, to allow the dye
detector. Be sure to remove all oil from the test area
to mix thoroughly.
before using the leak detector, because the oil may
contain refrigerant which would give erroneous
Scan all components, fittings and lines with Rotunda
readings.
ultra-violet 164-R0721 or equivalent.
Check for leakage at the compressor shaft seal, and
Leaks can be pin-pointed by bright yellow-green glow
at all system fittings and lines as detailed in Joint
of the tracer dye.
Locations in this Section.
After the leak is repaired, the traces of dye can be
removed from previously leaking areas by using any
2. Alternative Leak detection (leak tracer dye)
general purpose oil solvent.
NOTE: For more information, refer to Fluorescent Dye
leak detection in this section.
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412-03-23 Air
Conditioning 412-03-23
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING (Continued)
A/C System Noise Test
All compressor driven air conditioning systems will emit noise. Careful system tuning has been undertaken to
suppress most noise emissions. However, with improvements to cabin quietness, customer complaints for
noise, vibration and harshness may need to be addressed. The following chart and proceeding explanations
help with these issues.
Action
Conditions
Inquire about customer complaint
What kind of noise (tone/loudness).
When noise occurs (first time etc.).
Where is it heard from
What conditions it occurs in
Validate the customer claim
Reproduce conditions that noise occurs in
Detail what, when, where noise occurs
Check air conditioning system
Check system layout.
Check gas pressures
Check belt tension and alignment
Make judgement on type of noise
Use attached notes to judge noise
Detail what and where noise occurs
Find noise source and transmission path
Isolate source to verify
Make repair and judge affect
Remove source (replace, unbolt) if faulty component
Mask noise source if possible
Mask transmission path (insulate)
Explain your findings to customer
Detail your activities
If required, request owner to document when noise complaint occurs
to help investigation
Test Procedure
NOTE: This test is used to identify customer complaints.
Vehicle Conditions
Ensure the system is not over charged with refrigerant by conducting an A/C System Performance Test.
Inspect to confirm that system is assembled correctly. That is, compressor is fastened to bracket, drive
belt is tight, condenser is rubber mounted, A/C pipework is not touching body, retaining clamps are in
correct positions, etc.
1. Reproduce the customer complaint noise. (complaint needs to be clearly identified).
2. Gauge if noise is abnormal (it is important to understand the characteristics of the vehicle in its normal
state, to judge what is abnormal). Seek additional advice if necessary.
3. Detail what and how noise occurs.
4. Find the noise source and verify it’s transmission path by isolating suspect part from the vehicle. That is,
float condenser or A/C piping in space to cut the transmission path, etc. If the noise disappears, this
validates the noise source or transmission path.
5. Identify the best method to remove the source. If not possible, mask the source output or isolate the
transmission path.
6. Explain you investigations to the owner, as they are attuned to a noise, and it may be difficult for them to
accept that the total removal of the noise may not be possible. With noise issues, improvement can often
be made but complete removal cannot always be achieved (eg. if the noise complaint is a characteristic of
the actual car or a normal A/C system operating characteristic) . Detailing your findings will make your
explanation easier.
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412-03-24 Air
Conditioning 412-03-24
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING (Continued)
A/C Noise Symptom Chart
Condition
Source
Action
Internal wear of compressor -
Lack of lubricating oil. In a system with
Check rattling noise from compressor,
Mechanical ‘rattling’ noise occurs with
a gas leak, the oil has escaped with
using a screwdriver to hear
the refrigerant.
compressor internals. Replace
compressor engagement
Lack of lubricating oil has caused wear
compressor and also fix the system
leak to prevent recurrence. Likewise, if
to the compressor internal surfaces.
you detect a leak in the system,
estimate and add refrigerant oil to A/C
system to ensure future compressor
reliability.
Resonant noise with accessory - With
Cause is due to drive accessory
Check the drive accessories. If
A/C on, a ‘cooing’ or ‘woo’ noise can
resonating at specific engine speed.
accessory can be isolated (press down
be heard inside the car. Vibration of
The vibrations are transmitted to the
with a screwdriver) the noise level will
steering wheel can also occur.
be lowered. Repair method can be to
vehicle body causing the noise.
Because resonant noise is similar to
stop vibrations of the assembly or
compressor pulsation noise, you must
modify transmission route to the
distinguish by different checking
vehicle body.
method.
Compressor discharge pulsation noise
Cause is pressure fluctuation of
To check:
- With A/C on, a rumbling noise is
refrigerant discharged from
– Remove the discharge hose
heard inside the vehicle. Vibration of
compressor vibrating the high pressure
mounting clamp and recheck.
steering can also occur. The noise
piping, and abnormal noise occurs by
– Float the condenser without
level rises if the outside temperature is
attachments and recheck.
resonating with the car.
To
repair:
high.
– Put rubber bush between pipe
clamps.
– If not fixed, decrease refrigerant to
minimum specified level.
For module configurations that effect the air
Module Configuration
conditioning refrigerant system, refer to:
Special Tool(s)
EEC/PCM. . ..303-14
WDS Diagnostic System (WDS) HIM. . . . ..412-04
ICC. . . . ..413-08
BEM. . . . .419-10
WDS Parameter Identifier (PID) chart
Special Tool(s)
The air conditioning refrigerant system does not itself
WDS Workshop Diagnostic
contain any programmable modules, but the operation
System
of the climate control system and the output of some
A/C Sensors rely on a number of programmable
modules. These modules are accessed via the WDS
service tool, and the modules may require
re-configuring as part of the repair procedure. The
WDS is used to select appropriate data for the
The following chart lists all PID’s used by the WDS
vehicle, and each module configuration must be
service tool to access data relevant to the system.
relevant for the specific Climate Control system (eg.
MCC, ACC, single zone, dual zone, etc.) and for the
Acronym
Description
circumstance where the module has been modified or
from ECC/PCM
replaced. If this procedure is not followed, the module
ACPRES
A/C Pressure (PSI)
may not function correctly and may set a number of
(1 PSI = 6.89kPa)
Diagnostic Trouble Codes.
HFC
High Speed Fan On (Engine
Cooling Fan)
LFC
Low Speed Fan On (Engine
Cooling Fan)
RPM
Engine Speed (RPM)
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